RNA干扰逆转白血病细胞耐药性的研究

目的 用RNA干扰技术下调白血病耐药细胞系K562/A02多药耐药基因mdr1的表达以逆转白血病对化学药物的耐药性.方法 针对mdr1基因已知mRNA序列不同位点,选择两条靶序列,构建靶向mdr1 shRNA真核表达载体,脂质体介导转染白血病耐药细胞株K562/A02.实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测mRNA表达,Western blot检测细胞膜P-gp表达,柔红霉素泵出试验检测P-gp外排泵功能,MTT法检测细胞对阿霉素的敏感性.结果 构建了二条针对mdr1基因的shRNA真核表达载体,分别下调mdr1 mRNA的表达89.74%和87.18%,降低细胞膜P-gp表达,使膜外泵功能明显下降,柔红霉素在细胞内贮留明显增多,60min 时柔红泵出率为13.16%、22.02%,对照组为40.44%、45.31%,对阿霉素药物敏感性的相对逆转率为84.36%和76.69%.结论 RNA干扰技术可有效逆转mdr1所致耐药.     

SiRNA逆转人红白血病细胞株(K562/ADM)阿霉素耐药性的实验研究

目的:研究小分子干扰RNA片段(small inteffering RNA,siRNA)对人红白血病细胞株K562/ADM细胞mdr1基因表达及药物敏感性的影响,探索新的耐药逆转途径.方法:siRNA根椐GeneBank已知序列设计,在脂质体介导下转染K562/ADM细胞;用流式细胞仪检测K562/ADM细胞Pgp的表达;用MTT检测其对阿霉素ADM的敏感性;用PCR-ELISA法检测K562/ADM细胞的端粒酶活性.结果:siRNA转染后K562/ADM细胞Pgp的表达明显下降,对阿霉素ADM的IC50从8.7μg/ml降到5 μg/ml,端粒酶活性明显下调.结论:siRNA有效逆转了mdr1介导的耐药性,不失为一种新型、有效的肿瘤耐药逆转途径.     

Y-盒结合蛋白1对白血病K562细胞多药耐药基因-1表达的调控

目的:观察多柔比星诱导K562细胞多药耐药基因-1(mdr1)基因表达过程中Y-盒结合蛋白1(YB-1)表达和核易位的变化情况,初步探讨YB-1蛋白对mdr1基因的转录调控。方法:多柔比星间歇性长期作用于K562细胞,剂量逐渐增加。RT-PCR检测mdr1,YB-1基因表达,流式细胞仪检测mdr1基因编码的P糖蛋白(P-gp)表达,蛋白质印迹检测YB-1蛋白核易位。通过RNA干扰技术使K562细胞中YB-1基因表达沉默,多柔比星处理YB-1基因沉默细胞,RT-PCR、流式细胞仪分别检测mdr1 mRNA和P-gp的表达。结果:经多柔比星作用后K562细胞mdr1基因转录上调,P-gp表达增加,同时YB-1基因转录也增强,且出现明显的核易位。YB-1基因沉默后,mdr1基因诱导性表达减少。结论:多柔比星诱导K562细胞mdr1基因表达的过程中,YB-1对于mdr1基因的转录活化起一定的作用。     

siRNA对人红白血病细胞株（K562／ADM）阿霉素耐药性的影响

目的：研究小分子干扰RNA片段（small interfering RNA，siRNA）对人红白血病细胞株（K562／ADM）细胞mdr1基因表达及功能的影响，探索一新的耐药的逆转途径。方法：siRNA根椐GeneBank已知序列设计，在脂质体介导下转染K562／ADM细胞：用流式细胞仪检测K562／ADM细胞Pgp的表达及细胞周期的改变；用TUNEL法检测其凋亡；用MTTT检测其对阿霉素ADM的敏感性。结果：siRNA转染后K562／ADM细胞Pgp的表达明显下降，凋亡率明显提高，对阿霉素ADM的敏感性明显提高。结论：siRNA有效逆转了mdr1介导的耐药性，不失为一种新型、有效的肿瘤耐药逆转途径。     

靶向MDR1基因siRNA逆转HepG2/ADM细胞耐药性的研究

目的 采用RNA干扰技术逆转人类肝癌细胞系/阿霉素(human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line/adriamycin,HepG2/ADM)细胞中多耐药基因,探讨该基因能否有效地抑制多耐药基因(multidrug resistance gene,MDR1)及其编码的糖蛋白(P-glycoprotein,P-gp)的表达,并检测对HepG2/ADM耐药表型的逆转效果.方法 采用药物大剂量冲击法建立HepG2/ADM耐药模型,构建靶向MDR1的小干扰RNA表达载体,并转染到HepG2/ADM细胞中,应用半定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应检测基因转染前后MDR1 mRNA表达水平的变化,Western-blot检测各组细胞P-gp蛋白表达的变化,用噻唑蓝法检测各组细胞对阿霉素、顺铂、长春新碱和氟尿嘧啶等药物的敏感性.结果 HepG2/ADM细胞系不仅对阿霉素耐药,而且对其他化疗药也有抗性,呈现多药耐药特性;重组质粒鉴定结果表明针对MDR1的小干扰RNA表达载体成功构建;与对照组比较,转入细胞后MDR1 mRNA水平明显下降,P-gp蛋白表达明显降低;转入细胞后HepG2/ADM细胞对化疗药物的敏感性明显提高,部分逆转其耐药性.结论 靶向MDR1的小干扰RNA可显著抑制HepG2/ADM细胞中MDR1基因和P-gp蛋白的表达,逆转P-gp介导的HepG2/ADM细胞的耐药性.     

慢性粒细胞白血病细胞株伊马替尼耐药与MDR1基因表达相关性探讨

目的 探讨慢性粒细胞白血病细胞株伊马替尼耐药与MDR1基因表达相关性.方法 采用Real-time PCR检测MDR1 mRNA表达,Western-blot检测P-gp蛋白表达,MTS法检测细胞药物敏感性.结果 耐伊马替尼细胞株K562/G01MDR1的mRNA表达明显上调,P-gp表达明显上调,维拉帕米能部分逆转K562/G01细胞株对伊马替尼的耐药.结论 MDR1基因参与伊马替尼耐药机制,P-gp抑制剂能改善伊马替尼临床疗效.     

DC-CIK细胞对K562/ADR细胞多药耐药的逆转作用

目的 探讨共培养树突状细胞(dendritic cell,DC)和细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞(cytokine-induced killer cell,CIK),即DC-CIK逆转白血病细胞多药耐药的作用及相关机制.方法 采用RT-PCR方法检测DC-CIK处理后的耐药细胞株(K562/ADR细胞)中多药耐药基因(mdr1基因)的表达;利用MTT法检测DC-CIK细胞处理后的耐药细胞株对阿霉素敏感性的变化.结果 经DC-CIK作用后的K562/ADR细胞mdr1表达明显低于未经DC-CIK处理的K562/ADR细胞组(P<0.05),而且其对阿霉素的敏感性也明显高于未经DC-CIK处理的K562/ADR细胞(P<0.05).结论 DC-CIK可逆转耐药细胞的多药耐药,其作用机制可能与下调耐药细胞中mdr1的表达有关.     

汉防己甲素逆转白血病细胞株K562/A02耐药的机制

目的:研究汉防己甲素（TTD）对白血病细胞株K562/A02多药耐药(MDR)逆转的机理。方法：以白血病细胞系K562及其耐药细胞系K562/A02为TTD作用的靶细胞。细胞水平检测实验分5组（K562组、K562/A02组、K562+ADM组、K562/A02+ADM组和K562/A02+TTD+ADM组）,采用MTT法检测TTD对K562和K562/A02细胞的非细胞毒性剂量,流式细胞术检测细胞内阿霉素(ADM)的浓度,基因、酶学、蛋白水平检测实验分3组（K562组、K562/A02组和K562/A02+TTD组）,采用RT-PCR法检测mdr1 mRNA的表达,免疫细胞化学方法检测谷胱甘肽S转移酶π（GST-π）和拓扑异构酶Ⅱ（Topo Ⅱ）的表达水平,Western-blotting法检测P-糖蛋白（P-gp）和bcl-2表达。结果：1.562 5 mg•L^-1的TTD处理K562/A02细胞后,细胞内ADM的浓度较单用ADM组明显提高（P<0.01）;与空白对照组比较,K562/A02细胞内mdr1 mRNA/P-gp的表达量减少（P<0.01）;GST-π和TopoⅡ表达无明显变化;凋亡抑制基因bcl-2的表达量减少（P<0.01）。结论:TTD主要通过增加细胞内ADM浓度,下调mdr1/P-gp和bcl-2表达逆转耐药。     

甲基莲心碱在K562/A02细胞对STI 571敏感性中的作用

目的:研究甲基莲心碱(Nef)在多药耐药白血病细胞K562/A02对STI 571敏感性中的作用，并探讨其逆转耐药的机制。方法:MTT法比较STI 571单独或与Nef联合应用对K562/A02细胞的抑制作用；RT-PCR法检测mdr1 mRNA转录水平及Western Blot法检测P-gp表达水平。结果:Nef与STI 571联合应用对K562/A02细胞增殖的抑制作用明显增强。单独应用STI 571对K562/A02细胞的IC50为3.02μmol/L，加Nef后,IC50为0.689μmol/L，逆转倍数为4.38倍(P＜0.05）。STI 571与Nef联合应用使mdr1 mRNA转录水平下调(45.4±2.5)%(P＜0.01)，使P-gp的表达下调40.58%(P＜0.05)。结论:甲基莲心碱能增强K562/A02细胞对STI 571的敏感性，下调其mdr1 mRNA的转录和阻断P-gp的表达，从而逆转白血病的多药耐药性。     

恶性造血细胞中P-gp 170表达的比较研究

目的:通过研究恶性造血细胞中P-糖蛋白(P-gp)170的表达,为骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)治疗提供P-gp 170低表达的体外细胞株模型。方法:用含0.1 mmol.L-1阿霉素的RPM I 1640分别培养MDS细胞株MUTZ-1和多药耐药(MDR)红白血病细胞株K562/A02。用MTT法检测细胞的增殖抑制作用,光镜和电镜技术分别观察与阿霉素共同培养后的MUTZ-1细胞和K562/A02细胞形态和超微结构,流式细胞仪分别测定MUTZ-1细胞和K562/A02细胞P-gp 170表达水平。结果:0.1 mmol.L-1阿霉素对MUTZ-1细胞增殖呈时间依赖性抑制作用,而对K562/A02细胞的增殖没有影响;MUTZ-1细胞出现典型的凋亡形态学改变,K562/A02细胞表面呈现出许多长的微绒毛和许多微孔;K562/A02细胞与MUTZ-1细胞相比高表达P-gp 170。结论:P-gp 170在恶性造血细胞中表达有显著性差异,P-gp 170低表达的MUTZ-1细胞株可用于MDS治疗的体外研究模型,P-gp 170高表达的K562/A02细胞株可用于MDR逆转的体外研究模型。     

Expression of the human multidrug resistance gene mdr1 in leukemic cells and its application in studying P-glycoprotein antagonists

Objective To explore the role of endothelin (ET) in the pathogenesis of exercise-induced asthma (EIA), we investigated the effects of ET(B) receptor antagonists, ET-1 (11-21)fragment and N-cis-2,6-dimethylpi-peridinocardonyl-L-γ-methylleucyl-D-1-methoxycarbonyl tryptophanyl-D-norleucine (BQ788) on broncho-constriction elicited by isocapnic hyperpnea in guinea pigs. Methods Eighteen pathogen-free Hartley guinea pigs were randomly divided into three groups. A: normal saline (NS) inhalation control group (n=6), B: BQ788 group (n=6), and C: ET-1(11-21) fragment group (n=6). Guinea pigs were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium. After measuring the basal value of lung resistance (R[L]) and dynamic compliance of the respiratory system (Cdyn), NS (0.96 ml), BQ788 (9 nmol) and ET-1(11-21)fragment (9 nmol) were inhaled. A rodent respirator with a dry 5%CO(2)-95%O(2) mixture at room temperature provided mechanical ventilation (V[T] 8 ml/animal, 100 breaths/min) for 5 min. R[L] and Cdyn of the 3 groups were measured again after isocapnic hyperpnea challenge. Results In the control group, isocapnic hyperpnea of dry gas elicited a marked increase in R[L] and decrease in Cdyn. R[L] and Cdyn of the guinea pigs from BQ788 group and ET-1(11-21)fragment group did not change significantly. Conclusion It was demonstrated that selective ET(B) receptor antagonists, ET-1(11-21) fragment and BQ788, inhibited the bronchoconstriction induced by isocapnic hyperpnea in guinea pigs. The data showed that ETs are potent constrictors of guinea pig airway smooth muscle via a direct effect on ET receptors. It was suggested that ET receptor antagonists, especially ET(B) receptor antagonist, might be beneficial in preventing EIA.     

用逆转录多聚酶链反应法检测多药耐药基因（mdr1）的表达

以长春新碱诱导的耐药细胞Ｋ５６２／ＶＣＲ和阿霉素诱导的耐药细胞Ｋ５６２／ＤＯＸ及敏感细胞Ｋ５６２作为检测对象，采用逆转录多聚酶链反应法，并且以β２－微球蛋白（β２ｍ）基因作为内参照，检测和比较了上述细胞的多药耐药基因ｍｄｒ１表达。经过３０个循环扩增，耐药细胞检测出ｍｄｒ１和β２ｍ基因的扩增产物，而敏感细胞无ｍｄｒ１扩增产物。结果提示，本方法可用以区分耐药和敏感细胞，有希望成为临床个体化疗敏感性预测的重要指标之一。     

STI571 combined with vincristine greatly suppressed the tumor formation of multidrug-resistant K562 cells in a human-nude mice xenograft model

Multidrug resistance (MDR), often associated with decreased intracellular drug accumulation in patient's tumor cells resulting from enhanced drug efflux,1 is a major obstacle to successful chemo- therapy in leukemia. It is related to the overexpression of a membrane protein, P- glycoprotein (P-170), thereby reducing drug cytotoxicity. For example, Philadelphia-chromo- some-positive (Ph+) chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is often resistant to chemotherapy in advanced phases because of the…     

Cytokine-induced killer cells showing multidrug resistance and remaining cytotoxic activity to tumor cells after transfected with mdr1 cDNA

Background Routine treatment of cancer such as surgery, radiation or chemotherapy is sometimes unable to erdiacate metastatic malignant cells. So we tried a new method and increased the adoptive immunotherapy of Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells in tumor patients and the multidrug resistance (mdrl) cDNA was transfected into CIK cells. Methods CIK cells were obtained from peripheral blood and induced by IFN-γ, anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, IL-2 and IL-1. CIK cells were transfected with plasmid PHaMDR containing human mdrl cDNA by electroporation. RT-PCR was used to detect mdrl mRNA in transfected CIK cells. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expressed on surface of CIK cells was assayed by FITC-conjugated anti-P-gp monoclonal antibody and flow cytometry. Multidrug resistance to doxorubicin and colchicine and cytotoxic activity to human breast cancer cell line MCF7 were performed using MTT method. Results mdrl mRNA was detected in transfected CIK cells. P-gp was expressed on the surface of the transfected CIK cells, and the P-gp positive cells reached 21%-37% of the total CIK cells after transfection. The IC50 to doxorubicin increased to 22.3-45.8 times, and that to colchicines to 6.7-11.35 times, as compared to those of untransfected CIK cells. However, the cytotoxic activity to MCF7 cell line remained unaltered. Conclusions CIK cells were successfully transfected with mdrl cDNA by using electroporation. The transfected CIK cells had the characteristics of multidrug resistance without change in their cytotoxic activity to tumor cells.     

亚砷酸对白血病K562/A02细胞的作用及机制

目的研究亚砷酸对白血病多药耐药细胞株K562/A02细胞的作用及对多药耐药基因1（mdr1）、P糖蛋白（P-gp）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）表达的影响,探讨亚砷酸逆转白血病多药耐药（MDR）的作用机制。方法将K562/A02细胞与不同浓度的亚砷酸（0、0.5、2.0、5.0μmol/L）共同孵育,分别在24、48、72h时,用Wrights染色法观察K562/A02细胞形态,流式细胞术（FCM）检测凋亡细胞,MTT法检测细胞增殖活性,RT-PCR法检测mdr1mRNA的表达,免疫组织化学法观察P-gp表达,并用ELISA法检测VEGF的浓度。结果随着亚砷酸作用浓度和时间的增加,K562/A02细胞的数目减少,并出现凋亡形态学改变,FCM显示随着作用浓度和时间的增加,细胞凋亡率逐渐上升;从作用48h组开始,mdr1mRNA及P-gp的表达出现显著降低（P〈0.05）,mdr1mRNA条带颜色较空白对照组明显变浅,mdrl/GAPDH灰度比值下降,此时,P-gp的灰度值上升,且随亚砷酸作用浓度和时间的增加,mdr1mRNA条带颜色进一步变浅,表达水平进一步下降;ELISA法检测表明从0.5μmol/L作用24h组开始,VEGF浓度即下降至405.02pg/mL（P〈0.05）,相同作用时间下以5.0μmol/L组较其它浓度组下调VEGF的作用最为显著。结论亚砷酸呈药物浓度-时间依赖性抑制K562/A02细胞增殖,诱导其凋亡,下调VEGF表达,有效抑制了mdrlmRNA的产生和P-gp的合成。     

人参皂苷单体Rb1对多药耐药细胞系K562／HHT细胞内柔红霉素浓度的影响

目的：探讨中药钙离子通道拮抗剂人参皂甙单体Rb1对白血病多药耐药细胞系（K562／HHT）细胞内柔红霉素浓度的影响。方法：细胞内柔红霉素浓度荧光测定法、细胞P－GP表达常规APAAP测定法、mdrl基因表达RT－PCR测定法等实验方法,探讨Rb1的逆转机理。结果：Rb1作用后K562／HHT细胞内DNR浓度增加（P＜0．01）。结论：K562／HHT是一种以P－GP介导的多药耐药细胞系,检测显示K562／HHT P－GP表达阳性率100％,并有很强的mdrl基因表达,提示Rb1通过抑制PGP外排药物功能,提高细胞内药物浓度,是Rbl逆转耐药作用的主要机理。     

The role of c-myc in regulating mdr1 gene expression in tumor cell line KB

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