超高场强磁共振波谱分析对轻微型肝性脑病

目的： 研究MRS对轻微型肝性脑病(MHE)患者的诊断价值。方法　应用3.0 MR机对33例MHE患者和46例没有轻微型肝性脑病的肝硬化患者进行了扣带回和右侧前额叶的单体素点分辨自旋回波波谱序列扫描。计算N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、肌酐(Cr)、胆碱(Cho)、肌醇(MI)和谷氨酰胺复合物(Glx)的峰下面积,计算NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr、MI/Cr、Glx/Cr,并与30例健康体检者（正常对照组）比较。33例在 MR检查前后一周内进行了静脉血氨水平测定。结果：与正常对照组相比,有轻微肝性脑病患者扣带回和右侧前额叶的Cho/Cr、MI/Cr 显著降低（P<0.01和 P0.05）,没有轻微肝性脑病的肝硬化患者与正常对照组比较MI/Cr有显著性差异（P0.05）。扣带回与右侧额叶的Glx/Cr比值与血氨浓度呈正相关,Cho/Cr 和MI/Cr的比值与血氨浓度呈负相关。 结论：MHE患者MRS检查显示扣带回和右侧前额叶Cho、MI水平降低,Glx水平升高;扣带回与右侧额叶的MRS指标与血氨之间存在相关关系,MRS对MHE的诊断有显著价值;扣带回和额叶可作为检测肝硬化患者脑改变的一个敏感部位。     

磁共振波谱分析对轻微型肝性脑病患者的诊断价值

目的研究磁共振波谱分析(MRS)对轻微型肝性脑病(MHE)患者的诊断价值。方法应用3.0MR机对26例MHE患者进行扣带回和额叶的单体素点分辨自旋回波波谱序列扫描。计算N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、肌酐(Cr)、胆碱(Cho)、肌醇(mI)和谷氨酰胺复合物(Glx)的峰下面积,计算NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr、mI/Cr、Glx/Cr的值,并与正常对照组比较。结果与正常对照组相比,MHE组扣带回和额叶的Cho/Cr、mI/Cr显著降低(P<0.01～0.001),Glx/Cr值显著升高(均P<0.005),NAA/Cr值差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论MHE患者MRS检查显示扣带回和额叶Cho、mI水平降低,Glx水平升高,MRS对MHE的诊断有显著价值。     

青少年首次发病精神分裂症患者前额叶和海马磁共振质子波谱成像的研究

目的探讨青少年首次发病（以下简称首发）精神分裂症患者前额叶、海马的磁共振质子波谱（^1H—MRS）变化特点。方法对21例青少年（13—17岁）首发精神分裂症患者（患者组）和20名（14～17岁）年龄、性别、受教育时间均匹配的正常对照者（对照组），应用^1H—MRS成像技术检测两组前额叶、海乌N-乙酰天门冬氨酸（NAA）、肌碱（Cho）、肌酸（Cr）3种代谢物，计算NAA／Cr和Cho／Cr比值。采用t检验进行分析。结果（1）患者组左侧前额叶NAA／Cr（1．56±0．81）低于对照组（2．09±0．81），右侧前额叶NAA／Cr（1．84±0．42）低于对照组（2．58±0．83），右侧前额叶Cho／Cr（1．25±0．17）也低于对照组（1．51±0．38），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05和P〈0．01）。（2）患者组左侧海马NAA／Cr（1．33±0．34）低于对照组（1．64±0．56），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论青少年首发精神分裂症患者存在双侧前额叶、左侧海弓神经元完整性和功能障碍，同时可能提示右侧前额叶神经厄能黾需要降低及神经胶质细胞的密度或功能完整性受损。     

脑质子磁共振波谱分析对早期帕金森病诊断价值的初步研究

目的探讨质子磁共振波谱（1H—MRS）在早期帕金森病（Parkinson’sdisease,PD）诊断中的临床应用价值。方法对20例偏侧PD患者（Hoehn-YahrI级）和20例年龄匹配正常对照者双侧纹状体进行1H-MRS检测,对比分析PD患者与正常对照者的纹状体N-乙酰基天门冬氨酸（NAA）／肌酸复合物（Cr）和含胆碱化合物（Cho）／Cr比值的变化。结果PD患者患侧肢体对侧纹状体NAA／Cr比值显著低于同侧和正常对照者（P〈0．05）,Cho／Cr比值显著高于同侧和正常对照者（P〈0．05）;但PD患者患侧肢体同侧纹状体NAA／Cr和Cho／Cr比值与正常对照者比较无显著差异（P〉0．05）。结论1H-MRS是可以为偏侧PD患者纹状体的神经细胞病理学改变提供有价值的信息的一种无创技术,有助于早期PD的诊断。     

双相抑郁患者前额叶和前扣带回皮质氢质子波谱研究

目的:研究双相抑郁患者前额叶皮质、前扣带回皮质代谢物的相对含量。方法:对30例未服药双相抑郁患者和30名健康志愿者的前额叶皮质、前扣带回皮质进行氢质子波谱(1H-MRS)扫描,双相抑郁患者经6周药物治疗后再次做1H-MRS扫描,检测N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱(Cho)、谷氨酸复合物(Glx)、肌酸(Cr)4种代谢物。结果:双相抑郁组左侧前额叶皮质、双侧前扣带回皮质NAA/Cr值均显著低于正常对照组(P<0.05),Cho/Cr值、Glx/Cr值均显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05),双相抑郁组右侧前额叶皮质NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr、Glx/Cr值两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。经药物治疗后,左侧前额叶皮质、双侧前扣带回皮质NAA/Cr值较治疗前升高,Cho/Cr值、Glx/Cr值较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:前额叶和前扣带回皮质NAA、Cho、Glx含量的改变与双相抑郁的发生和药物的疗效有关。     

脑胶质瘤的^1H磁共振波谱特点及临床意义

目的探讨人脑胶质瘤质子磁共振波谱（^1HMRS）的特点及临床意义。方法22例脑胶质瘤患者术前行MRI检查的同时作^1HMRS分析,并以20例对侧正常的相应部位作为自身对照,比较N-乙酰门冬氨酸（NAA）、胆碱（Cho）、肌酸（cr）和乳酸（Lac）以及Cho／Cr、NAA／Cr、NAA／Cho比值的变化。结果与对照脑区比,脑胶质瘤在^1HMRS上均表现为明显增高的Cho峰（P〈0．01）,NAA、Cr峰下降或消失（P〈0．05）,Cho／Cr比值升高,NAA／Cr比值降低（P〈0．05）;它们的变化并与肿瘤不同病理级别密切相关,其差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论 ^1HMRS是研究脑胶质瘤物质和能量代谢的有效方法,能为脑胶质瘤的临床诊断提供帮助。     

轻度认知障碍和轻度Alzeimer病的磁共振波谱分析

目的探讨氢质子磁共振波谱（1H—MRs）在轻度认知障碍（MCI）、轻度Alzheimer病（AD）诊断与鉴别诊断中的作用。方法对20例MCI患者、20例AD患者、20例正常对照者行。H—MRS检查,采用点分辨自旋回波波谱序列（PRESS）,测定双侧内侧颞叶的N-乙酰天门冬氨酸（NAA）、胆碱（Cho）和肌醇（mI）与肌酸（Cr）的比值,并比较各组闻NAA／Cr、mI／Cr、Cho／Cr比值的差别。结果轻度AD组及MCI组与正常对照组间双侧NAA／Cr有显著性差异（P〈0．05）,MCI组、轻度AD组、正常对照组三组间双侧mI／Cr有显著性差异（P〈0．05）,三组间Cho／Cr比值差异无统计学意义。结论1H—MRs能无创性提供MCI、AD患者脑部的代谢情况,NAA／Cr降低和mI／Cr升高有助于MCI、轻度AD的早期诊断。     

质子磁共振波谱用于帕金森病黑质代谢研究价值的探讨

目的探讨质子磁共振波谱（^1H MRS）技术在帕金森病（PD）黑质代谢变化研究中的价值。方法PD患者56例和正常对照30例行^1H MRS检查，测定双侧黑质的N-乙酰天门冬氨酸／肌酸（NAA／Cr）、N-乙酰天门冬氨酸／胆碱复合物（NAA／Cho）和胆碱复合物／肌酸（Cho／Cr）比值。结果PD患者和对照组黑质的NAA／Cr、Cho／Cr和NAA／Cho比值无显著性差异。PD患者的^1H MRS结果与UPDRS评分、H＆Y分级和病程均不存在显著相关性。结论目前的^1H MRS技术尚不能精准地反应PD患者黑质的代谢变化。     

伴有自杀意念的双相情感障碍患者前额叶 磁共振波谱研究

目的 借助氢质子磁共振波谱检测手段探讨双相情感障碍患者自杀意念与前额叶各代谢 物之间的关系。方法 2017 年 4 月至 2019 年 8 月收集新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院临床心理科 21 例 1 个 月内未经治疗的双相情感障碍患者,按有无自杀意念分为有自杀意念组（12 例）与无自杀意念组（9 例）, 应用氢质子磁共振波谱技术分别检测两组左右侧前额叶 N- 乙酰天门冬氨酸 / 肌酸（NAA/Cr）、胆碱 / 肌 酸（Cho/Cr）、谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺复合物 / 肌酸（Glx/Cr）、肌醇 / 肌酸（mI/Cr）的比值。结果 有自杀意念的 双相情感障碍患者组右侧前额叶 mI/Cr 值高于无自杀意念的双相情感障碍患者组,差异有统计学意义 （P＜ 0.05）;两组在左右侧前额叶 NAA/Cr 值、Cho/Cr 值、Glx/Cr 值及左侧前额叶 mI/Cr 值的比较中差异均 无统计学意义（P＞ 0.05）;有自杀意念的双相情感障碍患者组左侧前额叶 mI/Cr 值与发病年龄呈正相关 （r=0.661,P＜ 0.05）。结论 有自杀意念的双相情感障碍患者右侧前额叶肌醇代谢水平增高;有自杀意 念的双相情感障碍患者发病年龄越大,左侧前额叶肌醇代谢水平就会越高     

质子磁共振波谱在胶质瘤诊断中的应用

目的 研究质子磁共振波谱（1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy,1HMRS）在胶质瘤诊断及分级中的应用。方法搜集行1HMRS检查并经病理证实的36例胶质瘤患者,其中A组星形胶质细胞瘤Ⅰ～Ⅱ级21例,B组星形胶质细胞瘤Ⅲ～Ⅳ级和多形性胶质母细胞瘤15例。对侧部位的结果作内对照组。观察氮乙酰门氡氨酸（N—acetylaspartate,NAA）、胆碱（choline,Cho）、肌酸（creatine,Cr）、肌醇（Ins）的共振峰及比值。结果A组同对照组间NAA／Cr、NAA／Cho、Cho／Cr差异有统计意义（P〈0．05）。B组同对照组间NAA／Cr、NAA／Cho、Cho／Cr差异有统计意义（P％0．05）。A组与B组间NAA／Cr和NAA／Cho差异有统计意义（P〈0．05）。结论 1HMRS可提高对胶质瘤诊断和分级的准确性。     

双相抑郁患者前额叶及海马磁共振质子波谱成像研究

目的探讨双相抑郁患者前额叶及海马磁共振质子波谱(proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy,1H-MRS)的代谢物变化特点,为其神经生物学研究提供线索。方法应用磁共振质子波谱成像技术检测26例双相抑郁患者(患者组)和26例单相抑郁患者及13例健康志愿者(对照组)双侧前额叶白质、前扣带回皮质、海马N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(N-Acetylaspartate,NAA)、胆碱(choline,Cho)、肌酸(creatine,Cr)3种代谢物,以Cr为参照物,分别计算双侧NAA/Cr和Cho/Cr比值。采用SPSS 13.0进行统计处理。结果患者组左侧前额叶白质NAA/Cr(1.65±0.31)低于对照组(2.37±0.36),左侧前额叶白质Cho/Cr(1.35±0.27)低于对照组(1.65±0.21),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);右侧前额叶白质NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr值与正常对照组差异无统计学意义;患者组双侧前扣带回NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr值与正常对照组差异无统计学意义;患者组双侧海马NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr值与正常对照组差异无统计学意义;患者组与单相抑郁组的双侧额叶白质、双侧前扣带回皮质、双侧海马NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr值差异均无统计学意义。结论双相抑郁患者可能存在左侧前额叶神经元功能下降和膜磷脂代谢异常,其代谢物特点存在偏侧化。     

Regional metabolic patterns in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: A 1H MRS study

BACKGROUND: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a recently described transitional clinical state between normal aging and AD. Assuming that amnestic MCI patients had pathologic changes corresponding to an early phase and probable AD patients to a later phase of the disease progression, the authors could approximate the temporal course of proton MR spectroscopic (1H MRS) alterations in AD with a cross-sectional sampling scheme. METHODS: The authors compared 1H MRS findings in the superior temporal lobe, posterior cingulate gyri, and medial occipital lobe in 21 patients with MCI, 21 patients with probable AD, and 63 elderly controls. These areas are known to be involved at different neurofibrillary pathologic stages of AD. RESULTS: The N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr) ratios were significantly lower in AD patients compared to both MCI and normal control subjects in the left superior temporal and the posterior cingulate volumes of interest (VOI) and there were no between-group differences in the medial occipital VOI. Myoinositol (MI)/Cr ratios measured from the posterior cingulate VOI were significantly higher in both MCI and AD patients than controls. The choline (Cho)/Cr ratios measured from the posterior cingulate VOI were higher in AD patients compared to both MCI and control subjects. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the initial 1H MRS change in the pathologic progression of AD is an increase in MI/Cr. A decrease in NAA/Cr and an increase in Cho/Cr develop later in the disease course.     

阳性症状为主型精神分裂症首次发病患者前额叶和海马磁共振质子波谱成像研究

目的 探讨阳性症状为主型精神分裂症首次发病患者前额叶和海马的磁共振质子波谱(1H-MRS)变化特点,为其病因学探讨提供线索.方法 对22例首次发病精神分裂症阳性症状为主型患者(患者组)和11名年龄、性别、受教育时间均匹配的正常对照者(对照组),应用2D 1H-MRS成像技术检测2组双侧前额叶白质、前扣带回皮质、海马N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱(Cho)、肌酸(Cr)3种代谢物,分别计算NAA/Cr和Cho/Cr的比值;采用配对t检验、独立样本t检验进行统计分析.结果 (1)患者组左侧额叶白质NAA/Cr和Cho/Cr分别为(1.63±0.30)和(1.23±0.26),均低于对照组[(2.10±0.30)、(1.54±0.25)],右侧额叶白质NAA/Cr(1.70±0.34)低于对照组(1.97±0.34),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01和P<0.05);(2)双侧前扣带回皮质NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr值与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(3)患者组右侧海马NAA/Cr(1.59±0.27)高于对照组(1.24±0.17),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);(4)对照组内左侧额叶白质Cho/Cr(1.54±0.25)高于右侧(1.35±0.18),左侧海马NAA/Cr(1.45±0.28)高于右侧(1.24±0.17),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);(5)患者组内左侧海马NAA/Cr和Cho/Cr分别为(1.43±0.27)和(1.39±0.38),均低于右侧[(1.59±0.27)、(1.56±0.39)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 首发精神分裂症阳性症状为主型患者的1H-MRS代谢物与正常人存在差异,提示阳性症状为主型患者存在双侧前额叶白质、海马的神经功能障碍.

Abstract：

Objective To identify the possible alteration of brain functioning in prefrontal lobes and hippocampus in the first-episode positive symptoms of schizophrenia using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Methods 1H-MRS was performed on prefrontal white matter, anterior cingulated cortex and hippocampus in 22 patients and 11 age-, sex-, and education-matched right-handed healthy controls. The ratios of N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr) and choline-containing compounds (Cho)/Cr were calculated. Results The NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios in the left prefrontal white matter in patients were lower than that in normal controls (patients, NAA/Cr 1. 63 ±0. 30; Cho/Cr 1. 23 ±0. 26; controls, NAA/Cr 2. 10 ±0. 30; Cho/Cr 1. 54 ± 0. 25, P<0. 01) , and NAA/Cr in the right prefrontal white matter was lower in patients than in controls (patients 1. 70 ± 0. 34; controls 1. 97 ± 0. 34, P<0. 05). There were no significant difference in NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr for the bilateral anterior cingulated cortex between patients and controls (P>0. 05). The ratio of NAA/Cr in the right hippocampus was significantly higher in patients than that in controls (patients 1. 59 ± 0. 27; controls 1. 24 ± 0. 17, P<0. 01). In addition, in healthy controls,Cho/Cr was significantly higher in the left prefrontal white matter than in the right (left 1. 54 ± 0. 25; right 1. 35 ±0. 18, P<0. 05) , and NAA/Cr in the left hippocampus was significantly higher than in the right (left 1. 45 ± 0. 28; right 1. 24 ± 0. 17, P<0. 05). While NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr in the left hippocampus were significantly lower than in the right hippocampus in schizophrenia patients (left, NAA/Cr 1.43 ± 0. 27;Cho/Cr 1.39 ±0.38; right, NAA/Cr 1.59 ±0.27; Cho/Cr 1.56 ±0.39, P<0.05). Conclusion There is the significant difference of manifestation of 1H-MRS between schizophrenia patients with positive symptoms and normal controls, which reflects neuronal dysfunction in the prefrontal lobes and hippocampus.     

Review of 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy findings in major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis

In a review of the current literature, we identified (1)H MRS studies of major depressive disorder (MDD) that examined the metabolites N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), myo-inositol (mI), glutamate/glutamine/gamma-aminobutyric acid-GABA (Glx), and creatine (Cr). Separate meta-analyses comparing adult and pediatric MDD patients with healthy controls were performed. For adults, 14 studies with 227 patients/246 controls for NAA, 15 studies with 240 patients/261 controls for Cho, seven studies with 96 patients/104 controls for mI, six studies with 86 patients/109 controls for Glx, and nine studies with 146 patients/173 controls for Cr were identified. There were six studies containing a total of 79 pediatric depressed patients. We performed 15 separate meta-analyses to combine results from studies with similar characteristics. Adult MDD patients had higher Cho/Cr values than controls in the basal ganglia. In contrast, three studies on Glx levels indicated significantly lower Glx levels in the frontal lobe of MDD patients. The review indicated increased Cho/Cr in the basal ganglia in MDD and no alteration of NAA, suggesting an increased membrane turnover in MDD without a neurodegenerative outcome. Lower Glx levels in depressed patients in contrast to a likely hyperglutamatergic state in bipolar disorder may implicate a different pathophysiological ground in MDD.     

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in subjects at risk for schizophrenia

We used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) to examine biochemical characteristics of the brain tissue in subjects at risk for schizophrenia. Nineteen participants fulfilling research criteria for an early (n=10) or a late (n=9) at-risk syndrome, 21 patients with full disease according to DSM IV and 31 healthy control subjects were included in the study. Single-voxel 1H MRS was performed in the left frontal lobe, the anterior cingulate gyrus and the left superior temporal lobe. Subjects were followed longitudinally to detect conversion to schizophrenia. We observed a significant reduction of the metabolic ratios NAA/Cr and NAA/Cho in the left frontal lobe and of NAA/Cr in the anterior cingulate gyrus in both at-risk groups and in the schizophrenic patients compared with healthy controls. Those at-risk subjects, who converted to schizophrenia within the observation period, had a higher Cho/Cr and a lower NAA/Cho ratio in the anterior cingulate gyrus compared with non-converters. NAA/Cr did not differ between converters and non-converters. Six at-risk subjects were taking antidepressants, two were taking antipsychotics. There was no difference in any metabolic ratio in any region between at-risk subjects with and without medication. We conclude that the reduction of the neuronal marker NAA in the left prefrontal lobe and the anterior cingulate gyrus may represent a vulnerability indicator for schizophrenia in at-risk subjects, while elevated Cho in the anterior cingulate gyrus may be a predictor for conversion from the prodromal state to the full disease.     

精神分裂症首次发病未治疗患者静息态下局部脑区自发活动的研究

目的探讨精神分裂症首次发病未治疗患者静息态下局部脑区自发活动的情况:方法:利用低频振幅(ALFF)方法,对27例首次发病未治疗的精神分裂症患者(患者组)进行静息状态下功能磁共振(fMRI)扫描,对影像学数据进行ALFF方法处理,结果与22名年龄、性别及受教育程度相匹配的健康对照者(正常对照组)比较。结果:与正常对照组相比,患者组ALFF显著增高的脑区是运动前区、辅助运动区和眶额回;ALFF显著降低的脑区是楔前叶、后扣带回、内侧前额叶和角回(P0.05,Alphaism矫正)。结论:精神分裂症首次发病未治疗患者在静息态下运动前区、辅助运动区、眶额回、楔前叶、后扣带回、内侧前额叶和角回的局部脑区自发活动异常,这些异常脑区可能有助于解释精神分裂症的病理机制。     

脑干及小脑病变的质子磁共振波谱研究

目的探讨质子磁共振波谱（^1HMRS）分析对脑干及小脑病变的诊断价值。方法对15例健康志愿者和18例脑干及小脑病变患者分别进行^1HMRS采集,定量分析N-乙酰天门冬氨酸（NAA）、肌酸（Cr）和胆碱（Cho）代谢物的变化。结果肿瘤组NAA／Cr、NAA／（Cho＋Cr）的比值低于非肿瘤组,且两者都低于对照组,有显著的统计学差异（P〈0．05）;肿瘤组Cho／Cr的比值高于非肿瘤组,且两者都高于对照组,有显著的统计学差异（P〈0．05）。结论^1HMRS对脑干和小脑病变的定性诊断及预后评估有重要价值。     

MRS及DWI在脑胶质瘤中的应用价值

目的 探讨磁共振扩散加权成像（DWI）和1H-磁共振波谱（1H -MRS）在诊断脑胶质瘤及评价其分级中的作用.方法 选取80例脑胶质瘤患者进行DWI及MRS检查,通过测定脑肿瘤实质部分、对照正常侧的ADC值及比值（rADC）、N-乙酰天门冬氨酸（NAA）、胆碱（Cho）、肌酸（cr）水平及其比值,结合患者术后病理学检查结果,分析磁共振扩散加权成像（DWI）表观弥散系数（ADC）值和1H -磁共振波谱（1H -MRS）在诊断脑胶质瘤及其分级中的作用.结果 （1）高级别组患者ADC值与rADC值均显著低于低级别组,相关分析发现ADC值与rADC值与肿瘤级别呈负相关;（2）与低级别组相比,高级别组患者NAA/Cho、NAA/Cr显著降低,Cho/Cr值显著升高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.相关分析显示NAA/Cho、NAA/Cr与肿瘤级别呈负相关,Cho/Cr与肿瘤级别呈正相关.结论 通过检测rADC值、NAA/Cho、NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr的变化,可以评价低级别及高级别的脑胶质瘤,为术前分级提供重要的指导.