铁调节蛋白2基因多态性与阿尔茨海默病及血管性痴呆的相关分析

目的 探讨铁调节蛋白2(IRP2)基因2616C/T多态性与阿尔茨海默病(AD)、血管性痴呆(VD)的关系.方法 用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术检测281例AD、60例VD患者及285名正常老年人的IRF2基因2616C/T多念性分布,并评定简易精神状态检查表(MMSE);将AD患者按临床痴呆评定量表(CDR)评分分为轻度痴呆组(CDR=1分,72例)和中重度痴呆组(CDR=2分或3分,209例),比较各组间IRP2基因2616C/T多态性.结果 (1)AD组与对照组基因型(χ2=2.46)及等位基因(χ2=2.17)总体分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而中重度AD组携带T等位基因的基因型频率(78.0%)高于对照组(69.8%;χ2=4.106,P<0.05),Logistic回归分析其中携带含T等位基因的基因型患者的比值比=1.62(95%可信区间=1.03～2.54).VD组携带含T等位基因型频率和T等位基因频率虽高于对照组,但未达统计学意义(P>0.05).(2)中重度AD患者T/T基因型频率(25.8%)和T等位基因频率(51.9%)高于轻度AD患者(分别为12.5%和40.3%),差异均有统计学意义(χ2=5.477和5.803,P<0.05).(3)携带T/T基因型的AD患者MMSE评分低于C/C基因型者(P=0.028)和C/T基因型者(P=0.014).结论 IRP2基因2616C/T多态性与中重度AD相关,而与VD可能无关联;T/T基因型可能是AD患者认知功能损害的危险因子.     

新疆维吾尔族和汉族阿尔茨海默病患者载脂蛋白E基因的多态性研究

目的 探讨新疆维吾尔族(以下简称维族)与汉族阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者载脂蛋白E(apoE)基因型及等位基因频率的分布及其异同.方法 在流行病学调查基础上,采用美国神经病学会、语言障碍和卒中-老年性痴呆和相关疾病学会制定的标准,诊断为很可能AD的患者209例(汉族98例、维族111例)及正常对照220名(汉族103名、维族117名),应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态分析方法,检测两组apoE基因多态性.结果 (1)AD组及对照组组内维、汉两民族受试者apoE基因型频率和等位基因频率整体分布的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);但AD组ε3/4基因型(28.2%)和84等位基因频率(14.8%)均高于对照组(分别为13.2%和8.0%,P＜0.05).(2)在维、汉两民族中,AD组ε3/4基因型频率(维族:30.6%;汉族:25.5%)和ε4等位基因频率(维族:15.8%;汉族:13.8%)均高于本民族对照组(ε3/4基因型频率分别为维族:14.5%,汉族:11.7%;ε4等位基因频率分别为维族:9.4%,汉族:6.3%;P均＜0.05).(3)AD组男性维族患者ε3/4基因型频率(31%)高于对照组男性维族受试者(11%);AD组女性维族患者(16%)和汉族患者ε4等位基因频率(14%),分别高于对照组女性维族受试者(8%)和汉族受试者(7%;P均＜0.05).结论 apoE基因型及等位基因频率在维、汉民族间的分布相似;apoEe4等位基因是AD的危险因素,在维、汉两民族女性AD的发病中起重要作用.     

汉族人白细胞介素-6-174G/C基因多态性与颅内动脉瘤的关联性研究

目的 探讨汉族人白细胞介素-6-174G/C(IL-6-174G/C)基因多态性与颅内动脉瘤(IA)的相关性.方法 用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术对182例颅内动脉瘤患者(颅内动脉瘤组)和182名健康者(对照组)的IL-6-174G/C的基因多态性进行分析,运用统计学方法分析基因与疾病的相关性.结果 IL-6-174G/C基因型的分布频率与对照组比较有统计学意义(P<0.001),IL-6-174(G/C)G等位基因频率为69.51%,对照组为56.87%,两组比较有统计学差异(P<0.001).结论 IL-6-174G/C基因多态性与颅内动脉瘤的发病有一定关系,考虑C等位基因频率增高与颅内动脉瘤的发病有关.     

载脂蛋白E基因多态性与Alzheimer病和血管性痴呆的关系

目的 探讨载脂蛋白E(ApoE)基因多态性与Alzheimer病(AD)和血管性痴呆(VD)的关系.方法 用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法检测79例AD患者(AD组)、85例VD患者(VD组)及156名健康老年人(正常对照组)ApoE基因型和等位基因频率.结果 ApoEε3/ε4基因型及ε4等位基因频率AD组分别为25.3%及17.7%,VD组分别为25.9%及20.5%,正常对照组分别为10.9%及5.7%;AD组及VD组ApoEε3/ε4基因型及ε4等位基因频率显著高于正常对照组(均P＜0.01).结论 ApoEε4等位基因可能是AD和VD共同的危险因素.     

唐山地区汉族人群脑梗死患者IL-6基因-174G/C多态性研究

目的探讨唐山地区汉族部分人群中IL-6基因-174C/G多态性与脑梗死的关系。方法采用多聚酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态法(PCR-RFLP)技术,检测118例脑梗死患者(病例组)和154例健康体检者(对照组)的IL-6基因-174C/G多态性位点频率,分析其基因型。结果脑梗死病例组与对照组IL-6-174G/C基因型全部为GG基因型,均未观察到CG和GG基因型存在。结论唐山地区汉族部分人群中不存在IL-6-174G/C基因多态性,-174位点的变异可能和脑梗死的发生、发展没有明确的关系。     

新疆维吾尔族、汉族载脂蛋白E基因及尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活因子基因多态性与Alzhemier病的关系

目的 探讨新疆维吾尔族(维族)、汉族载脂蛋白E( ApoE)基因及尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活因子( PLAU)基因多态性与Alzheimer's病(AD)的关系.方法 应用PCR-限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)方法,检测209例很可能AD患者(AD组,汉族98例,维族111例)及220名正常对照者(NC组,汉族103人,维族117人)的ApoE基因及PLAU基因第6号外显子r2227564s基因型及等位基因频率.结果 AD组中,维族、汉族ApoE ε3/4基因型及ε4等位基因频率明显高于NC组;其与PLAU基因C/T基因型组合的频率明显高于NC组(均P＜0.05);具有ApoE ε3/3基因型的维族T/T基因型频率明显高于NC组(P＜0.05).结论 ApoE基因多态性可能与AD相关;PLAU C/T基因型可能增加具有ApoE ε3/4基因型及ε4等位基因者AD的发病风险;PLAU T/T基因型可能增加具有ApoE ε3/3基因型、ε3等位基因的维族AD的发病风险.     

5—HT6受体基因多态性与阿尔茨海默病的关联分析

目的探讨中国上海地区汉族人群中5-HT6受体基因多态性与阿尔茨海默病(AD)的相互关系.方法应用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)-限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)方法,在106例AD患者,87例血管性痴呆(VD)患者和140例正常健康人中观察了5-HT6受体基因多态性的分布,并对5-HT6受体基因多态性与阿尔茨海默病之间的关系进行探讨.结果①阿尔茨海默病与5-HT6受体基因的多态性之间无显著意义的关联(P＞0.05);②在将受试人群进行ApoE基因分型后,ApoEε4型与非ApoEε4型人群中AD与5-HT6受体基因各基因型或等位基因均无关联(P＞0.05);③将AD患者进行ApoE基因分型后,非ApoEε4型AD与5-HT6的267C/T基因型正相关(OR=2.46,95%CI5.43-1.11,P＜0.05).结论中国上海地区汉族人群中5-HT6受体基因多态性与非ApoEε4型阿尔茨海默病相关联,表现为C/T型频率的升高.     

谷胱甘肽硫转移酶Pi基因多态性与Alzheimer病的关系

目的研究谷胱甘肽硫转移酶Pi(GSTPi)基因多态性与Alzheimer病(AD)的关系。方法 AD患者48例,按1:2匹配选择与AD患者同性别、同年龄、同文化程度、无血缘关系、认知功能正常、身体健康的96例老人作为正常对照,外周血提取基因组DNA,聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术检测GSTPi基因第5外显子rs1695位点和第6外显子rs1138272位点基因型。结果 rs1695位点存在A/A、A/G和G/G三种基因型;rs1138272位点存在C/C和C/T两种基因型,未发现T/T型。AD组和对照组rs1695位点基因型分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但AD组等位基因G的频率(32.3%)明显高于对照组(21.9%)(P=0.05)。AD组和对照组rs1138272位点基因型分布及等位基因频率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。GSTPi基因染色体单体型G/T(即rs1695位点为等位基因G,rs1138272位点为等位基因T)的频率,AD组(9.1%)明显高于对照组(2.4%),差异无统计学意义(P=0.01)。结论 GSTPi基因rs1695位点等位基因G和rs1138272位点等位基因T可增加AD发生的危险,尤其rs1695位点等位基因G可能与AD发病关系更大。     

5-羟色胺1A受体、G蛋白β3亚基基因多态性与卒中后抑郁的相关性

目的 观察5-羟色胺1A受体(5-HTR1A)C(-1019)G基因与G蛋白β3亚基(GNβ3)基因C825T多态性在中国广州地区卒中后抑郁患者的分布情况及特点,探讨卒中后抑郁的遗传机制.方法 选取159例首发脑卒中患者并根据汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分分为卒中后抑郁组(53例)和卒中对照组(106例),采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术分析2组患者的5-HTR1A C(-1019)G和GNβ3 C825T基因多态性.结果 5-HTR1A C(-1019)G和GNβ3 C825T基因多态性在2组人群中的分布差异均有统计学意义,卒中后抑郁组5-HTR1A(-1019)GG基因型(8/53,15.1%)及G等位基因频率(44/106,41.5%)和GNβ3 825T等位基因频率(68/106,64.2%)均高于对照组(5/106,4.7%;35/212,16.5%;113/212,53.3%;×2=23.204、23.655、3.392,均P＜0.05).同时携带5-HTR1A(-1019)G和GNβ3 825T等位基因者罹患卒中后抑郁的相对危险度(OR=4.980,95%CI 2.429～10.210,P=0.000)比单独具有5-HTR1A(-1019)G等位基因者(OR=3.589,95%CI2.113～6.096,P=0.000)或GNβ3 825T等位基因者高(OR=0.638,95%CI 0.395～1.031,P=0.042).结论 5-HTR1A C(-1019)G和GNβ3 C825T基因均可能是卒中后抑郁的易患基因,而且两者在卒中后抑郁的发病中存在微效协同作用.     

血浆纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1基因启动子区4G/5G多态性与脑血管疾病的关系

目的 探讨血浆纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1基因启动子区4G/5G多态性与脑血管疾病之间的关系.方法 应用PCR技术和琼脂糖电泳对30例脑出血患者、90例脑梗死患者(其中腔隙性脑梗死30例,小面积脑梗死30例,大面积脑梗死30例)进行了API-1基因启动子4G/5G多态性的检测和分析,并与30例非脑血管疾病者对照比较.结果 对照组、脑出血组、脑梗死组基因型频率及等位基因频率分布比较均有统计学差异(P＜0.05).对照组与脑出血组间基因型频率及等位基因频率比较均无统计学差异(P＞0.05).对照组与脑梗死组间基因型频率及等位基因频率比较均有统计学差异(P＜0.05),脑梗死组4G/4G基因型频率(44.4%)较对照组(20%)高;脑梗死组4G等位基因频率(63.3%)较对照组(38.8%)高,比较均有统计学差异(P＜0.05).脑梗死组各亚型基因型频率及等位基因频率比较均无统计学差异(P＞0.05).性别在各组不同基因型中分布:对照组及脑出血组性别在不同基因型分布比较无统计学差异(P＞0.05).脑梗死组性别在不同基因型分布比较有统计学差异(P＜0.05),4G/4G基因型中男性占25%;女性占65%,比较有统计学差异(P＜0.05).腔隙性脑梗死组及小面积脑梗死组性别在不同基因型中分布比较均无统计学差异(P＞0.05).大面积脑梗死组性别在不同基因型中分布比较有统计学差异(P＜0.05),4G/4G基因型男性占21.4%;女性占78.6%,比较有统计学差异(P＜0.05).结论 PAI-1基因启动子区4G/5G多态性在怀化市正常人群中大致分布为:4G/4G占20%;4G/5G占63.3%;5G/5G占16.7%.PAI-1基因启动子区4G/5G多态性与脑出血无关.PAI-1基因启动子区4G/5G多态性与缺血性脑卒中有关,4G/4G基因型可能是缺血性脑卒中的一个独立危险因素,尤其可能与女性大面积脑梗死密切相关.PAI-1基因启动子区4G/5G多态性与缺血性脑卒中的梗死面积无关.     

Interleukin 6–174 G/C promoter and variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) gene polymorphisms in sporadic Alzheimer's disease

Background

Previous studies examining the association between the interleukin 6 (IL-6)–174 C/G polymorphism and Alzheimer's disease (AD) have yielded conflicting results. Furthermore, the C allele of the IL-6 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism was associated with a delayed onset and a decreased risk of AD.

Methods

A total sample of 149 AD patients, and 298 age- and sex-matched unrelated caregivers from Apulia, southern Italy, were genotyped for the apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism, the VNTR polymorphism in the 3' flanking region, and the -174G/C single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the promoter region of IL-6 gene on chromosome 7. Furthermore, we performed a haplotype analysis on these two polymorphisms on IL-6 locus.

Results

IL-6 VNTR and -174G/C allele and genotype frequencies were similar between AD patients and controls, also after stratification for late-onset (≥ 65 years) and early-onset (< 65 years) or APOE ε4 status. Furthermore, there was no evidence of linkage disequilibrium between the VNTR and -174G/C polymorphisms, not supporting a previous reported additive effect of both IL-6 polymorphisms on AD risk.

Conclusions

Our findings did not support a role of IL-6–174 G/C and IL-6 VNTR polymorphisms in the risk of sporadic AD in southern Italy, suggesting that these polymorphisms of IL-6 gene were at most weak genetic determinants of AD.     

Association between interleukin-6 gene promoter −572C/G polymorphism and the risk of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease

Inflammation is a key component of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and we have examined the effect of two polymorphisms (−174G/C and −572C/G) in the promoter of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene on risk of AD in 318 AD patients. Significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies of −572C/G IL-6 promoter polymorphism were observed between AD patients and controls. The GG genotype was associated with a decreased risk of developing AD (OR 0.423, 95% CI 0.200–0.894). Similarly, logistic regression analysis revealed that G allele was a protective factor for AD (OR 0.732, 95% CI 0.567–0.945). For −174G/C variability, no C variability was found in all the subjects. The frequency of the IL-6 −174G/C promoter polymorphism is very low or no variability in Henan Han population. The −572C/G polymorphism of IL-6 gene promoter region is associated with AD, and G allele is an independent protective factor for AD.     

白介素-1α基因多态与阿尔茨海默病及血管性痴呆的关系

目的 研究中国汉族人群中白介素-1α基因(IL-1α多态与阿尔茨海默病及血管性痴呆的关系。方法 随机选取125名阿尔茨海默病患者、70名血管性痴呆患者和93名对照人群，用PCR(聚合酶链式反应)和RFLP(限制性片段长度多态性1方法，分析受检者的IL-1α、载脂蛋白E(APOE)基因型。结果 IL-1α等位基因在三组中差异无显著性区别。占主导地位是IL-1α等位基因(约90％)。APOE4等位基因在AD患者组中过表达。APOE4等位基因不影响IL1-1αd基因型或等位基因的分布频率。IL-1α等位基因，特别是TT纯合子，低于白种人，或许可解释白介素-1α基因(IL-1α多态与汉族AD无关。结论 IL-1α等位基因的出现不能被用来作为区分AD、VD和健康对照人群的标识。     

An interleukin-6 promoter variant is not associated with an increased risk for Alzheimer's disease

Recent studies have implicated interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuro-inflammatory processes surrounding the amyloid plaques contribute to the progression of AD-related neurodegeneration. IL-6 is a multifunctional inflammatory cytokine which possibly acts as a mediator in the local immune response in the brain of AD patients. In this study we investigated whether the risk of developing AD is altered in carriers of the C allele of a G/C polymorphism at position -174. 113 AD patients and 108 age- and gender-matched nondemented control subjects were analysed. Genotyping of IL-6 was performed using standard PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. The results were adjusted for age, gender and apolipoprotein E epsilon4 status. There was no evidence for an association between the polymorphism and the risk of developing AD. No evidence of an earlier age at onset for carriers of the C allele was evaluated. We conclude that IL-6 (-174) polymorphism does not influence the risk of developing AD in our cohort.     

Interleukin-6 gene (-174 C/G ) and apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms and the risk of Alzheimer disease in a Polish population

Background and purposeInflammation plays a prominent role in Alzheimer disease (AD) pathogenesis. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, and some genetic variations in the IL-6 gene have been reported to be associated with a risk of AD. However, the results of the conducted studies are equivocal.Material and methodsWe genotyped IL-6 (–174 C/G) and apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) common polymorphisms in a large case-controlled study in a Polish population. We included 361 patients aged ≥ 65 years with AD (mean age 75.8 ± 5.3 years, 232 females [64.3%]) and 200 controls (75.3 ± 7.4 years; 119 females [59.5%]), without any neurological deficit, cognitive complaints or history of neurological diseases. The IL-6 polymorphism was genotyped using TaqMan SNP allelic discrimination by means of an ABI 7900HT (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA).ResultsThe distribution of the IL-6 (–174 C/G) genotypes was similar to that in the controls (AD: C/C = 15.79%, C/G = 51.25%, G/G = 32.96% vs. controls: C/C = 21.50%, C/G = 45.50%, G/G = 33.0%, p > 0.05). Our study confirms previous reports that APOE 4 is strongly related to the risk of AD (OR = 6.17; 95% CI: 4.01–9.49). APOE status did not affect the distribution of the studied IL-6 polymorphism.ConclusionIL-6 (–174 C/G) polymorphism is not a risk factor for late onset AD in a Polish population.     

The -174G/C polymorphism of the interleukin 6 gene is a hallmark of lacunar stroke and not other ischemic stroke phenotypes

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The CC genotype of the -174 G/C interleukin (IL)-6 polymorphism has been associated with lacunar stroke. However, it remains unsettled whether this polymorphism is also associated with other ischemic stroke phenotypes. METHODS: The -174 G/C IL-6 polymorphism was genotyped in patients with lacunar stroke (n = 89), stroke due to large vessel disease (n = 82), cardioembolism (n = 53), stroke of undetermined cause (n = 49) and in white controls without any history of stroke (n = 105) by PCR and restriction enzyme analysis. Independent predictors of the -174 G/C IL-6 genotypes were assessed using multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for demographics, risk factors and disease state. RESULTS: The prevalence of the CC genotype was 8.5% in large vessel disease, 7.5% in embolism, 19.1% in lacunar stroke, 14.3% in stroke of undetermined cause and 8.6% in controls. The CC genotype was independently associated with lacunar stroke only (adjusted OR 3.22, 95% CI 9.09-1.12). Contrarily, there were no significant differences in genotype and allele distribution in the remainder of ischemic stroke phenotypes. Pooling of patients with nonlacunar stroke did not show any independent association with the CC genotype as compared with controls (OR 1.01, 95% CI 2.77-0.36). CONCLUSIONS: The unique association between the CC genotype of the -174 G/C IL-6 polymorphism and lacunar stroke suggests a particular susceptibility of small deep penetrators of cerebral arteries to IL-6-mediated inflammatory damage.     

白细胞介素6基因多态性与动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死的关系

目的探讨IL-6-572C/G基因多态性与中国湖南地区汉族人群动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死(atherosclerotic cerebral infarction,ACI)的关系。方法在湖南汉族人群中筛选199例脑梗死患者为脑梗死组,196名健康体检者为对照组,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length poly-morphism,PCR-RFLP)方法测定IL-6-572C/G基因多态性。结果脑梗死组与对照组间比较,IL-6-572C/G基因型分布存在统计学差异(2=5.120,P<0.05),IL-6-572C/G基因C和G等位基因频率也存在统计学差异,(C和G等位基因频率,脑梗死组为0.741、0.259,对照组为0.816、0.184)(2=5.491,P<0.05)。G等位基因携带者发生脑梗死的风险是C等位基因的1.552倍(OR=1.552,95%CI:1.092-2.315)。结论 IL-6-572C/G基因多态性与ACI发病有关,可能是中国湖南地区汉族人群ACI发病的遗传易感基因。     

Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele and Japanese late-onset depressive disorders.

BACKGROUND: Several studies have suggested that late-onset depressive disorder (LOD) and the apolipoprotein E (Apo E) epsilon 4 allele are associated with dementia, respectively. The Apo E polymorphism is significantly heterogeneous among races. We hypothesized that the Apo E epsilon 4 allele frequency is elevated in Japanese LOD. METHODS: The Apo E genotype was studied in 134 patients (male, 53; female, 81) with early-/late-onset depressive disorder and 105 healthy normal controls (male, 41; female, 64). The patients were subdivided into those with early onset and late onset using 45 and 50 years as the cutoff ages. All the subjects were Japanese. RESULTS: There was statistically no difference between normal control subjects and patients with depressive disorders in Apo E genotype or allele frequency. There was statistically no difference in the age of onset of depressive disorders according to the Apo E genotype. There was no relation between the age of onset of depressive disorder and the number of epsilon 4 alleles the patient had. There was also no association between early-/late-onset depressive disorder and the Apo E genotype or allele frequency. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that there is no association between the Apo E epsilon 4 allele and Japanese LOD.     

脑啡肽酶基因多态性与阿尔茨海默病及血管性痴呆的相关性研究

目的 探讨陕西延安地区汉族人群中脑啡肽酶(NEP)基因多态性与阿尔兹海默(AD)和血管性痴呆(VD)的相关性。方法 选择2013年1月-2016年6月在本科治疗的138例AD患者作为AD组,57例VD患者作为VD组,同时随机选择同期在本院体检的老年体检健康者150例作为对照组,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性内切酶分析(PCR-RFLP)结合DNA直接测序法检测NEP基因rs989692位点和rs6776185位点基因型。结果 各组NEP基因rs989692位点基因型和等位基因分布频率无明显差异(P均>0.05)。对于rs6776185位点AD组和VD组与对照组比较,AA基因型和A等位基因分布频率均明显增多(P均<0.05)。AD组与VD组基因型和等位基因分布频率无明显差异(P均>0.05)。结论 NEP基因rs6776185位点A等位基因和AA基因型可能是陕西延安地区汉族人AD和VD发病的危险因素。