组蛋白去甲基化酶KDM2A在支气管哮喘大鼠气道炎症和气道重塑中的作用

目的 研究组蛋白去甲基化酶—赖氨酸特异性的去甲基化酶2A(KDM2A)在支气管哮喘大鼠气道炎症及气道重塑中的作用。方法 通过腹腔注射鸡卵清蛋白(OVA)致敏雾化激发哮喘大鼠模型。将18只6～8周龄SPF级SD雌性大鼠随机分为3组：对照组、哮喘4周组、哮喘8周组。哮喘模型成功后,通过HE染色观察肺组织气管及血管周围炎性细胞浸润;PAS染色观察杯状细胞增生及黏液分泌;Masson染色观察气道壁纤维化;荧光免疫组织化学法观察气道平滑肌增殖情况;Western blot法检测KDM2A蛋白表达水平。结果 哮喘4周组、哮喘8周组大鼠炎症评分、炎症细胞计数均高于对照组(P<0.01)。与对照组相比,哮喘组气道上皮中杯状细胞增生和黏液分泌、肺组织中胶原纤维沉积及气道平滑肌细胞增生均增加(P<0.01),随着OVA致敏时间延长,哮喘8周组较哮喘4周组气道炎症及气道重塑改变更严重。Western blot结果显示,哮喘4周组、哮喘8周组大鼠肺组织KDM2A表达高于对照组,哮喘8周组KDM2A表达亦高于哮喘4周组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);各组大鼠肺组织KDM2A蛋白表达与气道...     

多西环素对哮喘大鼠血管内皮生长因子、基质金属蛋白酶9的作用及血管重塑的影响

目的 观察多西环素对哮喘大鼠血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、基质金属蛋白酶9(matrix metalloproteinases-9,MMP-9)表达的影响.探讨多西环素对哮喘气道重塑、血管重塑的作用.方法 33只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、哮喘组、多西环素组各11只.将大鼠以1％戊巴比妥钠麻醉,取材.收集支气管肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BLAF),计数细胞总数、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞及嗜酸性粒细胞;部分肺组织行病理切片,HE染色;免疫组织化学法检测各组大鼠肺组织中VEGF和MMP-9的表达变化,并应用图像分析软件技术测量VEGF和MMP-9的相对表达强度;ELISA法检测血清中VEGF的含量;应用计算机图像分析技术测定气道壁厚度及血管密度.结果 哮喘组的细胞总数和嗜酸性粒细胞高于对照组,多西环素组明显低于哮喘组,但仍高于对照组(均P＜0.01);哮喘组大鼠肺组织和血清中MMP-9及VEGF的平均光密度值高于对照组,多西环素组明显低于哮喘组,但仍高于对照组(均P＜0.01);哮喘组大鼠血清中的VEGF含量高于对照组,多西环素组低于哮喘组,但仍高于对照组(均P＜0.01).哮喘组大鼠的气道壁厚度与血管密度均高于对照组,多西环素组则明显低于哮喘组,但仍高于对照组(均P＜0.01).结论 MMP-9、VEGF对哮喘血管重塑有重要作用,多西环素具有减轻气道炎症和气道重塑的作用.     

P27KiP-1蛋白对支气管哮喘大鼠气道平滑肌增生的影响

目的 探讨P27Kip-1对哮喘大鼠气道平滑肌细胞增生及气道重塑的影响.方法 清洁级雄性SD大鼠30只,随机分成对照组(C)、哮喘4周组(A1)、哮喘6周组(A2)每组10只.用卵白蛋白(OVA)致敏与激发建立大鼠哮喘模型,末次激发后24h内测气道反应性和观察气道壁炎性细胞的浸润情况,图像分析软件测定支气管壁厚度、支气管平滑肌厚度;免疫组化法检测增生细胞核抗原(PCNA)及P27Kip-1表达.结果 哮喘4周和6周组P27Kip-1蛋白表达显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),且6周组低于4周组(P＜0.05);哮喘4周和6周组PCNA表达、支气管壁厚度、支气管平滑肌厚度和气道反应性均显著高于对照组(P＜0.01),且6周组高于4周组(P＜0.01).结论 P27Kip-1可抑制气道平滑肌细胞增生进而影响气道重构与气道高反应性.     

加味小柴胡汤对哮喘大鼠Rho/Rcok信号传导通路的影响

目的观察加味小柴胡汤对哮喘大鼠气道重建中小G蛋白/Rho相关卷曲螺旋形成蛋白激酶(Rho/Rcok)信号通路的影响,探讨其作用机制。方法 60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、西药组、中药低剂量组、中药高剂量组、中西药组,每组10只。除空白对照组外,其余组别均采用以卵蛋白(OVA)致敏激发法制备大鼠哮喘模型,在OVA雾化激发的同时,各组分别给予相应药物灌胃治疗,西药组给予地塞米松注射液,中药低、高剂量组分别给予不同浓度(0.90 g生药/ml、1.80 g生药/ml)的加味小柴胡汤,中西药组给予地塞米松注射液+高剂量加味小柴胡汤。HE染色法观察大鼠肺组织病理学及嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)计数变化,RT-PCR法测定肺组织RhoA、Rock2mRNA表达情况。结果 HE染色显示模型对照组大鼠肺组织中出现大量以EOS为主的炎症细胞浸润,支气管平滑肌增厚。上述病理改变在各药物治疗组中均有减轻,同时大鼠肺组织中EOS计数均较模型对照组有不同程度的减少(P0.05,P0.01)。RT-PCR法测定结果显示模型对照组肺组织中RhoA、Rock2 mRNA表达量明显高于空白对照组(P0.05),各药物治疗组与模型对照组比较,肺组织中RhoA、Rock2 mRNA的表达明显下降(P0.05,P0.01)。结论加味小柴胡汤能够降低哮喘大鼠气道炎症细胞的浸润,对哮喘大鼠气道重塑中Rho/Rock信号通路有良好的调控作用。     

哮喘大鼠HIF-1α、转化生长因子-β的表达及调控

目的 探讨HIF-1α、TGF-β1在哮喘急性发作期中的作用及两者间的相关性.方法 选取健康清洁级雄性SD大鼠48只,随机均分为4组：正常对照组、哮喘组、地塞米松治疗组（地塞米松组）、布地奈德治疗组（布地奈德组）.制备大鼠哮喘模型,观察各组大鼠肺组织病理变化、分析支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中的细胞总数和分类计数,并采用免疫组织化学法和原位杂交法测定各组大鼠肺组织中HIF-1α、TGF-β1的表达情况,并作相关性分析.结果 正常对照组大鼠气道及肺实质无异常改变,细胞结构完整;哮喘组大鼠气道腔内有大量炎症细胞及分泌物充塞,形成黏液栓,气道上皮细胞损伤、脱落、基底膜增厚且形态不规则、平滑肌肥大增生;布地奈德组和地塞米松组大鼠气道腔内无明显分泌物,其它症状亦较哮喘组明显减轻.哮喘组细胞总数及EOS、PMN、Lym计数比例均显著高于正常对照组（P〈0.01）,Mφ计数比例显著低于正常对照组（P〈0.01）;布地奈德组和地塞米松组细胞总数及EOS、Lym计数比例均显著低于哮喘组（P〈0.01）,Mφ计数比例显著高于哮喘组（P〈0.01）.哮喘组大鼠肺组织HIF-1α及TGF-β1的表达均显著高于正常对照组（P〈0.01）,地塞米松组和布地奈德组HIF-1α的表达均明显高于正常对照组（P〈0.05）,布地奈德组和地塞米松组大鼠肺组织HIF-1α及TGF-β1的表达均显著低于哮喘组（P〈0.01）.哮喘大鼠肺组织中HIF-1α与TGF-β1的表达呈显著正相关（P〈0.01）.结论 哮喘急性发作期HIF-1α及TGF-β1的表达显著增加,两者间呈现显著正相关;糖皮质激素干预可以降低HIF-1α及TGF-β1的表达,减轻哮喘气道炎症.     

肺表面活性物质在哮喘大鼠气道重塑中的作用及机制

目的:研究肺表面活性物质(pulmonary surfactant,PS)对哮喘大鼠气道重塑的治疗作用并探讨其可能机制.方法:实验分3组:正常对照组(20只)、哮喘对照组(20只)和PS治疗组(20只),取肺组织与不同刺激因素作用后做组织切片,图像分析方法测定气道壁、气道平滑肌厚度及平滑肌细胞数,并计算平滑肌收缩百分比(PMS);免疫组织化学方法检测表皮生长因子(EGF)在各组大鼠小气道中的表达.结果:①PS治疗组的气道重塑程度显著低于哮喘组,与对照组比较无差异.②哮喘组气道平滑肌对腺苷的反应性(以PMS表示)较对照组增加24%,PS治疗组与哮喘组比较,PMS下降15%;哮喘组气道平滑肌对乙酰胆碱的反应性较对照组增加25%,PS治疗组与哮喘组比较,PMS下降16%.③哮喘组EGF的表达较对照组明显增加(P＜0.01),PS治疗组EGF的表达较哮喘组明显减少(P＜0.01).结论:外源性PS可以有效减轻哮喘大鼠气道重塑的程度,这可能与抑制EGF的合成及释放有关.     

Rho/ROCK信号转导通路在哮喘大鼠气道重塑中的作用及干预

目的 观察法舒地尔对慢性哮喘大鼠镜下气道重塑改变及肺组织RhoA和ROCKⅠ表达的影响,探讨Rho/ROCK信号转导通路在哮喘气道重塑中的作用。方法 雄性SD大鼠分为3组,建立慢性哮喘大鼠型,统计支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中细胞计数,观察肺组织病理及超微结构的变化,测定肺内支气管壁厚度（WTt）和支气管平滑肌厚度（WTm）,免疫组化法和real-timePCR法分别检测肺组织中RhoA及ROCKⅠ表达情况。结果（1）哮喘组BALF中细胞总数、嗜酸性粒细胞占细胞总数百分比均明显高于正常对照组（均P＜0.01）;法舒地尔干预后明显抑制炎症细胞浸润,该组BALF中细胞总数较哮喘组不同程度降低（P＜0.01）。（2）哮喘组肺组织镜下可见明显炎症性和结构性病理变化,法舒地尔组肺组织炎症反应及重塑改变较哮喘组改善。（3）哮喘组WTt和WTm较正常对照组明显增加（均P＜0.01）,法舒地尔组WTt和WTm较哮喘组明显降低（均P＜0.01）。（4）哮喘组大鼠肺组织RhoA和ROCKⅠ蛋白和mRNA的表达水平明显高于正常对照组（均P＜0.01）,法舒地尔组明显低于哮喘组（均P＜0.01）。（5）WTt、WTm均与大鼠肺组织中ROCKⅠ蛋白水平呈明显正相关（r=0.743、0.974,均P＜0.01）。结论哮喘大鼠RhoA和ROCKⅠ表达增高,法舒地尔可能通过影响RhoA和ROCKⅠ的表达,减轻气道炎症及改善气道重塑,表明Rho/ROCK信号转导通路参与哮喘气道重塑的形成。     

哮喘平对哮喘模型大鼠肺组织细胞凋亡相关调控基因蛋白Bcl-2、Bax水平的影响

目的:观察哮喘平对哮喘大鼠模型肺组织细胞凋亡相关调控基因蛋白Bcl-2、Bax水平的影响,研究哮喘平治疗哮喘的作用机制。方法:将60只SD雄性大鼠随机分为6组,每组10只,即空白对照组、哮喘模型组、桂龙咳喘宁组、哮喘平低剂量组、哮喘平中剂量组、哮喘平高剂量组。以卵蛋白致敏复制大鼠哮喘模型,成功复制模型21 d后,空白对照组和模型组每天给予等量的氯化钠溶液灌胃,连续给药2周后处死大鼠,解剖大鼠并取出肺组织。采用免疫组化法测定大鼠肺组织中细胞凋亡相关调控基因蛋白Bcl-2及Bax的表达。结果:与空白对照组比较,模型组大鼠Bcl-2表达升高,Bax表达降低(P0.01),与模型组比较,给药组大鼠Bcl-2表达降低,Bax表达升高(P0.05,P0.01);与桂龙咳喘宁组比较,哮喘平中高剂量组Bcl-2表达显著降低,Bax表达显著升高(P0.01)。结论:哮喘平可以降低抑凋亡基因蛋白Bcl-2的表达,升高促凋亡基因蛋白Bax的表达。     

姜黄素抑制哮喘大鼠气道平滑肌细胞TGFβ1表达的研究

目的观察姜黄素对哮喘大鼠气道平滑肌细胞(ASMC)增殖及TGFβ1表达的影响。方法将24只雄性SD大鼠分为对照组、哮喘组和姜黄素组。以卵清白蛋白(OVA)致敏激发建立哮喘大鼠气道重塑模型,图像分析技术测定支气管壁厚度(Wat)和平滑肌厚度(Wam),免疫组织化学法(IHC)测定肺组织TGFβ1蛋白表达。酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定细胞培养液中TGFβ1含量,实时定量PCR(Real-time PCR)检测ASMC中TGFβ1m RNA表达,CCK-8分析ASMC增殖程度。结果姜黄素组与哮喘组相比,Wat及Wam厚度减少(P0.01),仍高于对照组(P0.01);IHC显示:姜黄素组肺组织中TGFβ1蛋白表达与哮喘组比较明显减少(P0.01),仍高于对照组(P0.01)。姜黄素组大鼠ASMC中TGFβ1和TGFβ1m RNA表达均降低,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01);姜黄素组ASMC增殖明显受到抑制(P0.01)。结论姜黄素能抑制哮喘大鼠ASMC增殖,其机制与降低TGFβ1的表达有关。     

哮喘气道重塑与氧化应激的实验研究

目的探讨大鼠支气管哮喘模型的慢性气道炎症、气道重塑特征以及与氧化应激的关系。方法以卵蛋白为过敏原致敏,反复多次激发以模拟临床反复发作过程,建立大鼠慢性哮喘模型。64只SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组和哮喘组,每组再进一步划分4、8、12、16周4个时间段。观察指标:①肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF)细胞计数与分类;②肺组织病理观察:进行支气管周围炎性细胞浸润及杯状细胞增殖评分,测定支气管壁的平滑肌面积、胶原沉积面积,及肺组织TGF-β1的积分光密度值(IOD值);③测定12周大鼠肺组织匀浆MDA含量、SOD活性及肺组织TGF-β1蛋白含量。结果①各时间段哮喘组的BALF细胞计数与正常对照组相比,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。其中中性粒细胞百分比、黏液指数随时间推移呈增加趋势。②4周哮喘组即有气道管壁增厚、平滑肌增生、胶原沉积增多、管腔变小、TGF-β1的表达增多等气道重塑的特征,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01),并随时间推移呈增加趋势,以16周哮喘组最明显。③与对照组比较,哮喘组的MDA含量、TGF-β1含量均明显升高(均P<0.01),SOD活性明显降低(P<0.01)。结论通过延长卵蛋白激发时间可以成功制备SD大鼠慢性哮喘气道重塑模型;哮喘气道重塑在早期即出现,中性粒细胞及氧化应激可能参与哮喘的气道重塑。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.