大鼠骨髓EPC的体外培养和生物学特性鉴定

目的 体外培养、诱导大鼠骨髓内皮祖细胞(EPC),观察EPC的生长特性,并进行鉴定.方法 冲洗大鼠长骨骨髓,用密度梯度离心法收集单个核细胞层,观察细胞在碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)诱导体系下生长情况并与未诱导组比较,对培养细胞进行免疫细胞化学检测.于培养3、7、14天采用流式细胞仪检测CD133 /Flk-1 双标记阳性细胞百分率.结果 贴壁细胞呈现团簇样生长、线样排列特殊形态.免疫细胞化学检测贴壁细胞CD133、CD34、Flk-1、Ⅷ因子(vWF)呈阳性表达.流式细胞检测结果显示,各个时间点诱导组CD133 /Flk-1 双标记阳性细胞百分率明显高于未诱导组(P＜0.01).结论 用密度梯度离心法在bFGF培养体系下可以获得较高纯度的EPC,该细胞具有内皮细胞的特性,经过体外诱导可以分化为内皮细胞.     

大鼠骨髓源内皮祖细胞分离和培养

目的:研究大鼠骨髓源内皮祖细胞(EPCs)分离、培养以及诱导向内皮细胞分化的方法。方法:采用密度梯度离心法从大鼠骨髓中分离单个核细胞,经贴壁后定向诱导培养2周。以CD34、CD133、VEGFR-2、vWF免疫细胞化学、荧光染色法以及Dil-acLDL结合FITC-UEA-1双荧光染色法鉴定EPCs。结果:贴壁细胞经培养诱导后3d开始伸展,4~7 d形成细胞集落,10~21 d增殖加速呈典型的"鹅卵石"样外观,并出现条索状结构且呈"微血管样"排列生长。细胞免疫荧光染色鉴定CD34、CD133、VEGFR-2、vWF阳性,Dil-acLDL联合FITC-UEA-1双染阳性。结论:从大鼠骨髓中分离单个核细胞,体外诱导培养后可以表现出部分内皮细胞的特征。     

骨髓源性血管内皮祖细胞的分离培养及鉴定

目的：探索大鼠骨髓源性血管内皮祖细胞（endothelial progenitor cells,EPCs）的培养、诱导分化及鉴定方法。力法：取大鼠股骨并冲洗骨髓腔,梯度密度离心法获单个核细胞后内皮细胞培养液培养,通过细胞形态、免疫组化和免疫荧光检测CD34、vWF、CD133、VSF,以及摄取DiL-aeLDL的能力进行鉴定。结果：新分离的骨髓单个核细胞呈圆形,2d后细胞贴壁,呈梭形或纺锤形,7d呈集落或线状排列,10d接近融合,呈鹅卵石样排列;贴壁细胞CD34、ⅧF、vWF、CD133均表达阳性,能摄取Dil-acLDL并结合FITC-Lectin-UEA-1。结论：从大鼠骨髓中分离出EPCs,并初步建立了骨髓溽性EPCs分离培养、诱导分化及鉴定方法。     

大鼠骨髓来源内皮祖细胞的分离培养及鉴定

目的建立体外分离培养及鉴定大鼠骨髓来源内皮祖细胞（endothelialprogenitorcells,EPCs）的方法。方法采用密度梯度离心法从大鼠骨髓中分离得到骨髓单个核细胞,并结合差时贴壁法,收集24h后未贴壁细胞,然后用添加有多种细胞因子的内皮细胞基础培养基（endothelial basal medium,EBM-2）诱导培养获取EPCs。通过形态学观察、CD133和VEGFR-2抗体免疫荧光染色并结合FITC-UEA-1和Dil—ae—LDL的摄取功能来对EPCs进行鉴定分析,同时通过体外管样结构形成能力对EPCs进行功能性评价。结果在EBM-2培养基中诱导培养7d后,出现类似于血岛样的细胞集落,集落中央的细胞呈圆形,周边的细胞呈放射状;80％以上的细胞都是CD133＋／VEGFR＋2＋细胞,并且这些细胞同时能够摄取Dil-ac—LDL和结合FITC-UEA-1;EPCs在基质胶表面形成管腔样结构。结论密度梯度离心法结合差时贴壁法从骨髓中分离获得的单个核细胞,然后经EBM-2条件培养基诱导培养可获得较高纯度的EPCs。     

体外诱导兔骨髓单个核细胞向血管内皮细胞分化的研究

目的 :研究体外培养兔骨髓单个核细胞 (bonemarrowmononuclearcells,BM MNCs)诱导分化为内皮系细胞。方法 :穿刺抽取兔骨髓 ,经密度梯度离心与免疫磁珠法富集的BM MNCs ,于内皮细胞条件培养基 (endothelialgrowthmedium ,EGM )中培养 2月 ,观察细胞的贴壁情况、形态变化及其血管内皮细胞特异性标志的表达。 结果 :培养第 3d开始出现梭形贴壁细胞 ,约第 7d出现团状聚集细胞集落 ;第 7～ 10d的贴壁细胞表达vWF、CD31,摄取acLDL ,分泌NO。贴壁细胞传代培养 10代后接近融合 ,细胞扩增了约 10 0 0倍。结论 :在一定条件下 ,体外培养BM MNCs可增殖诱导分化得到内皮系细胞。     

原发性高血压条件下骨髓来源内皮祖细胞数量及功能的变化

目的了解原发性高血压对体外培养骨髓来源内皮祖细胞（EPC）数量及功能的影响。方法将自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）分为6、12周龄组,以同周龄正常血压Wistar-Kyoto（WKY）大鼠为对照。以密度梯度离心法分离骨髓来源单个核细胞体外培养．差速贴壁法培养7d后收集贴壁细胞并行鉴定为骨髓来源内皮祖细胞,测定EPC数量、细胞增殖活力（MTT法）、NO分泌及细胞凋亡率。结果6周龄SHR骨髓来源EPC数量与6周龄WKY大鼠比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,细胞增殖能力、NO分泌能力受损（P〈0．05）,凋亡率稍增多但差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。12周龄SHR骨髓来源EPC数量与12周龄WKY大鼠比较明显减少（P〈0．01）,细胞增殖能力、NO分泌能力受损（P〈0．01）,凋亡增多（P〈0．05）。结论随着SHR血压升高和原发性高血压病程延长．骨髓来源内皮祖细胞数量减少。功能减退,凋亡增多。     

大鼠外周血内皮祖细胞体外向内皮细胞诱导分化时的表型变化特征

目的 研究大鼠外周血内皮祖细胞(EPC)体外分化为内皮细胞的过程中,干细胞标志物以及内皮细胞表型的变化.方法 取SD大鼠外周血,应用Ficoll密度梯度离心的方法获得单个核细胞,体外培养于纤连蛋白处理的培养皿中,同时应用VEGF和bFGF诱导,使之向内皮细胞转化,用免疫组织化学方法检测细胞CD31、CD34、Flk-1、vWF在第1～7天的表达.结果 贴壁细胞的CD31、CD34、Flk-1、vWF在不同时段呈不同程度的表达.干细胞的标志物CD31、CD34的表达逐步减弱,第6天时消失.内皮标志物Flk-1和 vWF表达逐步增强,第7天时达100%.结论 大鼠外周血干细胞向内皮祖细胞分化的过程中,干细胞标志物逐渐消失,内皮细胞的表型逐步显现.     

缺氧条件下大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞对共培养的人间充质干细胞分化的影响

目的 探讨缺氧条件下大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞(brain microvascular endotheiial cells,BMECs)对人间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)分化的影响.方法 分离、培养并鉴定人骨髓MSCs和大鼠BMECs,在正常和缺氧两种条件下,分别以间接和直接共培养两种方式对MSCs进行诱导分化,用流式细胞术和免疫荧光细胞化学法观察和分析诱导后MSCs的胎肝激酶-1(fetal liver kinase-1,Flk-1)和血管性血友病因子(von Willebrand factor,vWF)的表达.结果 正常间接共培养未能诱导MSCs表达vWF和Flk-1蛋白,缺氧间接共培养和正常条件下的直接共培养均能诱导MSCs开始表达Flk-1蛋白,而vWF染色仍为阴性,缺氧条件下直接共培养表达Flk-1蛋白的MSCs比正常条件增多,而且部分Flk-1阳性细胞开始同时表达vWF蛋白.结论 BMECs能够通过细胞直接接触诱导共培养的MSCs开始向内皮分化,缺氧条件下的直接共培养BMECs能诱导更多的MSCs更彻底地向内皮分化.     

内皮祖细胞灌注供心延长心脏移植物存活时间的实验研究

 目的 研究供体内皮祖细胞（endotherial progenitor cell， EPC）灌注供心对同种异体心脏移植物生存时间的影响。方法 获取Sprague Dawley （SD）大鼠的骨髓细胞，通过密度梯度离心法分离培养单个核细胞，取贴壁细胞选择性诱导培养2周以上，获取内皮祖细胞（EPC）。以Dil-ac-LDL、FITC-UEA-1双荧光染色法鉴定EPC。20只体重200～250g的雄性SD大鼠为供体，20只体重200～250g的雌性Wistar大鼠为受体，分为4组，每组5对。组I：术后不使用环胞霉素；组II：术后7d每天使用环胞霉素5mg/kg；组III：术中供心经冠脉灌注内皮祖细胞1×106个，术后不使用环胞霉素；组IV：术中供心经冠脉灌注内皮祖细胞，术后7d每天使用环胞霉素5mg/kg。观察各组供心存活时间。结果 贴壁细胞经诱导培养后3d开始伸展，5d形成集落，7~10d增殖加速并出现条索状结构，2周大部分细胞呈多角形。Dil-ac-LDL、FITC-UEA-1双染，免疫荧光染色阳性率大于70％。组I、II、III、IV各组供心平均存活时间分别为6.2±0.8、11.6±1.1、9.4±1.1和18.8±1.6d。组II、III、IV移植物的平均存活时间较组I显著延长（P<0.05）。结论 内皮祖细胞灌注合并环胞霉素运用可以延长大鼠心脏移植物的存活时间。     

大鼠骨髓内皮祖细胞的体外扩增培养

目的探讨建立体外培养内皮祖细胞（EPC）的方法。方法通过密度梯度分离法从大鼠骨髓中分离单个核细胞,培养7 d后,行Dil-acLDL和FITC-UEA-1双荧光染色,并行流式细胞检测及细胞迁移实验。结果细胞培养7 d后,可见梭形细胞呈优势生长,Dil-acLDL与FITC-UEA-1荧光标记的双阳性细胞占细胞总数的比例为82.7%±5.1,培养第10天开始出现铺路石样细胞集落,培养后第7、14天CD34阳性细胞所占的比例分别为（32.3±3.2）%、（39.2±4.4）%（t=5.18,P〈0.01）,FLK-1阳性细胞所占的比例分别为（28.7±3.2）%、（44.5±3.8）%（t=5.32,P〈0.01）。培养7 d后迁移至膜下层的EPC数为（10.4±1.9）个,培养14 d后迁移至膜下层的EPC数为（11.8±2.5）个（t=0.83,P〉0.05）。结论分离大鼠骨髓单个核细胞,用选择性内皮生长体系培养EPC,再通过细胞免疫及细胞功能检测所分离的细胞,是一种较为良好的分离与鉴定EPC的方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.