5-氟尿嘧啶-Fe/Fe3O4磁性脂质体的制备及其表征

目的:制备以Fe/Fe3O4核壳结构纳米颗粒(Fe/Fe3O4 core-shell structural magnetic nanoparticles,FCSN)为磁介质的5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)磁性脂质体,并检测其表征。方法:使用Fe3O4纳米颗粒通过还原氧化法制备FCSN,用透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)及振动样品磁强计(VSM)检测其形态、结构和磁性。采用逆向蒸发法制备5-FU-FCSN磁性脂质体,通过L9(34)正交表试验得出5-FU-FCSN磁性脂质体最佳配方。用激光粒度分析仪(PCS)、TEM检测5-FU-FCSN磁性脂质体表征,并用凝胶层析法测定包封率。结果:FCSN粒径平均为70 nm,呈类圆形。XRD和TEM结果显示FCSN结构:外壳为Fe3O4,内核为Fe,磁饱和强度为107.54 emu/g。5-FU-FCSN磁性脂质体在TEM下观察为类圆形,平均粒径为202.5 nm,包封率为33.5%。放置在4℃冰箱中,1个月后包封率较为稳定,瓶底无磁性脂质体沉淀。结论:成功制备了5-FU-FCSN磁性脂质体,制备方法简单易行,制备的磁性脂质体在4℃冰箱中可以长期储存。     

As2O3磁性Fe3O4白蛋白微球的制备与表征

目的 :制备用于肿瘤热化疗和逆转多药耐药的As2O3磁性Fe3O4白蛋白微球并表征。方法:化学共沉淀法制备Fe3O4磁性纳米粒,运用透射电镜、X射线衍射分析进行表征,溶血实验及MTT试验进行毒理学评定。去溶剂化交联法制备As2O3磁性Fe3O4白蛋白微球,运用透射电镜和能谱仪进行表征,在交变磁场作用下进行体外升温试验,体外释药方法研究其释药速率。结果:Fe3O4磁性纳米粒近似球形,粒径约20 nm,无溶血作用,细胞毒性为1级。As2O3磁性Fe3O4白蛋白微球近似球形,大小均匀,粒径约193.4 nm,其不同浓度的磁流体在交变磁场下可升温至39.5~58.0℃并保持恒定。体外释药实验证实As2O3磁性Fe3O4白蛋白微球具有明显的缓释功能。结论:Fe3O4磁性纳米粒作为药物载体具有良好的生物相容性。用去溶剂化交联法可以成功制备出As2O3磁性Fe3O4白蛋白微球,As2O3磁性Fe3O4白蛋白微球释药速率缓慢,为研究肿瘤热化疗和逆转多药耐药提供理论和实验基础。     

盐酸表柔比星长循环磁性脂质体的制备及表征

目的: 制备靶向抗癌药物新剂型-长循环磁性盐酸表柔比星脂质体。方法: 用沉淀法制备纳米磁性Fe3O4粒子,以聚乙二醇单甲醚(mPEG)为修饰剂,采用乙醇注入硫酸铵梯度法制备盐酸表柔比星纳米长循环磁性脂质体;用透射电镜、红外光谱、外加磁场等对制备的脂质体进行表征;采用葡聚糖凝胶柱(Sephadex)紫外法测定脂质体中盐酸表柔比星的包封率,并分别观察水浴孵化时间、卵磷脂与胆固醇的质量比、盐酸表柔比星用量、mPEG用量和不同溶剂等因素对盐酸表柔比星包封率的影响。结果: 制备的纳米磁性Fe₃O₄为近球形颗粒,平均粒径约20 nm,以此磁性材料为磁核所制成的mPEG化盐酸表柔比星磁性脂质体颗粒较圆,平均粒径约50 nm,药物包封率达到57.5％,具有良好的磁响应性、体外稳定性和缓释效果。结论: 此法制备的脂质体包封率高, 重现性好, 简便易行。     

As2O3磁性纳米微球的制备及其联合磁流体热疗对宫颈癌治疗的体外实验研究

目的：研究As2O3磁性纳米微球的制备及其联合磁流体热疗（MFH）对宫颈癌Siha细胞株的治疗作用。方法：采用改良的乳化冷冻凝聚法制备As2O3磁性纳米微球，能谱仪、原子荧光光谱仪对其进行表征；高频交变磁场中进行体外升温实验。四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）比色法检测As2O3磁性纳米微球联合MFH对宫颈癌Siha细胞株生长的影响，流式细胞仪（FCM）检测凋亡。结果：所制备As2O3磁性纳米微球近似球形，粒径约为120nm，含砷量为0．61％，在输出电流I=300A的高频交变磁场中具有升温能力，且能达到肿瘤治疗的有效温度（41℃～46℃）；As2O3磁性纳米微球联合MFH能抑制宫颈癌Siha细胞株的生长，促进其凋亡，且均较单纯As2O3液及单纯MFH明显。结论：As2O3磁性纳米微球可同时发挥As2O3的细胞毒性作用和磁感应加热的联合定向治疗作用，效果优于单一治疗，为临床治疗宫颈癌提供新的方法。     

脲酶-Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子的制备及表征

目的应用微乳法制备脲酶-Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子并初步探讨其相关特性,以期获得一种合适的口服脲酶制剂.方法以碳化二亚胺为耦联剂,制备脲酶-Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子,后用Bradford蛋白测定方法测定脲酶耦联量;运用TEM测定其粒径,用FTIR来检测脲酶与Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子的耦联.结果Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子与脲酶耦联后,其粒径稍有增大;Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子耦联脲酶的量与其粒径大小、碳化二亚胺/Fe3O4纳米粒子(W/W)等因素有关,粒径越小,耦联剂用量越大,耦联脲酶的量越高;Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子平均粒径为180 nm,当温度为4℃,碳化二亚胺与Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子用量比为1:2(W/W)时,脲酶的耦联率约为4.75%(W/W);固定化脲酶的活性约保留原酶活性的30%.结论Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子可用于酶、蛋白质等药物的固定化.     

磁性阿克拉霉素纳米粒的研制和理化性质

目的制备纳米级磁性阿克拉霉素微粒,考察其理化性质和磁场响应性。方法运用化学沉淀法制备Fe3O4纳米颗粒,并与阿克拉霉素水溶液分散在正己烷油相体系。采用反相微乳液界面聚合的方法生成聚合物将水液滴包埋,由此制备内含磁性颗粒和阿克拉霉素的磁性纳米载药系统,并通过扫描电镜、透射电镜、动态光散射磁强计等考察磁性阿克拉霉素纳米粒的理化性质及体内外磁场响应性。结果磁性阿克拉霉素纳米粒平均粒径210m,阿克拉霉素载药率100％,包封率362％。制备过程中的各参数包括单体用量、体系油水相体积比例、有机溶剂的种类和乳化剂的用量等都会影响磁性阿克拉霉素纳米粒粒径和阿克拉霉素包封率。制备后4℃保存,3个月稳定性好。结论磁性阿克拉霉素纳米粒粒径小,载药率和包封率高,体外具有良好的磁场响应性。     

As4S4/Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4复合纳米粒的制备及其杀伤宫颈癌Hela细胞的实验研究

目的:通过制备As4S4/Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 复合纳米粒研究体外热化疗对宫颈癌Hela细胞株的作用?方法:采用改良的化学沉淀-浸渍法制备As4S4/Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4复合纳米粒,通过扫描电镜?能谱仪?原子荧光光谱仪来表征;检测As4S4/Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 复合纳米粒的释药水平及在交变磁场中的升温能力;通过MTT比色法和流式细胞仪检测化疗组?热疗组及热化疗组对宫颈癌的治疗效果?结果:制备的复合纳米粒粒径为20~40 nm;复合纳米粒体外升温能达到肿瘤的有效治疗温度(41~46℃);释药缓慢,48 h释药为13.28%?在MTT实验中,As4S4/Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 复合纳米粒组细胞抑制率明显高于单纯纳米雄黄溶液组和Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 联合交变磁场加热组 (P < 0.05);在凋亡率检测中,As4S4/Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4复合纳米粒联合磁流体热疗组细胞凋亡率明显高于单纯纳米雄黄溶液组和Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 联合交变磁场加热组(P < 0.05)?结论:采用改良的化学沉淀-浸渍法可以成功制备As4S4/Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 复合纳米粒,体外实验证明该复合纳米粒联合交变磁场热疗对宫颈癌细胞具有很强的生长抑制和诱导凋亡作用?     

As2O3磁性纳米微球磁感应加热治疗宫颈癌的研究

目的探讨As2O3磁性纳米微球磁感应加热治疗宫颈癌的作用和机理。方法用培养的SiHa细胞建立裸鼠人宫颈癌移植瘤模型,将研制的As2O3纳米微球、磁性纳米微球、As2O3磁性纳米微球等注入肿瘤细胞接种处,加高频交变磁场磁感应加热治疗3次后,d 45实验结束,分析比较3个实验组较对照组的延迟出瘤时间、质量抑制率、肝功能和肾功能情况及肿瘤、瘤周和内脏组织学的改变。同时观察磁流体热疗的升温和恒温效果。结果在高频交变磁场下,As2O3磁性纳米微球组肉眼未见肿瘤生长,该组的肿瘤质量抑制率为99.93%,明显高于As2O3纳米微球组(85.20%,P<0.01)及磁性纳米微球组(87.72%,P<0.01)。各实验组裸鼠血清AST、ALT、Bun及Cr水平与对照组相比无显著性差异(P>0.05),瘤旁和内脏组织未见明显损伤。结论在高频交变磁场作用下,As2O3纳米微球、磁性纳米微球、As2O3磁性纳米微球治疗裸鼠宫颈癌均有效,以As2O3磁性纳米微球效果最佳。本研究所采用的As2O3磁性纳米微球联合磁流体热疗技术具有双重抗癌功能,为宫颈癌和其他实体瘤的治疗提供了一条新途径。      

靶向治疗用Fe_3O_4 及其白蛋白包被磁性纳米粒子的制备

目的制备用于肿瘤靶向治疗的Fe3O4及其白蛋白包被的磁性纳米粒子.方法采用部分还原法制备Fe3O4纳米粒子,通过微乳化方法制备了白蛋白包被的Fe3O4磁性纳米颗粒.结果Fe3O4粒径为10nm左右,X-射线粉末衍射分析显示Fe3O4纳米磁性微粒是典型的尖晶石构型;白蛋白包被的磁性纳米粒子直径在200nm左右.结论Fe3O4及其白蛋白包被的磁性纳米粒子适于用于肿瘤靶向治疗的进一步研究.     

纳米三氧化二砷磁性脂质体对卵巢癌HO-8910细胞热化疗作用的研究

目的 研究纳米三氧化二砷磁性脂质体(NMLA)对卵巢癌HO-8910细胞的热化疗作用.方法 以培养液做对照,分别将空白脂质体、三氧化二砷(As2O3)溶液、纳米As2O3脂质体、纳米磁性脂质体(NML)、NMLA作用于人浆液性卵巢癌HO-8910细胞,并用高频交变磁场(AMF)对经过NML和NMLA处理的HO-8910细胞作进一步热疗处理,通过显微镜、MTT法、流式细胞仪观察治疗效果.结果 NMLA热疗组细胞的生长抑制率(63.15%)明显高于As2O3溶液组(31.71%)、纳米As2O3脂质体组(41.16%)和NML热疗组(54.61%)(均P＜0.05),该组细胞的凋亡率也高于其他各组.结论 NMLA可在高频AMF作用下升温控温,发挥热、化疗双重作用,强烈抑制人类卵巢癌HO-8910细胞的生长并诱导其凋亡,为临床卵巢癌的治疗提供了新的可能方法.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.