吡咯烷二硫氨基甲酸酯对犬心肌线粒体损伤的保护作用

目的观察吡咯烷二硫氨基甲酸酯（PDTC）对体外循环（extracorporeal circulation，ECC）中犬心肌线粒体损伤的保护作用。方法12只犬随机分为对照组（C组，n=6）和PDTC组（P组，n=6），腹腔内注射戊巴比妥钠25ms／kg麻醉后建立ECC心肌缺血再灌注模型。P组于ECC前静脉注射PDTC20mg／kg，C组静脉注射等量生理盐水。分别于ECC前、阻断主动脉60min、开放主动脉30min和60min时，测定心肌线粒体超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—PX）、丙二醛（MDA）、总抗氧化能力（T—AOC）和线粒体肿胀度（MSD）。结果与ECC前比较，两组阻断主动脉后SOD、GSH—PX及T—AOC均降低（P〈0．01），MDA和MSD含量均升高；开放主动脉后C组SOD、GSH—PX及T—AOC均降低（P〈0．01），MSD和MDA含量均升高（P〈0．01）；P组在开放主动脉60min时SOD、GSH—PX、T—AOC、MSD和MDA含量差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。P组在阻断主动脉60min时和开放主动脉后SOD、GSH—PX及T—AOC均显著高于C组（P〈0．01），MSD和MDA含量均显著低于C组（P〈0．01）。结论ECC中使用PDTC可提高心肌线粒体抗氧化能力，减轻心肌线粒体损伤。     

苦参碱对高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢和抗氧化能力的影响

目的观察苦参碱对实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢及其抗氧化能力的影响。方法采用高脂饲料喂养健康SD大鼠4周，筛选成模高血脂大鼠，给予苦参碱（50、100和200mg／kg·d）连续灌胃4周，观察其对高血脂大鼠血脂值及抗氧化能力的影响。结果苦参碱可明显降低高脂血症大鼠血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三脂（TG）、动脉硬化指数（AI）（P〈0．05，P〈0．01），提高机体超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—PX）活性并降低丙二醛（MDA）的含量（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）。结论苦参碱可降低实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂；抑制脂质过氧化，增强抗氧化能力．     

黄芩素对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤保护作用

目的：观察黄芩素（Bai）对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用，并进一步探讨其作用机制。方法：结扎大鼠左冠状动脉前降支制备心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型。比色法检测大鼠血清中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）和髓过氧化物酶（MPO）水平；显微镜镜下观察心肌坏死程度。结果：与模型组比．Bai能降低血清中LDH、MDA、MPO含量（P〈0．05，0．01，0．001），提高血清中SOD含量（P〈0．05，0．01），减轻心肌坏死程度。结论：Bai对心肌缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用，作用机制可能与抗氧化、减少心肌酶的漏出有关。     

表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对缺血再灌注损伤大鼠心肌脂质过氧化及心肌酶活性的影响

目的：观察表没食子儿茶表没食子酸酯（EGCG）对缺血再灌注损伤大鼠心肌脂质过氧化及心肌酶活性的影响。方法：雄性Wistar大鼠50只分为5组，假手术组、缺血再灌注组（IR），丹参（SM，100mg/kg）组，EGCG1（10mg/kg)组和EGCG2（20mg/kg）组，每组10只动物，采用结扎大鼠左冠状动脉前降支30min后再灌注60min的方法建立在体缺血再灌注损伤模型，分别测定心肌丙二醛（MDA）含量，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）及ATP酶活性和血浆乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）水平。结果：与假手术组比，IR组大鼠心肌MDA及血浆LDH明显升高，SOD及ATP酶活性则显著降低（P＜0．01）；EGCG和SM均能显著，降低MDA与LDH，明显增加SOD与ATP酶活性（与IR组比，P＜0．01），并且EGCG（20mg/kg)，降低MDA与LDH的作用较SM（100mg/kg)更明显（P＜0．05）。结论：EGCG通过抑制脂过氧化反应和提高心肌SOD与ATP酶活性，对大鼠缺血再灌注损伤心肌有显著的保护作用。     

内源性硫化氢在大鼠心力衰竭中的变化及作用

目的：观察心肌内源性硫化氢生成的变化及外源性给予硫化氢供体NariS对心肌损伤的影响，以探讨硫化氢在心力衰竭中的病理生理意义。方法：结扎冠状动脉前降支诱导大鼠心力衰竭，腹腔给予外源性H2S治疗；HE染色检测心肌损伤程度；亚甲基蓝法测定硫化氢浓度；TBA法测定血浆和心肌腊质过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）含量；自动生化分析仪检测血清天门冬氨酸氨基转换酶（AST）、磷酸肌酸激酶（CPK）及乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性。结果：大鼠冠状动脉结扎导致严重心肌损伤；血浆和心肌组织H2S生成显著减少（P〈0．001）；血浆和心肌MDA含量明显增加（P〈0．05）。血浆AST、CPK和LDH活性显著增加（P〈0．05）。给予NaHS治疗后，心肌损伤程度明显减轻；血浆和心肌MDA含量明显降低（P〈0．05）；血浆AST、CPK和LDH活性显著降低（P〈0．05）。结论：H2S可通过减少血浆和心肌MDA的生成而对大鼠心肌缺血导致的心力衰竭具有保护作用。     

红景天苷对疲劳小鼠氧化损伤的保护作用

目的：探讨红景天苷对疲劳小鼠氧化损伤保护作用的机制。方法：32只昆明种雄性小鼠按体质量随机分为正常对照组、红景天苷组、运动组及红景天苷＋运动组。红景天苷组及红景天苷牟运动组小鼠予红景天苷180mg／（kg·d）灌胃给药,正常对照组及运动组予相同体积[0．02mL／（g·d）]蒸馏水灌胃,连续灌胃15d。末次给药后30min,运动组及红景天苷＋运动组小鼠无负重游泳120min。游泳后立即取材,全自动生化仪检测血浆乳酸脱氢酶（lactate dehydrogenase,LDH）、肌酸激酶（creatine kinase,CK）及肌酸激酶同工酶MB（creatine kinase—myocardial band isoenzyme,CK—MB）活性;采用试剂盒检测肝组织匀浆中过氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase,GSH—Px）活性和丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）含量;电子显微镜观察心肌和骨骼肌超微结构变化。结果：与不运动比较,长时间运动可明显提高小鼠血浆LDH、CK、CK—MB活性（P〈0．01,P〈0．05）,而红景天苷可降低小鼠血浆CK及CK—MB活性（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）;红景天苷与长时间运动有交互作用,红景天苷可拮抗长时间运动导致的血浆LDH、CK及CK—MB活性升高（P〈0．05）。与不运动比较,长时间运动可显著降低小鼠血浆SOD及GSH—Px活性（P〈0．01）,升高小鼠血浆MDA含量（P〈0．01）;红景天苷可明显升高小鼠血浆SOD及GSH—Px活性（P〈0．01,P〈0．05）,显著降低小鼠血浆MDA含量（P〈0．01）;红景天苷可拮抗长时间运动导致的小鼠血浆SOD活性降低（P〈0．05）。电子显微镜结果表明长时间耐力运动后骨骼肌和心肌出现明显的损伤,运动组小鼠骨骼肌及心肌超微结构损伤较红景天苷＋运动组明显。结论：红景天苷对运动所导致的氧化损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

康欣胶囊简化补肾方对雄性SD大鼠抗氧化功能和生长激素的影响

为研究康欣胶囊简化补肾方对大龄雄性SD大鼠抗氧化功能和生长激素的影响，采用雄性SD大鼠随机分组。分别给予灌服康欣胶囊和康欣胶囊简化补肾方，检测血浆SOD、GSH—PX酶活力，用ELISA法检测SD大鼠血浆的GH水平。结果：康欣胶囊简化补肾方给药可提高大龄雄性SD大鼠血浆SOD活力、GSH—PX活力和GH水平（P〈0．05），还可提高年轻SD大鼠SOD和GSH—PX活力（P〈0．05），说明康欣胶囊简化补肾方可提高大龄雄性SD大鼠抗氧化功能和生长激素水平。     

绞股蓝总皂甙对严重烫伤大鼠脑、心、肾组织SOD、GSH-PX、MDA、LDH和ATPase含量的影响

目的：观察严重烫伤大鼠脑、心、肾组织超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—PX）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、丙二醛（MDA）、ATPase含量的变化及绞股蓝总皂甙（GP）防治作用。方法：选用健康Wistar大鼠85只,随机分成①正常对照组（5只）;②烫伤对照组（40只,10％水合氯醛腹腔麻醉,颈、背部脱毛,浸入100℃沸水中16s造成40％Ⅲ度烫伤）;③烫伤治疗组（40只,烫伤后立即腹腔注射GP（50mg／kg）,以后每8小时重复一次）。烫伤后分别于4、8、24、48h几个不同时相点（每个时相点10只）取出脑、心、肾组织分别制成匀浆,测定SOD、GSH—PX、LDH、MDA、ATPase的含量。结果：烫伤后脑、心、肾组织中SOD、GSH—PX、ATPase含量呈进行性下降,LDH、MDA的含量明显上升,各时相点与正常对照组比较有显著性差异（P＜0．01）。采用绞股蓝治疗后,SOD、GSH—PX、ATPase逐渐回升,LDH、MDA的含量明显下降,各时相点与烫伤对照组比较有显著性差异（P＜0.01）。结论：严重烫伤对脑、心、肾组织有损害作用。胶股蓝能够提高机体的抗氧化能力,降低LDH的释放,抑制脂质过氧化产物的形成,对膜结构有明显保护作用。     

益母草对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤影响及机制的实验研究

目的：探讨益母草注射液对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及机制。方法：60只SD大鼠被随机分为3组：假手术组、缺血再灌注损伤（IR）组、益母草注射液治疗（LJI）组。建立大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型，检测血清SOD、MDA、LDH和CK水平，观察心律失常及心肌损伤的形态学改变。结果：与IR组比较，LJI组SOD活力显著升高（P〈0．01），MDA、LDH和CK含量显著降低（P〈0.01），心律失常发生率（P〈0.01）及形态学改变（P〈0．05）均显著减轻。结论：益母草注射液对缺血再灌注损伤的心肌有保护作用，对缺血再灌注诱发的心律失常亦有治疗作用。其机制可能与增加SOD活性、增强心肌抗氧化能力、稳定生物膜有关。     

氧化苦参碱对兔阿霉素心肌损伤保护作用及其机制研究

目的通过建立兔在体阿霉素（ADR）心肌损伤模型,研究氧化苦参碱（OMT）注射液对兔ADR损伤心肌功能的保护作用,并探索其可能机制。方法26只新西兰大白兔随机分为4组,均经耳缘静脉缓慢注药,每周1次,共8周。①ADR组（n=8）：注射2mg／kg ADR;②OMT组（n=5）：10mg／kgOMT。③ADR＋OMT组（n=8）：每次注射ADR前30min,先注射10mg／kgOMT;④生理盐水（NS）组：以相同方法注射等量生理盐水。TUNEL法原位定性检测心肌细胞凋亡情况。心肌组织匀浆测定超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）活性。结果ADR组用药后体质量明显低于其他组（P〈0．05）,SOD和GSH—Px活性明显降低（P〈0．05）,凋亡指数（AI）明显高于其他组（P〈0．01）。ADR＋OMT组也有相似改变,但是程度较轻,且两组之间差异有统计学意义。OMT组动物未观察到任何不良反应。结论苦参对ADR心肌损伤具有明显保护作用,机制可能与苦参抗氧自由基和减少心肌细胞凋亡有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.