124例无骨折脱位颈脊髓损伤与患病年龄探讨

目的探讨无骨折脱位颈脊髓损伤患者的患病年龄特点,为其手术治疗提供依据。方法回顾性收集2011年1月-2017年4月本院收治的124例无骨折脱位颈脊髓损伤患者临床资料,按年龄分布纳入不同年龄组别,分析各年龄组患者的致伤原因及发病机制。结果无骨折脱位颈脊髓损伤在35-65岁年龄组呈现一高峰,该段年龄组患者活动强度大,损伤机会更多,并且多存在颈椎退行性变,故被认为是其高发人群。结论对无骨折脱位颈脊髓损伤患者患病的年龄探讨,可对其发生和发展进行评估,有利于为手术治疗提供依据。     

无骨折脱位型急性颈脊髓损伤的MRI特点及意义

目的探讨无骨折脱位型急性颈脊髓损伤的MRI改变特点及其在脊髓损伤程度、预后及治疗中的作用。方法回顾性分析26例无骨折脱位型急性颈脊髓损伤的MRI和临床资料。结果无骨折脱位型急性颈脊髓损伤MRI绝大多数表现为脊髓水肿，急性期T1加权像等信号，T2加权像高信号。慢性期部分T1加权像局限性低信号，T2加权像局限性高信号。MRI T2加权像单节段脊髓水肿预后较双节段以上者好。结论无骨折脱位型急性颈脊髓损伤MRI信号改变及其范围能反映脊髓损伤程度，提示预后，指导治疗。     

无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤的诊断和治疗

外伤导致的颈脊髓损伤是一种严重创伤,,预后常不甚理想。其中无骨折脱位型的颈脊髓损伤较易误诊或漏诊,故应引起重视。外伤性无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤是指普通X线片,CT,MRI检查无骨折脱位的一种特殊类型的脊髓损伤,在临床上多见于50岁以上老年人,我们对1994年2月至1998年8月经治的162例急性外伤性颈髓损伤中26例无骨折脱位的病例诊断和冶疗做一探讨。临床资料一、一般资料　26例无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤患者中,不全性脊髓损伤22例,完全性脊髓损伤4例,年龄最小22岁,最大72岁,平均年龄为48.6岁。男女比例3.6:1,所有病例均在伤后72小时内作了MRI…     

前路扩大减压术治疗颈椎骨折脱位脊髓损伤

临床上，外伤导致颈椎骨折脱位者常见，大多发生脊髓损伤而致四肢瘫痪。掌握手术时机，尽早解除脊髓压迫和恢复脊柱的稳定性，可获一定疗效。总结1988年以来应用颈前路扩大减压术治疗颈椎骨折脱位脊髓损伤216例，报告于下。     

无放射影像脊柱骨折脱位颈髓损伤30例

无放射影像脊柱骨折脱位颈髓损伤(Spinalcord injury without radiographic spinal fracture--dislocation,SCIWORSFD)是脊髓损伤一种特殊类型.既往报告称之为无骨折脱位型脊髓损伤或无放射影像异常脊髓损伤,命名较为混乱,含义不确切.大多数专家学者建议更名为"无放射影像脊柱骨折脱位脊髓损伤"[1].此类损伤临床并非少见,且有逐年上升趋势.我科自1997年5月～2000年4月共收治此类损伤30例,结合文献,我们对这组病例进行分类讨论.     

无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤的手术治疗

目的：探讨外伤性无骨折脱位颈脊髓损伤的手术指证、手术效果并分析影响疗效的因素。方法：外伤性无骨折脱位颈脊髓损伤16例，手术治疗的方式均行单开门推管扩大成型术。结果：根据JOA17分法评分，术后脊髓功能均有改善。随访2个月-2年7个月，平均1年8个月。术后脊髓功能优良达81.3％。结论：外伤性无骨折脱位颈脊髓损伤，应正确选择术式，早期行手术。     

无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤及外科治疗

头颈部遭受外力时发生颈椎骨折、脱位,合并颈脊髓损伤,是人们所熟知的。但致伤轻微、检查后未见颈椎骨折、脱位,却发生颈脊髓损伤的情况在临床上也不少见。对这种损伤的原因、机制一直存在不同的见解。传统观点认为,这种损伤系颈椎一过性脱位所致,但是这种理论从未得到临床证实。Jefferson(1941)提出这种损伤的原因是椎间盘损伤或突出;Taylor(1948)指出颈椎过伸损伤时即使没有骨折脱位,黄韧带的皱褶向椎管内突出也可以引起脊髓损伤;Epsten(1980)发现没有骨折脱位的颈脊髓损伤与发育性颈椎管狭窄有关。但对于这种损伤的概念、主要病因、病…     

无骨折脱位的急性颈脊髓损伤

1980年7月至1988年6月,我院骨科共收治急性、外伤性颈脊髓损伤80例.其中,X线片显示颈椎骨折或脱位54例,无骨折及脱位26例,后者占32.5%.无骨折、脱位的急性外伤性颈脊髓损伤并不少见,由于对其认识不足,往往不能得到正确的诊断和治疗.本文仅对无骨折脱位的26例加以分析.     

41例无骨折脱位型脊髓损伤治疗分析

无骨折脱位型脊髓损伤又叫过伸型脊髓损伤,是指颈椎过度伸展性暴力造成的颈脊髓损伤,常常是由于挥鞭样暴力造成的脊髓急性损伤.X线检查无骨折或脱位,但是却有明显神经体征.近年来随着CT、MRI检查的普及应用,无骨折脱位型脊髓损伤的诊断已经不再困难,分析我院2006年11月至2010年12月收治的41例无骨折脱位型脊髓损伤病例资料进行分析.     

前路钢板在下颈椎骨折脱位的临床治疗及效果分析

目的对前路钢板在下颈椎骨折脱位临床治疗及效果进行回顾性分析。方法对下颈椎骨折脱位合并脊髓损伤33例行经颈前路椎间盘摘除或骨折椎体次全切除髂骨取骨植骨Cordman或Zephir钢板固定。结果随访12周～2年,内固定稳定,颈前植骨于12～16周骨性愈合,椎间高度、生理曲度、固定节段稳定性维持良好。15例不全性脊髓损伤的脊髓功能均获不同程度的改善,18例脊髓完全性损伤者临床症状得到缓解,但是脊髓功能无恢复,Frankel分级无变化。结论下颈椎骨折脱位应用前路减压植骨钢板内固定术可获得彻底减压、即刻稳定性、恢复椎间高度及颈椎的生理曲度,防止脊髓进一步损伤,促进神经功能的恢复。     

创伤性上升性脊髓缺血损伤

脊椎损伤后,脊髓损伤平面上升较为少见。作者报告了５例,其中Ｔ１０－１１骨折脱位２例：１例于伤后２周内,截竣平面上升至Ｃ２,呼吸麻痹死亡,１例上升至颈部脊髓,双上肢无力;另３例为Ｔ１２骨折２例,Ｌ３骨折１例：其中截竣平面上升至Ｔ９至１例,Ｔ８者２例。５例患者双下肢皆呈软竣,１例死亡患者尸检见脊髓完整,Ｔ９－１０段脊髓前后动静脉血栓,其向上至Ｃ３,向下至Ｓ１,脊髓前血管、中央血管、髓内小血管多处 栓,     

Thoracic spinal trauma associated with closed thoracoabdominal injury

Objective: To explore the management of thoracic spinal trauma (TST) associated with closed thoracoabdominal injuries (CTAI). Methods: A retrospective study was made on 259 patients with TST admitted to our department as an emergency treatment from January 1996 to June 2001. We summarized the clinical features of TST associated with CTAI. Results: Among 259 patients with thoracic spinal trauma, 112 were associated with CTAI. Traffic accident was the most common cause. The force causing upper TST was more violent than that causing the lower. Pulmonary complications were the leading cause of death in this group.Surgery could not improve neurological function for completely paraplegic patients. Conclusions: The reason that upper TST has the tendency to be associated with CTAI is its special anatomical feature. Routine ultrasonic examination can avoid misdiagnosis of latent closed abdominal injuries associated with spinal injury. The presence of potential injuries, especially CTAI, should be considered when deciding whether or not to perform surgery early.     

神经毒素在脊髓损伤中的作用

目的 探讨神经毒素兴奋性氨基酸（ＥＡＡ）和神经肽在脊髓损伤的作用。方法 应用高效液相色谱法检测脊髓损伤后伤段组织中谷氨酸（Ｇｌｕ）天门冬氨酸（Ａｓｐ）两种ＥＡＡ的含量变化；应用放射免疫分析技术测定脊髓损伤段组织中神经肽之一强腓肽ＤｙｎＡ１－１３含量的变化；观察了蛛网膜下腔注射Ｇｌｕ，ＤｙａｎＡ１－１３兴奋性氨基酸受体拮抗剂３－（２－羧基哌嗪）丙基－１－磷酸（ＣＰＰ），ＤｙｎＡ１－１３抗血清（Ａｎ－     

Pressure changes in spinal canal and evaluation of spinal cord injuries in spinal section subjected to impact

ＴＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＯｒｔｈｏｐｅｄｉｃｓ ,2 5 4ｔｈＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌｏｆＰＬＡ ,Ｔｉａｎｊｉｎ30 0 142 ,Ｃｈｉｎａ (ＸｉｅＢＧ ,ＷｕＭＹａｎｄＹａｎｇＪＸ)ｈｏｒａｃｏｌｕｍｂａｒｂｕｒｓｔｆｒａｃｔｕｒｅｓａｒｅｏｆｔｅｎｓｅｅｎｉｎｆａｌｌｉｎｇａｎｄｔｒａｆｆｉｃａｃｃｉｄｅｎｔｉｎｊｕｒｉｅｓ ,ｉｎｗｈｉｃｈａｘｉａｌｌｏａｄｉｎｇａｃｔｓｏｎｔｈｅｖｅｒｔｅｂｒａｌｃｏｌｕｍｎ .Ｔｈｅｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅｉｎｓｐｉｎａｌｃａｎａｌｉｓｒｅｌａｔｅｄｔｏｉｎｊｕｒｙｐａｔｔｅｒｎ ,ｓｅ…     

急性脊髓损伤的早期临床治疗

基于脊髓损伤(spina cord injuries,SCI)的病理改变,目前的治疗主要针对完全性损伤及不完全性损伤,治疗的目的是稳定脊柱、限制脊髓的继发性损害和恢复脊髓的残存功能[1].不完全性脊髓损伤的治疗要点是脊髓的彻底减压,完全性脊髓损伤则以终止病理改变的进行性发展为目的,提倡早期综合治疗[2],以稳定脊柱、解除压迫、降低内压、改善局部供血供氧状态、消除水肿、降低代谢水平及保护尚未直接损伤的神经细胞等.但无论是不完全性损伤还是完全性损伤都应遵循以下原则.     

Imaging diagnosis of cervical spine and spinal cord injuries in children

ＣＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＯｒｔｈｏｐｅｄｉｃＳｕｒｇｅｒｙ ,ＸｉｎｈｕａＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌ,ＳｈａｎｇｈａｉＳｅｃｏｎｄＭｅｄｉｃａｌＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ ,Ｓｈａｎｇｈａｉ 2 0 0 0 92 ,Ｃｈｉｎａ(ＤａｉＬＹ)ｅｒｖｉｃａｌｓｐｉｎｅａｎｄｓｐｉｎａｌｃｏｒｄｉｎｊｕｒｉｅｓｉｎｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎａｒｅｒａｒｅ .Ｔｈｅｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌｓｐｅｃｔｒｕｍｖａｒｉｅｓｄｅｐｅｎｄｉｎｇｏｎｔｈｅｌｅｖｅｌａｎｄｓｅｖｅｒｉｔｙｏｆｔｈｅｉｎｊｕｒｙ .Ｔｈｅｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓｗｉｔｈｍｉｌｄｉｎｊｕｒｙｍａｙｏ…     

Post-traumatic growth following spinal cord injury

Context/objective

Examine the relationship of post-traumatic psychological growth (PTG), depression, and personal and injury characteristics in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design

Cross-sectional survey.

Setting

Community.

Participants

Eight hundred and twenty-four adults with SCI.

Interventions

None.

Outcome measures

Five items from the Post-traumatic Growth Inventory, reflecting positive change after injury in life priorities, closeness to others, new opportunities being available, stronger faith, and personal strength.

Results

Initial structural equation model testing of a conceptual model of personal and injury characteristics, violent etiology, depression, and PTG resulted in a poor fit. Model modifications resulted in an improved fit, but explained only 5% of the variance in PTG. Being female, younger, having less formal education, and less time since injury had significant relationships with PTG, whereas depression, violent etiology, and injury level/severity did not. In each PTG domain, between 54 and 79% of the sample reported at least some positive change after injury.

Conclusions

The results of this study, while promising, explained only a small portion of the variance in PTG. A majority of the sample experienced some positive change after injury, with the greatest change in discovering that they were stronger than they thought they were. Comparing means previously reported in a non-SCI sample of those who experienced trauma, positive change after injury was comparable for each PTG item except for new opportunities being available, which was significantly lower for those with SCI. Future directions of research include the development of theoretical models of PTG after SCI.     

跳跃性脊柱骨折并脊髓损伤的治疗

目的：探讨跳跃性脊柱骨折的诊断和治疗方法。方法 22例手术治疗12例,保守治疗10例,结果 漏诊率达22．7％,按Frankel功能分级,手术治疗和保守治疗脊髓功能均有恢复但差异不明显。结论 对该类损伤要明确受伤机制,仔细检查,以防漏诊。适当放宽手术指征,警惕其他脏器合并伤。     

钙调素拮抗剂对大鼠脊髓损伤的作用及意义

目的观察钙调素（ＣａＭ）特异性拮抗剂三氟啦嗪（ＴＦＰ）对脊髓损伤（ＳＣＩ）的影响,探讨ＣａＭ在ＳＣＩ病理机制中的作用。方法采用氢清除法、斜板试验和电生理技术,以６４只大鼠为实验对象观察ＴＦＰ对ＳＣＩ后脊髓血流量（ＳＣＢＦ）、运动功能和诱发电位（ＭＥＰ）的影响。结果在肾上腺素维持系统动脉压的条件下,ＴＦＰ可明显改善ＳＣＩ后ＳＣＢＦ、ＭＥＰ和运动功能。结论ＣａＭ拮抗剂对ＳＣＩ具有保护作用,ＣａＭ可能是参与ＳＣＩ病理机制的重要因素     

无骨折脱位颈髓损伤的临床治疗

1996—2001年，我院在颈髓损伤的治疗中，收治无骨折脱位的颈髓损伤患者24例。由于此类患者X线检查无明显骨折脱位以及对该病的认识和经验不足，较易造成漏诊、误诊，治疗效果常不够理想。本文就对该病的临床诊断、治疗和发病机制作一探讨，报告如下。