结核病与糖尿病共病的治疗管理专家共识

结核病与糖尿病均是临床上的常见病和多发病,两者可合并存在,相互影响。活动性结核病作为感染因素可加重糖尿病病情,而糖尿病患者又是发生结核病的高危人群,结核病与糖尿病双重负担将成为重大的全球公共卫生问题。因此,需重视结核病与糖尿病共病的治疗管理。本共识重点介绍了结核病与糖尿病共病的危害、发病机制、双向筛查、临床特点、诊断、治疗和管理等内容。     

武汉同济医院－新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎流行期间孕产妇及新生儿管理指导意见(第一版)

2019年12月以来,湖北省武汉市发生多例新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎病例,后来我国其他省市和国外也陆续出现相关病例。孕产妇和新生儿如何防范,从哪些地方警惕,产检安排是否需要调整;疑似病例判断标准是什么,服药方案怎么制定;医护人员的配备怎么安排比较合适;分娩后新生儿的观察和隔离怎么制定方案,如何指导家属进行看护?面对这一系列问题,武汉华中科技大学同济医院妇产科联合新生儿科共同发布了《同济医院-新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎流行期间孕产妇及新生儿管理指导意见》,依据国家卫建委发布的《新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎诊疗方案(试行第四版)》和世界卫生组织、美国及各省份就肺炎或新型冠状病毒感染肺炎的相关指导意见,结合近期实际临床救治经验和体会,以问答方式,就上述问题进行了一一指导阐述。     

Imaging-guided brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer: the main process and common techniques

Brachytherapy (BT) delivers integrated boost doses to the central tumor while sparing the surrounding organs at risk (OARs) efficiently. It’s a mandatory treatment component for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) because it results in excellent overall survival and local control compared with other dose boosting modalities. Currently, BT is undergoing a transition from 2-dimensional (2D) to 3-dimensional (3D) treatment planning. Imaging-guided BT (IGBT) employing computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide exact individual delineation of target and OARs meanwhile prescribe the dose to the target volume instead of “point A” for X-ray-based BT. There are three main techniques for BT: intracavitary (IC), interstitial (IS), and intracavitary/interstitial (IC/IS) combination. The applicator choice depends on the specific tumor extension. The real-time transabdominal ultrasound (US)-guided applicator placement technique is strongly recommended to ensure ideal applicator positioning. MRI is the ideal standard imaging for BT owing to its superior soft tissue visualization than CT. However, CT-based BT is more often performed because of the availability. In developing countries, US-based BT can be adopted. For treatment planning, the applicator reconstruction is easier on CT than on MRI, because the applicator image is more clearly visible. Individual treatment planning should be performed for every single applicator insertion to ensure dose accuracy. In this review article, we explain the main clinical process and common techniques, including the applicator choice and placement, imaging techniques, target delineation, and treatment planning; asthose will help to improve the efficiency of 3D BT.     

超声造影规范化护理专家共识

为了实现超声对比剂（也称超声造影剂）高效、合理、安全、规范化输注，国内相关医护专家总结了国内外文献证据及临床经验，按照循证医学原则充分讨论后，制订了该共识，旨在为我国超声对比剂安全输注的规范化和标准化提供参考意见。共识介绍了超声对比剂的应用现状和安全性、相关法规与流程，造影前、中、后的规范化护理，并提出16条推荐意见。提出目前国内批准上市使用的超声对比剂安全性高，建议医护人员根据最新说明书或专家共识进行配药和给药，并从造影室管理、风险预案、人员资质等方面予以规范。     

Is glial heme oxygenase-1 suppression in neurodegenerative disorders permissive for neural repair?

<正>‘Core’neuropathology of degenerative central nervous system(CNS)disorders The common human neurodegenerative disorders(Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease(PD),amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,etc.)vary with respect to risk factors,ages of onset,sex predilections,neuraxial regions affected,hallmark cellular inclusions,behavioral and neurological symptoms,and responses     

Neural stem cell replacement: a possible therapy for neurodevelopmental disorders?

<正>Neurodevelopmental disorders are characterized by an abnormal development of the central nervous system,leading to a myriad of symptoms and diseases,including intellectual disability,attention deficits,impairments in learning and memory,speech disorders and repetitive behavior(Telias and Ben-Yosef,2014).Common major neurodevelopmental disorders include autism and autism     

不同护理查房形式的规范要求

目的 :探讨实施临床护理查房、教学查房、晨间护理查房三种形式 ,建立科学完善规范的护理查房模式。方法 :根据不同的目标要求和侧重点选择查房方式 ,选择病例、制定方案、内容讲解启发诱导互动讨论。结果 :明确各种查房的基本要求概念和内涵 ,达到教学相长的效果。     

不同性别刷牙效果的临床对比研究

目的 对不同性别人群刷牙效果进行对比研究。方法 实验对象按性别分组，均使用波浪型牙刷，刷牙前后各做一次菌斑检查，用O′Leaiy卡记录菌斑在牙面的分布。结果 女性比男性刷牙更彻底（P＜0．01），菌斑清除率相差10．42％。结论 性别对刷牙后菌斑清除效果有一定影响。     

口腔颌面部非何杰金氏淋巴瘤流式细胞DNA分析及意义探讨

目的:探讨流式细胞学各项指标与非何杰金氏淋巴瘤(NHL)发病部位、临床分期、病理分级、细胞类型及预后的关系和流式细胞学对NHL的诊断价值。方法:采用流式细胞仪测定50例口腔颌面部NHL及10例反应性增生淋巴结(RLN)石蜡包埋组织的DNA倍体、细胞周期各参数,并分析各参数及其与预后的关系。结果:10例RLN皆为二倍体,而NHL二倍体率为54%,异倍体率为46%,二者有显著性差异。SPF值、S+G2/M值与非何杰金氏淋巴瘤恶性程度密切相关,SPF值、S+G2/M值随肿瘤的恶性程度增大而增大。结论:口腔颌面部淋巴瘤流式细胞学检测具有一定诊断学价值,但其运用一定要与形态学相结合。同时SPF、S+G2/M等指标可以反映其细胞增殖状况及病理学恶性程度。     

异种烧结骨修复颌骨缺损的临床观察

本文报告了应用异种烧结骨修复颌骨缺损25例,采用手术前后X线及免疫学、r骨显像等观察,进行了较系统的临床研究.经6～12个月追踪观察,结果表明:创口愈合正常,未见免疫排斥反应.术后3周左右植骨成活,2～3个月有新骨形成、与空白对照组比较,烧结骨有明显加快骨缺损部位成骨作用,新生骨出现早,成骨速度快.证实烧结骨具有良好的组织相容性和骨传导能力,具有较高的临床实用性,是一种较理想的骨移植材料.