P(St-co-MMA)微球表面包覆磁性氧化石墨烯的制备与表征

以单分散的苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物(P(St-co-MMA))微球为载体,FeSO₄·7H₂O和FeCl₃·6H₂O为铁源,NaOH为沉淀剂,在氧化石墨烯(GO)存在下,利用反相共沉淀法通过原位复合技术在P(St-co-MMA)微球表面包覆磁性氧化石墨烯(P(St-co-MMA)/Fe₃O₄/GO)。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和氮吸附-脱附等温线对P(St-co-MMA)/Fe₃O₄/GO样品的结构和性能进行表征分析。研究结果表明:纳米级的磁性氧化石墨烯成功地负载在了微米级的共聚物P(St-co-MMA)表面,所制备的P(St-co-MMA)/Fe₃O₄/GO微纳米复合物平均孔径为14.55 nm,孔体积为0.204 2 cm³/g,比表面积为56.14 m²/g。该复合物具有超顺磁性和良好的磁响应性,能够满足磁分离的要求。     

中空纤维膜反应器结合芬顿试剂脱除燃煤烟气中的Hg0

将中空纤维膜反应器和芬顿试剂结合脱除烟气中的Hg⁰。研究了不同参数以及SO₂、NO和O₂等杂质气体对Hg⁰脱除的影响。结果表明：随着H₂O₂浓度、Fe²⁺浓度、溶液初始pH和温度的增加,Hg⁰脱除率先增加后降低,其最佳工作条件是H₂O₂浓度为6 mmol/L,Fe²⁺浓度为9 mmol/L,溶液初始pH为2.5,温度为20℃;增大液气比和通过减小气相流量增大停留时间均对Hg⁰脱除有增强作用,当液气比超过0.11时,Hg⁰的脱除率不再增加;当气相流量为0.6 L/min时,Hg⁰脱除率超过85%;SO₂、NO对Hg⁰的脱除有抑制作用,O₂对Hg⁰的脱除几乎没有影响;还测定出温度20℃下中空纤维膜反应器的比相界面积a=270.29 m^-1和传质动力学参数k_L=8.13×10^-4 m/s,k_G=0.786×10^-6 mol/（m²·s·Pa）。     

Nb2O5掺杂对SrTiO3陶瓷显微结构和微波介电损耗的影响

采用无压烧结工艺制备了Nb₂O₅掺杂SrTiO₃陶瓷,研究了Nb₂O₅掺杂量对SrTiO₃陶瓷相组成、显微结构和微波介电损耗的影响。结果表明：Nb₂O₅掺杂对SrTiO₃陶瓷的相结构没有产生明显的影响,但会在一定程度上阻碍样品的致密化,同时促进晶粒的生长。随着Nb₂O₅掺杂量的增加,SrTiO₃陶瓷的介电常数从296逐渐下降至230左右,温度系数从1.714×10^-3℃^-1逐渐下降至1.629×10^-3℃^-1,Q×f值则先急剧升高,之后又慢慢下降。当Nb₂O₅掺杂量为0.15%（质量分数,下同）时,SrTiO₃陶瓷样品的介电损耗最低,Q×f可达6 281 GHz,大约是纯SrTiO₃（1 145 GHz）陶瓷样品的5.5倍（此时介电常数约为270,温度系数约为1.684×10^-3℃^-1）。此外,对材料显微结构、介电常数、温度系数特别是介电损耗变化的原因进行了分析。     

SiO2-Bi2O3-BaF2-AlPO4玻璃掺杂Ho3+/Tm3+/Yb3+的发光性能

以铋硅酸盐玻璃（SiO₂-Bi₂O₃-BaF₂-AlPO₄）为基质,通过掺杂Ho³⁺、Tm³⁺、Yb³⁺稀土离子,制备激光波长为2 μm的光纤激光器。对玻璃的声子能量、物理和光学性能进行了研究,确定基质配方为50SiO₂-40Bi₂O₃-5BaF₂-5AlPO₄（SBBA,其中化学式前的系数为对应物质的摩尔分数,下同）。在玻璃基质中分别掺杂0.5Ho₂O₃-2.0Yb₂O₃（HY）、0.5Ho₂O₃-0.5Tm₂O₃-2.0Yb₂O₃（0.5HTY）及0.75Ho₂O₃-0.75Tm₂O₃-3.0Yb₂O₃（0.75HTY）,研究了980 nm激发波长下样品的吸收、发射光谱和Judd-Oflet理论光谱参数。研究发现SBBA-0.75HTY中Ho³⁺的吸收截面、发射截面（σ_em）、FWHM（半峰宽）×σ_em数值最大,分别为7.38×10^-21、10.54×10^-21 cm²和19.71×10^-26 cm³。掺入Tm₂O₃改善了玻璃激光器性能,且当Yb³⁺/Tm³⁺/Ho³⁺物质的量之比一定时,增加稀土离子含量,可加强红外发光及增益效果。     

羟胺促进柠檬酸-Fe2+活化过碳酸钠降解三氯乙烯

研究了柠檬酸（CA）螯合Fe²⁺活化过碳酸盐体系中投加盐酸羟胺（HAH）对三氯乙烯（TCE）的去除效果。结果发现,HAH能有效将Fe³⁺还原为Fe²⁺,强化TCE的去除效果。当TCE初始浓度为0.15 mmol/L时,n_SPC：n_Fe²⁺：n_TCE=5：3：1时,在CA浓度为0.5 mmol/L条件下,HAH最佳投加浓度为1.5 mmol/L,此时TCE去除率为99.6%。·OH对TCE降解的贡献度为79.2%,O₂^-·的贡献度为21.9%。HAH可减轻HCO₃^-对TCE降解的抑制效应,中间产物为甲酸、NO₂^-和NO₃^-。HAH利于SPC/Fe²⁺/CA体系降解TCE,该结果可为实际TCE污染地下水修复提供技术支撑。     

参麦注射液抗氧化活性体外实验研究

[目的] 系统研究参麦注射液体外抗氧化性能。[方法] 采用铁还原抗氧化能力 （FRAP）法、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（DPPH）自由基清除法、一氧化氮（NO）自由基清除法、过氧化氢（H₂O₂）清除法、亚铁（Fe²⁺）离子螯合法分别测试不同稀释倍率参麦注射液的总抗氧化能力、DPPH·清除活性、NO·清除活性、H₂O₂清除活性和Fe²⁺离子螯合活性,并将结果与0.1mg/mL 2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚（BHT）、10 mmol/L水溶性维生素E（Trolox）和10%柠檬酸的结果进行比较。[结果] 参麦注射液具有一定的体外抗氧化能力,总抗氧化能力和对自由基清除活性均呈浓度正依赖性;10倍稀释参麦注射液总抗氧化能力显著低于BHT和Trolox （P<0.01）,但高于柠檬酸（P<0.01）;参麦注射液对不同自由基清除能力存在差异,其强弱顺序为：NO·[（54.4±6.6）%] > Fe²⁺离子螯[（42.6±3.2）%] > DPPH·[（36.2±2.8）%] > H₂O₂[（23.5±1.2）%]。[结论] 参麦注射液体外抗氧化活性研究将为其抗氧化药理学机制提供了实验依据。     

侧链含有不同电子受体的聚咔唑衍生物的合成及其WORM型存储性能

利用Suzuki偶联反应合成了3 种侧链含有不同电子受体的可溶性D-A型聚咔唑衍生物:聚[(9-(2-己基葵基)-9H-咔唑)-(9-(4-硝基苯基)-9H-咔唑)](PCz-NO₂)、聚[(9-(2-己基葵基)-9H-咔唑)-(4-(9H-咔唑-9-基)苯甲醛)](PCz-CHO)和聚[(9-(2-己基葵基)-9H-咔唑)-(4-(9H-咔唑-9-基)苯甲腈)](PCz-CN)。基于这3种聚合物的存储器件(器件结构:Al(200 nm)/高分子(90 nm)/氧化铟锡(ITO)均表现出典型的电双稳电子开关效应和非易失性一次写入多次读出(WORM)型存储性能。随着共轭聚合物光学带隙的增加[2.26 eV(PCz-NO₂)→2.79 eV(PCz-CHO)→3.20 eV(PCz-CN)],相应器件的启动阈值电压逐渐增大(-1.70 V→-1.81 V→-1.89 V);而电流开关比(ON/OFF)则依次减小(6.63×10⁴→4.08×10⁴→5.68×10³)。含氰基的聚咔唑衍生物需要的开启电压最大,展现出来的电流开关比在3种聚合物中则最小。     

喹喔啉与二辛基芴交替共聚物的合成及其酸致变色性能

通过还原4,7-二溴-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑制备2,5-二溴邻苯二胺,并分别与1,10-邻菲罗啉-5,6-二酮、苊醌、菲醌和联苯甲酰缩合反应,制备了4种单喹喔啉衍生物（M1、M2、M3、M4）。在二乙酸钯（Pd（CH₃COO）₂）和配体三环己基膦的催化下,通过Suzuki反应将2,7-二（4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼酸烷）-9,9-二辛基芴（M5）分别与M1、M2、M3、M4交替共聚制得4种聚合物（P1、P2、P3、P4）。通过FT-IR和¹H-NMR等测试方法表征所有单体及聚合物的结构。通过UV-Vis光谱和荧光光谱探讨了4种聚合物在CHCl₃溶液中本征态的光谱性能,以及相应聚合物的CHCl₃溶液被低浓度三氟乙酸（TFA）质子化时的光学性能。结果显示,4种聚合物对低浓度TFA有良好的敏感性。聚合物P1与2.17×10^-7 mol/L的TFA作用时,P1的CHCl₃溶液明显变色。聚合物P2~P4的CHCl₃溶液与4.32×10^-3 mol/L的TFA作用时,溶液颜色发生变化,与此同时在UV-Vis光谱上500~800 nm处出现新的吸收带。同时,4种交替共聚物的CHCl₃溶液具有较好的荧光性能,当溶液中加入低浓度的TFA时,即在4种聚合物的CHCl₃溶液中分别加入7.0×10^-10、1.73×10^-6、7.5×10^-7 mol/L和4.0×10^-6 mol/L的TFA时,其荧光发射强度明显减弱。     

青蒿素分子印迹聚合物分子识别性研究

目的 合成对青蒿素具有特异识别能力的分子印迹聚合物。方法 采用分子印迹技术合成了以青蒿素为模板分子,丙烯酰胺为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂的青蒿素分子印迹聚合物。运用平衡结合试验研究了聚合物的吸附特性和选择识别能力。结果 Scatchard模型分析表明,该分子印迹聚合物在识别青蒿素分子的过程中存在两类不同的结合位点。高亲和力结合位点的离解常数K_d1＝1.87 mmol/L ,最大表观结合常数Q_MAX1＝27.99 μmol/g;低亲和力结合位点的离解常数K_d2＝48.5 mmol/L,最大表观结合常数Q_MAX2＝334.4 μmol/g。结论 结合底物的实验结果表明,青蒿素分子印迹聚合物对青蒿素具有良好的特征吸附和选择识别性能,为天然产物中高效分离纯化活性成分青蒿素提供了一种新型材料。     

N-(4-咪唑甲基)-羟乙基壳聚糖自组装胶束载槲皮素的研究

为了提高天然黄酮类化合物槲皮素的水溶性,将天然高分子材料壳聚糖进行两亲性衍生化制成N-(4-咪唑甲基)-羟乙基壳聚糖(MHC),作为槲皮素自组装聚合物胶束载体,并采用¹H NMR、元素分析法、芘荧光光谱法等进行了表征;同时采用单因素考察法进行了MHC-槲皮素胶束的工艺优化。结果表明,载体浓度为0.67%、槲皮素与MHC质量比为1∶10时可以获得粒径为(99.21±1.71)nm,Zeta电位为+(20.01±0.72)mV,载药量为(5.42±0.32)%的聚合物胶束;其体外释药曲线符合Higuchi方程Q=0.110 1t^1/2-0.064。槲皮素胶束和槲皮素溶液剂静脉注射给药后,在大鼠体内平均滞留时间分别是21.42和0.30 h,AUC_0-t分别为57.49和2.50 μg·h/mL,表明采用MHC为载体材料的槲皮素自组装胶束具有较好的增溶、缓释以及提高生物利用度的作用,可作为槲皮素等抗肿瘤药物的载体。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.