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了解上海市7~18岁儿童青少年2000--2014年身体形态指标的变化趋势,为儿童青少年生长发育监测提供理论依据.方法 从200-2014年上海市学生体质与健康调研数据中,抽取7~18岁儿童青少年为研究对象,运用LMS法拟合儿童青少年身高、体重主要百分位数值及曲线,并观察其变化趋势.结果 14年间,男生P5,P15,P5o,P85,P95身高平均增幅分别为3.5,3.4,3.2,3.1,3.1 cm,女生分别为2.6,2.5,2.3,2.3,2.4 cm;男生P5,P15,P50,P85,P95体重平均增幅分别为3.3,3.9,5.3,7.4,9.2 kg,女生分别为2.2,2.5,3.3,4.6,5.8 kg.男女生体重平均增长幅度均为高百分位数大于低百分位数,身高则是低百分位数大于高百分位数(P值均<0.01);不同群体的身高最大增幅的出现年龄均提前,城市男生、城市女生、郊区男生生长最大发育年龄提前,提前幅度表现为郊区男生(0.45)>城市女生(0.35》城市男生(0.26).结论 上海市儿童青少年身体形态正经历生长发育的长期变化趋势,需注意身高、体重不同百分位数人群增长特点. 相似文献
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用LMS法建立西安市0~18岁儿童青少年身高百分位数曲线 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 年龄别百分位数曲线是生长标准的最科学的表现形式,本文研究一种适用于各种分布,能更精确描述这些基本参数随年龄变化的曲线平滑方法。 方法 采用LMS(λ—中位数—变异系数) 法对西安市0~18 岁儿童青少年身高百分位数进行拟合。 结果 计算了城男、城女、乡男、乡女的年龄别λ( L) ,中位数( M) ,变异系数(S) 值,给出了各组的百分位数曲线图。 结论 LMS 法用于拟合身高百分位数,结果非常满意 相似文献
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「目的」构建儿童生长发育的标准曲线。「方法」利用光骨样条非参数模型和百分位数法,在6.11版SAS软件包上对香港地区0 ̄7岁儿童体重的百分位数标准曲线进行构建。「结果」构建了香港地区0 ̄7岁儿童体重生长发育百分位数曲线、体重生长速度和生长加速度曲线,而且加权光滑样条的拟合优度和光滑度均高于不加权光滑样条。「结论」非参数模型能够最佳地兼顾似合优度和光滑度,改进了经典LS法,可作为生长曲线拟合的一种优 相似文献
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目的针对儿童生长发育评价参考标准制定中的问题,探讨应用偏度系数-中位数-变异系数法(coeffi-cient of skewness-median-coefficient of variation,LMS)拟合儿童青少年生长曲线的SAS实现方法。方法根据LMS方法原理,通过编写SAS程序和菜单操作拟合儿童青少年生长发育百分位数曲线。通过将本文方法拟合结果与实际值以及LMS方法专用软件(LMSchartmaker)拟合结果相比较,研究两种软件拟合结果的一致性以及与实际值的符合情况。结果给出了LMS的SAS实现方法 ,拟合的我国0~18岁儿童青少年身高百分位数曲线与实际值以及LMSchartmaker软件的一致性良好。结论使用SAS编程结合菜单操作可以实现LMS曲线拟合,为实际工作者应用LMS方法提供了方便。 相似文献
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目的 年龄别百分位数曲线是生长标准的最科学的表现形成,本文研究一种适用于各种分布,能更精确描述这些基本参数随年龄变化曲线平滑方法。方法 采用LMS(γ-中位数-变系数)法对西安市0~18岁儿童青少年身高百分位数进行拟合。结果 计算了城男、城女、乡男、乡女的年龄别γ(L),中位数(M),变异系数(S)值,给出了各组的百分位数曲线图。结论 LMS法用于拟合身高百分位数,结果非常满意。 相似文献
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采用LMS法拟合北京市6~18岁儿童青少年体脂率百分位数参考值曲线,为进一步制订儿童青少年体脂率肥胖判定标准及儿童青少年肥胖的监测提供参考依据.方法 在北京地区抽取7 435名6~18岁儿童青少年,采用生物电阻抗方法(BIA,Inbody230)对北京市7 435名6~18岁儿童青少年进行身体成分测定,应用LMS chartmaker软件分别拟合男女生体脂率随年龄变化的百分位数曲线图.以P3,P10,P15,P20,P25,P50,P75,P80,P85,P90,P97作为参考曲线.结果 6~12岁儿童青少年在相同年龄段内男女生体脂率性别差异较小,但13~18岁男女生体脂率存在性别差异(P值均<0.01).百分位数曲线显示,6~11岁男生体脂率随年龄缓慢增长,11 ~ 15岁明显下降,15岁以后保持平稳状态,而女生体脂率在6~18岁呈现随年龄增长而持续增长的趋势.结论 用LMS方法构建的体脂率百分位数曲线可正确反映儿童青少年生长发育的规律.普及LMS方法对于制订与健康体质相关的儿童青少年百分位数标准具有重要意义. 相似文献
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目的 建立适合上海市儿童青少年生长发育特点的年龄别腰围、腰围指数的百分位数及曲线,为科学评价儿童青少年生长发育水平及中心性肥胖的防治提供参考.方法 以2010年上海市学生体质健康调研的7 ~18岁中小学生14 301名为样本,应用国际通用的LMS法分性别建立年龄别腰围、腰围指数正常值及百分位数曲线.结果 腰围百分位数曲线随年龄增长呈递增趋势,符合儿童青少年生长发育规律;腰围指数的P50百分位数曲线具有明显性别差异,7 ~12岁男生逐年上升,且高于女生,自13岁开始经交叉后低于女生.获得上海市7 ~18岁儿童青少年男女年龄别腰围、腰围指数百分位数(P5,P10,P15,P50,P85,P95,P95)及曲线.结论 儿童青少年年龄别腰围、腰围指数百分位数存在地区、性别差异.本研究所获得的百分位数及曲线可为进一步研究儿童青少年中心性肥胖提供基本数据. 相似文献
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医疗服务操作分类与编码是医学信息标准化的重要组成部分,是临床数据提取、分析和应用的基础。世界卫生组织及世界多国一直致力于开发、更新和维护此分类与编码。我国此前一直沿袭美国准备在2014年停止使用的ICD-9-CM-3(卷3),中国需要结合国际主流设计思路,根据国情开发出适宜的多轴、一体化的医疗服务操作分类与编码体系。 相似文献
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环境中双酚A的污染及降解去除的研究进展 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
近10年来随着科学与社会的发展,环境雌激素污染日益引起人们的关注。双酚A是环境雌激素的一种,用途广泛,但具有多方面的毒性。对其毒理、污染及降解去除的研究已经成为国际上的研究热点。该文拟对上述几方面的研究进展情况作一简要介绍。 相似文献
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主要就引起卵巢黄体功能不健的因素 ,分别从激素调节、细胞因子 (VEGF、TNF α、BFGF、IFN γ、IGF)、C myc、Fas、SGP 2基因调控以及细胞连接、细胞粘附分子、NO等对卵巢功能的调节及对黄体细胞的凋亡影响进行阐述 ,认为卵泡发育不良、颗粒细胞、黄体细胞的凋亡与黄体功能不足有密切的关系。且多种细胞因子、基因表达产物参与此过程的调控。深入的研究这一调控机制 ,对于进一步了解卵巢卵泡生长发育、卵泡闭锁及黄体细胞凋亡的内在机制有重要意义 相似文献
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A group of 101 women, aged 40-65 years consisted of 48 premenopausal subjects and 53 postmenopausal ones living in Daegu and Gyeongbuk area in Korea were evaluated with their general characteristics, lifestyle factors, nutrient and phytoestrogen intakes, blood and urinary indices concerning antioxidant status and bone metabolism. Body mass index (BMI), waist hip ratio (WHR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) of the postmenopausal women were significantly higher (23.8, 0.86, and 126.9 mmHg, respectively) than those of the premenopausal women (22.6, 0.82, and 115.9 mmHg; respectively). Nutrient intakes of the postmenopausal and premenopausal groups were not different except lower fat intake and higher dietary fiber and iron intakes in the postmenopausal group. Daily total phytoestrogen intake was significantly higher in the postmenopausal group (48.54 mg) than the premenopausal (31.41 mg) and was resulted mostly from higher intakes of daidzein and genistein from soy and soy products (45.42 mg vs 28.91 mg). Serum genistein level and excretion of enterolactone, major lignan metabolite, were not very different between the two groups. Serum retinal and α- tocopherol levels were higher in the postmenopausal group but TBARS levels were not different between the two groups. Serum osteocalcin (7.18 ng/mL) and urinary deoxypyridinoline (7.15 nmol/mmol creatinine), in the postmenopausal group were significantly higher than those in the premenopausal group (4.80 ng/mL, 5.95 nmol/mmol creatinine). Urinary excretion of enterolactone was positively correlated with serum osetocalcin in premenopausal women and serum genistein negatively correlated with the urinary DPD in postmenopausal women. Dietary phytoestrogen intake was negatively correlated with serum level of TBARS in all subjects. It is concluded that the effect of total phytoestrogen intake is beneficial on body antioxidant status in all middle-aged women regardless of menopause but the effect on bone metabolism appears different by the type of the phytoestrogen and the menopausal state. 相似文献
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Background/aim: Grip strength is useful in clinical practice for the assessment of disease and/or rehabilitation progression. Brief maximal gripping is seldom required in everyday occupations, with repeated or sustained gripping at sub‐maximal power more commonly involved. It has been proposed that assessment of both maximal hand‐grip force and endurance is utilised. While the suitability of maximal contraction measures has been clearly established, the reliability and validity of other hand‐grip indices have not been investigated. This study examined the reliability of various hand‐grip indices and their validity in relation to distance walked during the six‐minute walk test, a standardised exercise capacity test. Methods: Subjects undertook static sub‐maximal (50%) and maximal force contraction hand‐grip testing from which various indices were derived, and six‐minute walk testing from which distance walked was determined. Testing was repeated on three separate occasions for determination of test–retest reliability. Results: Pre‐ and post‐fatigue maximal contraction measurements demonstrated excellent test–retest reliability and validity. Conversely, other hand‐grip indices were shown to be unreliable and exhibited no relationship with distance walked and hence concurrent validity could not be established. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that pre‐ and post‐fatigue maximal contraction may be utilised for the assessment of client ability and progression due to their established validity and test–retest reliability. However, previously proposed measures of fatigue such as endurance (duration of sustained contraction), Strength Decrement Index and work performed (function of endurance and force of contraction) are unreliable and invalid and may have limited use in clinical practice. 相似文献
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