RV-HSV-TK/GCV自杀基因系统治疗宫颈癌的实验研究

目的探讨单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶/丙氧鸟苷(HSV-TK/GCV)自杀基因系统对人宫颈癌细胞系Hela体外及体内的杀伤作用及其产生的旁观者效应.方法采用脂质体转染法将GINaTK载体转入包装细胞PA317.取病毒上清液感染人宫颈癌细胞Hela,得到带有HSV-TK基因的Hela/TK细胞,并将其分别用于体外和体内实验.体外实验中,Hela/TK细胞对丙氧鸟苷(GCV)的敏感性和旁观者效应采用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法测定.动物试验中分别在BALB/C小鼠的右腋窝皮下按不同比例注射Hela/TK细胞和Hela细胞,然后给予GCV治疗.逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测肿瘤组织中HSV-TK基因的表达情况.结果转染HSV-TK基因的Hela/TK细胞表现出比亲本Hela细胞更强的杀伤肿瘤效应.体外实验结果显示,当Hela/TK细胞数占混合细胞10%时,低浓度(10μg·ml-1)的GCV就可将50%左右的肿瘤细胞杀死.体内实验结果显示,GCV可明显抑制Hela/TK细胞在BALB/C小鼠体内的肿瘤形成.经GCV治疗后,Hela/TK组和混合细胞组肿瘤体积分别较对照组肿瘤体积缩小52.8%和69.4%(均P＜0.001).小鼠的平均生存期也显著延长(P＜0.001).结论逆转录病毒可介导HSV-TK基因转入人宫颈癌细胞Hela并获稳定表达,HSV-TK/GCV自杀基因系统在体内外对宫颈癌细胞均有杀伤作用,且存在明显的旁观者效应.     

HSV-TK/GCV系统对鼠膀胱癌远距离旁观者效应的实验研究

目的探讨单纯疱疹病毒胸腺激酶(HSV-TK）基因联合羟基无环鸟苷(GCV)对体内膀胱癌的远距离旁观者效应的效果。方法将转染HSV-TK基因的膀胱癌细胞和未转染HSV—TK的膀胱癌细胞分别种植于小鼠双侧背部;给予GCV治疗,观察肿瘤的大小变化,小鼠存活天数改变,及膀胱癌细胞病理学改变。结果在HSV—TK/GCV系统作用下,转染HSV-TK的TK 肿瘤大小明显小于对照组,肿瘤生长受到抑制;但对侧未转染HSV-TK基因的TK-肿瘤产生远距离旁观者效应不明显。结论HSV—TK／GCV系统对体内其他部位未转染HSV-TK基因膀胱癌细胞产生远距离旁观者效应不明显。     

腺病毒介导的HSV-TK/GCV系统对PVNS滑膜细胞的杀伤作用

目的〓〖HTK〗探讨腺病毒介导HSV-TK/GCV系统对色素沉着绒毛结节滑膜炎(PVNS)滑膜细胞的体外杀伤作用。〖HTW〗方法〓〖HTK〗将含LacZ基因的重组腺病毒载体Ad-LacZ转染PVNS滑膜细胞, X-gal染色法确定腺病毒对该细胞的转染效率，PCR检测转染细胞中HSV-TK基因的表达，MTT法检测TK阳性细胞对GCV的体外敏感性及旁观者效应，流式细胞仪检测HSV-TK/GCV系统作用后细胞的凋亡及坏死。〖HTW〗结果〓〖HTK〗感染复数为120时，近100％的细胞可被转染。HSV-TK/GCV系统对PVNS滑膜细胞的杀伤作用十分明显，且存在明显的旁观者效应。HSV-TK/GCV系统作用后细胞出现明显的凋亡及坏死。〖HTW〗结论〓〖HTK〗HSV-TK/GCV系统可明显杀伤PVNS中过度增殖滑膜细胞，可望用于PVNS的治疗。     

FCY1/HSV-TK双自杀基因体系对前列腺癌杀伤作用的研究

目的构建前列腺特异性膜抗原启动子调控表达的FCYl/TK双自杀基因表达载体,观察其对前列腺癌细胞LNCaP、PC-3的杀伤作用及在荷瘤裸鼠体内的抑瘤作用。方法 PCR扩增基因组DNA中PSMA启动子,利用基因重组的方法,替换真核表达载体plRES中的CMV启动子,再将自杀基因FCYl和HSV-TK分别克隆于载体plRES的两个多克隆位点,构建真核表达载体pPSMA-IRES-FCYl-TK。将该载体转染LNCaP、PC-3细胞,用RT-PCR的方法检测其转录,用MTT法检测前体药物5-氟胞嘧啶、丙氧鸟苷单一或联合使用对转染后的LNCaP、PC-3细胞的杀伤作用。将稳定转染双自杀基因表达载体的前列腺癌细胞注射入荷瘤裸鼠皮下,同时设立对照,计算肿瘤体积,观察生存状态。结果成功构建pPSMA-IRES-FCYl-TK双自杀基因表达载体,经脂质体转染LNCaP、PC-3细胞后,RT-PCR检测到FCYl和TK基因均有转录。MTT法检测表明5-FC与GCV联合使用,其细胞生长抑制率明显高于单独使用5-FC、GCV（P〈0.05）组。荷瘤裸鼠体内抑瘤试验显示：去势与双自杀基因联合治疗组治疗后瘤体体积略有下降,双自杀基因联合治疗组死亡率下降明显。结论 pPSMA-IRES-FCYl-TK的双自杀基因体系对前列腺癌细胞及荷瘤裸鼠肿瘤的杀伤作用,明显优于单自杀基因体系。     

Ad-VEGFP-CD/TK系统抑制乳腺癌细胞增殖的体内外实验研究

目的 探讨腺病毒介导VEGF启动子驱动的CD/TK双自杀基因体系(Ad-VEGFP-CD/TK)对乳腺癌细胞MCF-7的体内外靶向杀伤作用.方法 用重组腺病毒Ad-VEGFP-CD/TK体外感染表达VEGF的MCF-7细胞和不表达VEGF的原代培养的乳腺上皮细胞,荧光显微镜观察其感染率,然后给予前药GCV和5-FC,用MTT法观察该体系对细胞生长增殖的影响及其旁观者效应;用流式细胞术观察细胞周期及细胞内DNA含量的变化.建立MCF-7裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,瘤内注射Ad-VEGFP-CD/TK,腹腔注射前药14 d,观察肿瘤生长抑制效应.结果 腺病毒对两种细胞的感染率相似.MTT法检测显示MCF-7细胞对前药具有较高的敏感性,而乳腺上皮细胞对前药不敏感,且观察到该体系对MCF-7细胞明显的旁观者效应.在感染复数为100时,用流式细胞仪测定用药组出现典型的凋亡峰;细胞周期分析显示治疗后细胞G0-G1期比率增多,G2-M及S期细胞减少.在MCF-7裸鼠移植瘤模型中,该双自杀基因系统能够显著抑制肿瘤的生长.结论 VEGF启动子可调控双自杀基因体系选择性杀伤人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7并诱导细胞凋亡,并可显著抑制人乳腺癌裸鼠移植瘤的生长.     

单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶丙氧鸟苷自杀基因系统对宫颈癌Hela细胞系体外杀伤作用的研究

目的：观察单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶(HSV-TK)丙氧鸟苷(GCV)自杀基因系统对人宫颈癌Hela细胞系体外杀伤作用及其旁观效应。方法：采用脂质体转染法将GINaTK载体转入包装细胞PA317。取病毒上清液感染Hela细胞,得到带有HSV-TK基因的Hela／TK细胞,并将其用于体外实验。结果：载体HSV-TK导入了PA317细胞。体外实验结果显示,当Hela／TK细胞数占混合细胞10％时,低浓度(10mg／L)的GCV就可将50％左右的肿瘤细胞杀死。GCV作用后的实验组Hela／TK细胞基因组经琼脂糖凝胶电泳后可观察到典型的DNA梯状条带。结论：逆转录病毒可介导HSV-TK基因转入人宫颈癌Hela细胞并获稳定表达,HSV-TK／GCV自杀基因系统在体外对宫颈癌细胞有杀伤作用,且存在明显的旁观效应。     

VEGF介导的双自杀基因系统对乳腺癌细胞的靶向杀伤作用

目的 探讨腺病毒介导VEGF启动子驱动的CD/TK双自杀基因体系(Ad-VEGFP-CD/TK)对乳腺癌细胞MCF-7的体内外靶向杀伤作用。方法 用重组腺病毒Ad-VEGFP-CD/TK体外感染表达VEGF的MCF-7细胞和不表达VEGF的原代培养的乳腺上皮细胞,荧光显微镜观察其感染效率,然后给予前药GCV和5-FC,用MTT法观察该体系对细胞生长增殖的影响及其旁观者效应;用流式细胞术观察细胞周期及细胞内DNA含量的变化。建立MCF-7裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,瘤内注射Ad-VEGFP-CD/TK,腹腔注射前药GCV(50mg/kg•d)和5-FC(500mg/kg•d)14天,观察肿瘤生长抑制效应。结果 腺病毒对两种细胞的感染率相似,其感染率随腺病毒滴度的增高而递增。MTT法检测显示表达VEGF的MCF-7细胞对前药具有较高的敏感性,而不表达VEGF的乳腺上皮细胞对前药不敏感,且观察到该体系对MCF-7细胞明显的旁观者效应。在感染复数为100时,用流式细胞仪测定用药组出现典型的凋亡峰;细胞周期分析显示治疗后细胞G0-G1期比率增多,G2-M及S期细胞减少。在MCF-7裸鼠移植瘤模型中,该双自杀基因系统能够显著抑制肿瘤的生长。结论 VEGF启动子可调控双自杀基因体系选择性杀伤人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7并诱导细胞凋亡,并可显著抑制人乳腺癌裸鼠移植瘤的生长。     

腺病毒介导Ad-HSV-TK/GCV自杀基因对人卵巢癌细胞体内杀伤效应研究

目的观察以腺病毒为载体,人端粒酶逆转录酶(hTERT)为启动子的单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶(HSV-TK)基因重构体Ad-hTERT-HSV-tk联合更昔洛韦(GCV)对人卵巢癌细胞(Skov-3)的体内杀伤作用。方法建立人卵巢癌裸鼠移植瘤模型,Ad-hTERT-HSV-tk经尾静脉注射荷瘤小鼠后,腹腔注射GCV,观察肿瘤体积、质量、肿瘤抑制率、肿瘤体积-时间曲线以及生存期,流式细胞术(FCM)检测SKOV-3的凋亡,Western blot法检测各组肿瘤组织中EGFR蛋白表达。结果自杀基因Ad-hTERT-HSV-tk联合GCV系统对人卵巢癌裸鼠移植瘤生长具有明显抑制作用,对移植瘤的体积和瘤质量的抑制作用明显,并促进SKOV-3细胞凋亡,Ad-hTERT-HSV-tk组EGFR蛋白表达水平较其它三组降低(P<0.05)。结论 Ad-hTERT-HSV-tk联合GCV自杀基因系统在裸鼠体内对Skov-3肿瘤呈显著杀伤作用,其机制可能与下调EGFR蛋白表达相关。     

单纯疱疹胸苷激酶/更昔洛韦系统杀伤前列腺癌细胞的"旁观者效应"及其调控

目的评价单纯疱疹胸苷激酶/更昔洛韦（HSV-TK/GCV）系统杀伤前列腺癌细胞PC-3m的“旁观者效应”,探讨连接蛋白（Cx）介导的细胞间隙连接交流（GJIC）在该系统“旁观者效应”中的作用,观察apigenin对PC-3m细胞连接蛋白43（Cx43）表达及GJIC状况的调控。方法MTT法评价TK基因系统杀伤PC-3m细胞的“旁观者效应”,划痕标记染料示踪技术（SLDT）比较几种代表细胞系GJIC功能状况,检测HSV-TK/GCV对其“旁观者效应”。逆转录－聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）法和SLDT检测PC-3m细胞Cx43表达和GJIC状况,并观察apigenin对Cx43表达、GJIC状况及“旁观者效应”的调控作用。结果HSV-TK/GCV系统杀伤PC-3m细胞时“旁观者效应”程度较弱,TK基因阳性细胞比例约为10%的混合细胞经100 μmol/L GCV处理72 h后,仅23.5%±3.21%细胞被杀灭。该自杀基因系统对GJIC功能强大的NIH-3T3、 Cos-7和L-02细胞“旁观者效应”程度远较GJIC功能低下的ACHN和HeLa细胞者强（P<0.001）。PC-3m细胞Cx43 mRNA表达降低,GJIC功能低下,apigenin不仅可上调PC-3m细胞Cx43表达、促进GJIC功能,还可使其“旁观者效应”明显改观（P<0.001）。结论细胞内在的GJIC功能与HSV-TK/GCV对其“旁观者效应”程度有正向关系,PC-3m细胞Cx43 mRNA表达减弱及GJIC功能低下可能是导致HSV-TK/GCV系统杀伤该细胞时“旁观者效应”较弱的原因,某些化学物质如apigenin可通过上调PC-3m细胞Cx43表达并促进GJIC功能,增强“旁观者效应”程度及TK基因系统疗效。     

AFP增强子驱动的HSV-TK/GCV自杀基因系统对肝癌细胞杀伤的实验研究

目的 探讨人AFP增强子驱动的单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶/丙氧鸟苷(HSV-TK/GCV)自杀基因系统体外靶向杀伤肝癌细胞效应.方法 构建人AFP增强子驱动的pAFP-CDNA3.1-TK自杀基因真核表达质粒,脂质体转染肝癌细胞,检测TK mRNA和蛋白表达.MTT法检测GCV对肝癌细胞的杀伤作用.结果 成功构建pAFP-CDNA3.1-TK自杀基因真核表达质粒,在AFP阳性HepG2细胞中检测到TK mRNA和蛋白表达,添加GCV 可特异性地杀伤HepG2细胞,而AFP阴性的SMMC7721细胞生长不受影响.结论 AFP增强子驱动的TK/GCV自杀基因系统可以靶向杀伤AFP阳性肝癌细胞.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.