磁性化疗纳米粒治疗大鼠移植性肝癌

目的：通过对移植性肝癌模型大鼠肝动脉注射磁性阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒,并在肝肿瘤区加磁场,观察磁性阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒对移植性肝癌的治疗效果。方法：建立大鼠移植性肝癌模型,将肿瘤模型大鼠分为4组。肝动脉注射生理盐水6只;肝动脉注射游离阿霉素0．5mg/kg6只;肝动脉注射磁性阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒（相当于0．5mg/kg阿霉素）6只;肝动脉注射磁性阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒（相当于0．5mg/kg阿霉素）,肝肿瘤区加磁场6只,各组动物肝动脉注药后,生存超过1周者,记录生存天数,生存期满60d者则处死,取肿瘤组织作病理切片观察,各组动物进行生存率分析。结果：生理盐水治疗组：生存期平均为23．5d;游离阿霉素治疗组,生存期为22．5d;纳米粒不加磁场治疗组,生存期平均为36．2d;纳米粒加磁场治疗组有3只动物到60d仍存活,最短存活期为48d。对各组动物进行生存率分析,并作Logrank检验发现,生理盐水治疗组与游离阿霉素治疗组生存期无统计学差异。磁性阿霉素蛋白纳米粒治疗,肿瘤区不加磁场组动物较生理盐水治疗组和游离阿霉素组肿瘤组织无明显变化,生存60d大鼠肿瘤组织病理切片发现肿瘤已完全由纤维和无结构的组织所代替。结论：肝动脉注射游离阿霉素对移植性肝肿瘤大鼠生存无明显改善,肝动脉注射磁性阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒,肿瘤区不加磁场,可以延长动物生存期（P＜0．05）,肝动脉注射磁性阿霉素白蛋白纳米粒,肿瘤区加磁场治疗组较瘤区不加磁场治疗组生存期明显延长（P＜0．05）。     

聚糖纳米粒阿霉素对移植瘤小鼠的体内抑瘤作用探讨

目的:探讨聚糖纳米粒载导的阿霉素移植瘤小鼠的体内抑瘤作用。方法:利用研制的聚乳酸阿霉素纳米粒对移植瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用,并选取生理盐水、空白脂质体以及游离阿霉素作为对照组,观察各组体内抑瘤情况。结果:聚乳酸阿霉素纳米粒组动物平均瘤重较对应游离阿霉素组明显减轻,药物抑瘤率显著提高(P<0.05),两组治疗组较生理盐水对照组、空白脂质体对照组抑瘤率有显著提高(P<0.05),而空白脂质体组与生理盐水对照组抑瘤率无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:聚糖纳米粒阿霉素对移植瘤小鼠的体内抑瘤作用较游离阿霉素效果显著,作用时间更持续长久。     

游离表阿霉素与表阿霉素聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒治疗大鼠移植性肝癌的对照研究

目的观察表阿霉素和表阿霉素聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒对移植性肝癌的治疗效果。方法建立SD大鼠移植性肝癌动物模型36只,从中随机取12只,暴露肝脏,游标卡尺测定肿瘤的长短径,为治疗前的肿瘤体积。并将余下肿瘤模型大鼠随机分为2组,每组12只。游离表阿霉素组(EPI组)每只尾静脉给表阿霉素1.67 mg.kg-1。表阿霉素聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒组(EPI-PBCA-NP组)每只尾静脉给表阿霉素聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒(相当于表阿霉素1.67 mg.kg-1)。1周后记录肿瘤治疗后的生长率、肿瘤的坏死范围、存活天数、生命延长率。结果治疗后两组间肿瘤体积存在差异性(P<0.01),EPI-PACA-NP组肿瘤体积和肿瘤生长率显著低于EPI组(P<0.01)。病理切片见EPI组仍有瘤细胞增生,轻度坏死和中度坏死各占一半。EPI-PACA-NP组可见肿块里有大面积无核结构,纤维组织替代,以重度坏死为主,无轻度坏死。以EPI组为对照组,EPI-PACA-NP组大鼠的生命延长率为80.95%,EPI-PACA-NP组大鼠生存天数比EPI组显著延长(P<0.01)。结论尾静脉注射EPI-PACA-NP组肿瘤生长率明显降低、生命延长率显著提高。     

表阿霉素脂质体纳米粒治疗大鼠移植性肝癌的实验研究

目的 通过对移植肝癌模型大鼠肝动脉注射表阿霉素脂质体纳米粒,观察表阿霉素脂质体纳米粒对移植性肝癌的治疗效果.方法 建立大鼠移植性肝癌动物模型,并将肿瘤模型大鼠随机分为3组,每组20只.大鼠正中开腹,暴露肝脏,游标卡尺测定肿瘤的长短径;肝动脉插管固定;依次分组给药.各组动物肝动脉注药后生存超过一周者,记录生存天数.一周后再次开腹,测定并记录肿瘤的生长率、肿瘤的坏死范围及生命延长率.结果 治疗前各组间肿瘤体积无显著性差异(P＞0.05),治疗后肝动脉注射NS组,平均生存期为12.7 d;肝动脉注射游离表阿霉素(EPI)组,平均生存期18.7 d;肝动脉注射EPI-PBCA-NP治疗组,平均生存期为32.5d.治疗后各组间肿瘤体积存在差异性(P＜0.05),EPI组、EPI-PBCA-NP治疗组动物平均生存天数较NS组均显著延长(均P ＜0.01).结论 肝动脉注射表阿霉素脂质体纳米粒组肿瘤生长率明显降低、生命延长率明显提高(P＜0.01).     

丙烯酰胺对小鼠海马神经胶质酸性蛋白表达的影响

目的研究丙烯酰胺对小鼠海马神经胶质酸性蛋白(GFAP)表达的影响。方法健康雄性昆明小鼠40只,随机分为对照组和5 mg.kg-1.d-1、30 mg.kg-1.d-1、60 mg.kg-1.d-13个剂量实验组,每组10只。对照组小鼠腹腔注射生理盐水;实验组小鼠分别代以5 mg.kg-1.d-1、30 mg.kg-1.d-1、60 mg.kg-1.d-1丙烯酰胺水溶液腹腔注射。5 d时分别处死各组小鼠,取出大脑,Zambon i固定液固定,常规冰冻制片,免疫组织化学染色,光镜观察。结果5 mg.kg-1.d-1、30 mg.kg-1.d-1、60 mg.kg-1.d-13个剂量实验组小鼠海马中GFAP阳性表达比对照组增强(P<0.05),但5 mg.kg-1.d-1、30 mg.kg-1.d-1剂量组间未见明显差异(P>0.05);60 mg.kg-1.d-1实验组强于5 mg.kg-1.d-1、30 mg.kg-1.d-1剂量组(P<0.05)。结论丙烯酰胺染毒后小鼠海马神经胶质酸性蛋白表达增高,提示其对小鼠海马有一定的损伤作用。     

多药耐药(MDR1)基因治疗对中晚期肝癌小鼠生存率的影响

目的 :探讨恶性肿瘤MDRl基因治疗以保护骨髓造血细胞 ,从而加大化疗剂量 ,提高中晚期肝癌小鼠生存率。方法 :用培养的H2 2腹水型肝癌细胞注入Balb/c小鼠制成肿瘤模型 ,同种骨髓造血细胞经浓缩病毒上清法转染MDRl基因后 ,移植入预先照射亚致死剂量60 Co -γ射线的荷瘤小鼠 ,再经大剂量化疗 ,实验分为对照组及阿霉素 5mg/kg(最大剂量 )组、10mg/kg(2×最大剂量 )组、2 0mg/kg(4×最大剂量 )组 3个剂量组 ,分别在化疗 3天后观察小鼠白细胞的变化情况 ,取骨髓造血细胞做P -糖蛋白免疫组化以观察MDRl基因的表达情况 ;测定小鼠死亡率。结果 :化疗第 1、2周实验组白细胞明显高于对照组(P <0 .0 1) ,第 1周各剂量组之间无明显差别 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,第 2周 2 0mg/kg(4×最大剂量 )组比其它两组白细胞数偏低 (P <0 .0 5 )。 10mg/kg和 2 0mg/kg组死亡率明显低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。实验组免疫组化阳性率为 8.6 3%± 0 .36 % ,而对照组为零。结论 :MDR1基因转染骨髓造血干细胞后 ,使其对阿霉素的耐受性增加。     

内皮抑素不同给药途径联合阿霉素治疗鼠肝移植瘤

目的 研究内皮抑素(Es)瘤内与尾静脉两种给药途径联合腹腔注射阿霉素(Adm)对小鼠H22肝癌细胞移植瘤血管生成和肿瘤生长的抑制作用.方法 将H22肝癌细胞接种到40只小鼠的背部皮下,肿瘤直径约1 cm时按体重随机分成4组;对照组:隔日瘤内、腹腔注射生理盐水;Es瘤内组:隔日瘤内注射Es+腹腔注射Adm;Es静脉组:隔日静脉推注Es+腹腔注射Adm;Adm组:隔日静脉推注生理盐水+腹腔注射Adm.每3 d测量皮下肿瘤直径.绘制肿瘤生长曲线,第15天每组处死5只小鼠,检测血浆VEGF含量、肿瘤组织微血管密度(MVD),观察剩余小鼠生存期.结果 Es瘤内组小鼠肿瘤体积大小、VEGF及MVD表达均小于其他3组(P<0.05),Es瘤内组生存期与Es静脉组比较均较阿霉素组、对照组延长(P<0.05),但两者生存期差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 Es联合Adm在抑制血管生成与肿瘤生长方面,瘤内应用Es抑瘤效果优于静脉应用,但前者小鼠生存期的延长较后者无明显优势.     

裸鼠胰腺癌肝转移模型脂质体阿霉素介入化疗实验观察

目的 观察裸鼠胰腺癌肝转移瘤脂质体阿霉素介入化疗的疗效与毒性反应.方法 建立裸鼠胰腺癌肝转移模型,采用脾脏注射给药模拟介入化疗.按照阿霉素对照组剂量不同分两次实验进行研究,每次实验分6组,每组各7只.实验一分组:脂质体阿霉素高剂量组(6 mg/kg)、中剂量组(3 mg/kg)、低剂量组(1.5 mg/kg),阿霉素组(3 mg/kg),吉西他滨加顺铂组(3 mg/kg)和对照组(100μl 10%葡萄糖);实验二分组:脂质体阿霉素高剂量组(9 mg/kg)、中剂量组(6 mg/kg)、低剂量组(3 mg/kg),阿霉素组(6 mg/kg),吉西他滨加顺铂组(6 mg/kg)和对照组(100μl 10%葡萄糖),观察不同剂量脂质体阿霉素介入化疗对裸鼠胰腺癌肝转移瘤的抑瘤作用.结果 实验一:脂质体阿霉素各剂量组肿瘤平均体积[高剂量(3±1)mm3,中剂量(55±18)mm3,低剂量(90±23)mm3]差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且疗效呈剂量依赖性,脂质体阿霉素组与相同剂量阿霉素组和吉西他宾加顺铂组相比肿瘤缩小更明显(均P＜0.05).各组均未出现明显的毒性反应.实验二:脂质体阿霉素高、中和低剂量组肿瘤体积分别为(11±14)mm3、(13±4)mm3、(50±18)mm3,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),脂质体阿霉素组与相同剂量阿霉素组相比肿瘤缩小,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),与相同剂量吉西他滨加顺铂组相比肿瘤显著缩小(P＜0.05).脂质体阿霉素各剂量组均未出现毒性反应,阿霉素组和吉西他滨加顺铂组出现了明显的毒副作用,均有半数动物死亡.结论 脂质体阿霉素用于介入治疗与阿霉素和吉西他滨联合顺铂相比毒性显著降低,疗效显著提高.     

~(192)铱核素对大鼠脑胶质瘤间质内放疗作用的病理学研究

目的:研究~(192)铱脑胶质瘤间质内放疗所产生的生物学反应及对周边正常脑组织的影响,为临床应用提供可靠的理论依据。方法:采用动物实验与病理学观察相结合方法。(1)制备 G422胶质母细胞瘤株皮下荷瘤小鼠模型,接种后14天,待肿瘤生长至肉眼可见,将小鼠分为三组:2.5Gy、10Gy 照射组和不照射的对照组,每组8只,观察肿瘤生长抑制、组织学改变;(2)制备 C6胶质母细胞瘤脑内荷瘤大鼠模型,在颅内接种 C6细胞后14天,将大鼠分为三组:2.5Gy、10Gy 照射组和不照射的对照组(每组8只),观察指标为生长期延长的肿瘤组织学变化。结果:(1)G422皮下荷瘤照射6、14天后,两照射组肿瘤平均体积明显缩小,照射8h 后25Gy组有散在局灶性坏死,边缘区核胞浓集或破碎,10Gy 组以上变化更明显。电镜下2.5Gy 细胞核被挤压一侧,细胞器肿胀,胞浆内包涵体较多。10Gy 组见大量各期坏死瘤细胞。照射8h,坏死面积对照组8.4%,2.5Gy 组18.2%.10Gy 组32.7%;照射14天时,三组分别为30.6%、73.3%和75.3%。(2)C6脑内荷瘤:照射组的生存期明显延长,2.5Gy 组又较10Gy 组显著延长。光镜下:2.5Gy 组瘤组织内坏死、出血,边缘部分核浓缩和破坏。中心区结构破坏,仅残留胞膜;10Gy 组瘤内大片坏死和出血,坏死边缘小血管扩张。电镜下:2.5Gy 组见坏死瘤细胞,胞核被挤压一侧,细胞器肿胀,胞浆包涵体较多;10Gy 组见大量各期坏死瘤细胞。坏死面积对照组37.1%,2.5Gy 组80.5%,10Gy 组为61.2%。结论:(1)G422皮下荷瘤鼠模型和 G6脑内荷瘤鼠模型的制备,结果可靠,重复性好,肿瘤生长符合实验要求,可达到观察肿瘤经放疗后生长抑制的目的,是理想的间质内放疗生物学研究的动物模型;(2)本实验证实,不论皮下荷瘤还是脑内荷瘤,经瘤间质内照射治疗,可引发小鼠不同程度的生长期延长。组织学观察证明,不同剂量瘤间质内插入~(192)铱放射源可引起肿瘤细胞的凋亡及坏死性变化,2.5Gy 组为80.5%,疗效最好,而10Gy 组因引起瘤内大片坏死,周边正常脑组织也有一定程度的血管扩张、充血和脑水肿反应,因此选用分割的低剂量瘤内间质放疗法是治疗脑内恶性肿瘤的有效方法。     

交变磁场介导下半乳糖化白蛋白磁性阿霉素纳米粒对兔VX2肝癌的影响研究

目的探讨半乳糖化白蛋白磁性阿霉素纳米粒对兔VX2肝癌的磁介导热疗作用。方法将成模后的荷瘤白兔随机分成6组：A组，对照组，即生理盐水组；B组，游离阿霉素组；C组，半乳糖磁性阿霉素纳米粒组；D组，Fe3O4纳米粒组；E组，阿霉素磁性纳米粒组；F组，半乳糖化白蛋白磁性阿霉素纳米粒组化白蛋白。各组经肝动脉插管灌注药物（按2mg／kg阿霉素计算），除C组外，其它各组置交变磁场中作用30min，期间监测癌中心区、癌边缘区、正常肝组织和直肠的温度变化；观察治疗后14d的肝癌体积、肝癌的生长率、肝癌及正常肝组织的病理改变。结果D、E、F组癌中心区和边缘区温度显著高于正常肝组织和直肠（P〈0．001）；A、B、C组各部位的温度无明显升高。治疗后14d，F组肿瘤体积明显缩小，肿瘤生长率为-15％；肝癌细胞可见大面积坏死，平均在70％以上，癌灶及癌边缘可见栓塞的铁磁微粒，而右肝未见铁磁微粒的沉积；其它各组体积增大3、5～13倍，肿瘤生长率显著增加（127％～568％），肝癌细胞中至轻度坏死（0％～70％）。结论交变磁场下，A、B、C组癌组织升温达到42℃以上；半乳糖化白蛋白磁性阿霉素纳米粒对肝癌组织有独特的靶向作用，表现出明显的热化疗协同增效的治疗效果。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.