人破骨细胞抑制因子基因的克隆和表达

目的　克隆、表达和鉴定人破骨细胞抑制因子(OPG) .方法　从培养的人胚肺成纤维细胞 (WI- 38)中提取总 RNA,经 RT- PCR获得人破骨细胞抑制因子基因 .将该基因克隆到 p GEM3zf-载体中 ,测序鉴定 .继而将 OPG基因插入 TNFHis融合表达载体中 ,4 2℃诱导表达 4～ 5 h,做 SDS-PAGE分析 .以免疫印迹法鉴定 TNFHis OPG融合蛋白的表达 .结果　 DNA测序证明 ,获得了 OPG基因 ,其序列与国外文献报道不完全一致 .SDS- PAGE分析表明 ,TNFHis OPG融合蛋白获得表达 ,其 Mr为 7.1× 10 4 ku,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的 10 % .免疫印迹法鉴定显示 ,该融合蛋白可与抗 TNF-α单抗产生阳性反应 .结论　 OPG基因的克隆和表达均获得了成功 .     

人次级淋巴组织趋化因子的基因克隆及原核表达

目的：获得人次级淋巴组织趋化因子（SLC）基因，并通过大肠杆菌实现人SLC的非融合表达。方法：提取淋巴结组织总RNA，RT-PCR法扩增人SLC成熟肽基因，克隆到pMD18-T载体中，DNA测序。用限制性内切酶切下目的基因，与相应酶切的表达载体pBV220连接、筛选、鉴定。42℃热诱导表达目的蛋白，SDS-PAGE和Western印迹法鉴定重组蛋白，分子筛选初步纯化目的蛋白。结果：表达蛋白占菌体15％以上，免疫印迹证实为特异性蛋白，分子筛纯化后纯度达90％。结论：成功获得人SLC的原核表达。     

人胎盘TRAIL基因cDNA的克隆和鉴定

目的:利用基因工程技术克隆TRAIL基因全长cDNA,并构建其原核表达载体.方法:从人胎盘中提取总RNA,利用RT-PCR技术扩增了TRAIL,将其连接于克隆载体pMD18-T中,并通过酶切及测序鉴定载体构建的正确性.结果:应用RT-PCR技术和BamHⅠ和EcoRⅠ双酶切成功获得1049 bp的目的片段,测序分析结果表明该基因序列与报道的TRAIL基因片段的序列完全相同.结论:成功克隆了TRAIL基因的cDNA全长,为其在肿瘤生物治疗中的应用奠定了基础.     

凋亡抑制蛋白-survivin基因的克隆和表达

目的:克隆survivin基因、原核表达并鉴定. 方法:从培养的人喉癌Hep-2细胞中提取总RNA,经RT-PCR获得survivin基因. 将该基因克隆到pGEM-T-Easy载体中,测序、鉴定. 将测序正确的survivin基因亚克隆到pRSET-c载体中,构建survivin表达载体,IPTG诱导表达4～5 h,做SDS-PAGE分析,鉴定survivin蛋白的表达. 结果:DNA测序证明,获得了survivin基因,其序列与GeneBank中报道序列完全一致. SDS-PAGE分析表明,survivin蛋白获得高效表达,其相对分子质量为16.5×103,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的30%. 结论:Survivin基因的克隆和表达均获得了成功. 为进一步探讨survivin基因在肿瘤诊治中应用奠定了基础.     

人白细胞介素-17F基因克隆及在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的 克隆人白细胞介素-17F基因，并构建含有该目的基因的重组原核表达载体，获得高效表达hIL-17F的基因工程菌。方法 利用RT-PCR法，以PHA活化的人外周血单个核细胞的总RNA为模板，扩增出hIL-17FFeDNA的编码序列，并分别亚克隆至pUCm-T载体和原核表达载体pGEX．5X-3中，进行PCR、酶切鉴定和DNA序列测定。将重组原核表达载体转化感受态大肠杆菌B121后经IPTG诱导表达获得包涵体融合蛋白，且Western印迹鉴定。结果 PCR产物大小及其单酶切鉴定均证明所克隆的基因是hIL-17F，DNA序列测定进一步证实与GeneBank报道的序列完全一致。成功构建了重组原核表达载体pGEX-5X．3／hIL-17F，并在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达，约占菌体总蛋白的55％，且Western印迹证实确为目的蛋白。结论 该基因系国内首次克隆，hIL-17F基因重组体的构建和在大肠杆菌BL21中的高效表达，为进一步探讨其生物学活性和应用奠定了基础。     

人lrp-cDNA全长编码区的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的:扩增人lrp-cDNA全长编码区、并在大肠杆菌中表达和鉴定.方法:提取脂多糖刺激后HEK293细胞的总RNA,通过RT-PCR的方法扩增出全长人lrp序列,将其克隆入原核表达载体pcTAT后转化大肠杆菌诱导表达,做SDS-PAGE分析;并用免疫印迹法鉴定6His-TAT-LRG融合蛋白表达.结果:测序结果表明,获得了全长人lrp-cDNA全长编码区,其序列与GenBank已经公布的不完全一致;SDS-PAGE分析表明,6His-TAT-Lrp融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中成功表达,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的17%;免疫印迹法鉴定显示,该融合蛋白可与相应抗血清产生阳性反应.结论:得到人lrp-cDNA全长编码区序列,并成功表达,为人lrp功能的深入研究奠定了基础.     

人J链基因的克隆及原核表达研究

目的 用基因工程技术在大肠埃希菌中表达人J链基因重组蛋白,为研究其功能及开发检测J链抗原的试剂盒奠定基础.方法 提取人脾细胞总RNA,以此为模板,通过RT-PCR的方法获得J链基因.将该基因克隆到表达载体pET-22b(+)中,构建J链表达载体,测序证实正确后转化至E coli BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达后进行SDS-PAGE,表达产物经免疫印迹法(western blot,WB)鉴定其免疫反应性.结果 测序结果证实笔者成功地获得了J链基因,其序列与GenBank中报道完全一致.SDS-PAGE分析表明,重组蛋白在Ecoli BL21中获得表达,其相对分子量约为15KD左右,表达的蛋白量约占菌体蛋白的15%.结论 成功克隆了人免疫球蛋白J链基因,并在大肠杆菌中获得表达.     

新基因PRR11的克隆、真核表达载体的构建及鉴定

目的：克隆新基因PRR11的开放阅读框区,构建其真核表达载体,并进行表达检测及鉴定。方法：以HeLa细胞cDNA为模板,半定量RT-PCR扩增PRR11基因,克隆入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1中,酶切、测序鉴定确认获得PRR11基因的重组真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-PRR11。然后将pcDNA3.1-PRR11重组载体转染入HeLa细胞中,收集细胞,制备总RNA和细胞裂解液,采用半定量RT-PCR和蛋白质免疫印迹法检测目的基因表达情况。结果：成功扩增了PRR11基因,双酶切、测序鉴定证实目的基因成功克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1中,测序结果表明序列完全正确,pcDNA3.1-PRR11真核重组表达载体构建成功。半定量RT-PCR和蛋白质免疫印迹法证实了转染入HeLa细胞中的目的基因表达成功。结论：成功构建了PRR11基因的真核表达载体,并可在HeLa细胞中成功表达,为进一步研究PRR11基因的功能奠定了基础。     

小鼠高迁移率族蛋白1cDNA克隆、原核表达与鉴定

目的:克隆并原核表达小鼠高迁移率族蛋白1(high mobility group box1,HMGB1).方法:从小鼠脾脏细胞中提取总RNA,应用RT-PCR获得小鼠HMGB1cDNA,经PCR扩增小鼠HMGB1基因;通过T-A克隆将该基因构建到PMD-18T载体中,测序鉴定;将该基因插入pET-28a(+)表达载体,IPTG诱导后,可表达相对分子质量约30 kDa的蛋白.蛋白质印迹鉴定表达的目的蛋白.结果:经RT-PCR扩增得到648 bp的DNA片段,序列分析显示与基因库中报道的已知序列完全一致;构建了含有HMGB1编码序列的原核表达载体,经诱导表达、蛋白质印迹鉴定,获得相对分子质量约30 kDa的融合蛋白.结论:成功克隆和表达了小鼠HMGB1基因,为HMGB1蛋白的功能试验奠定了基础.     

大鼠EAAT3真核表达载体的构建及在Hella细胞中的表达

目的:克隆大鼠谷氨酸转运蛋白3(EAAT3)的cDNA,构建其真核表达载体并转染Hella细胞.方法:从大鼠的脑组织中提取RNA,采用RT-PCR技术扩增EAAT3的基因编码区序列,将序列定向克隆至真核表达载体pcDNA3.1( ). 经酶切及测序鉴定后用阳离子脂质体将其转染到Hella细胞中,通过免疫印迹法鉴定其表达.结果:经双酶切、测序鉴定证实EAAT3基因的真核表达载体构建成功.免疫印迹法证实EAAT3基因的表达.结论:成功克隆了EAAT3编码区序列,并构建了其真核表达载体,为以EAAT3为基础的中枢神经系统疾病的治疗奠定了基础.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.