改良翼点入路显微切除鞍结节脑膜瘤

Objective To summarize the experience with modified transpterygoid craniotomy for microsurgical resection of tuberculum sellae meningiomas. Methods The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed in 26 patients with tuberculum sellae meningiomas admitted between January, 2001 and April, 2007 in our hospital to receive microsurgical meningioma removal using a modified transpterional approach. The basal part of the tumor was firstly coagulated and dissected to control the blood supply of the lesion. Through the cerebral cisterns in the sellar region and the interfaces between the tumor and the adjacent structures, the tumor was removed to the greatest possible extent with minimal invasiveness to the neighboring structures. Results Simpson grade Ⅰ resection was achieved in 11 patients, grade Ⅱ resection in 14 patients, and grade Ⅲ resection in 1 patient. The visual acuity and the optic field were improved in 23 patients, and remained unchanged in 1 patient after the operation. Two patients had postoperative visual acuity deterioration, which was improved after appropriate treatment. Seven patients developed diabetes insipidus after the operation, and gradually recovered after symptomatic treatments for about 10 days without fatal consequences. Follow-up for 6 months to 5 years found no recurrence of meningiomas in these patients. Conclusions The modified transpterional approach provides excellent exposure of the middle fossa, anterior cranial fossa, saddle and parasellar areas, and is effective for different types of tuberculum seilae meningiomas with increased total resection rate and reduced postoperative complications.     

鞍结节脑膜瘤显微手术治疗体会

目的 探讨鞍结节脑膜瘤手术入路选择、手术技巧及临床效果.方法 回顾性分析2000年2月至2006年10月手术治疗的45例鞍结节脑膜瘤的临床资料,14例经单侧额下入路,15例经翼点入路,9例经眶额翼点入路,7例扩大经额入路.结果 肿瘤全切除42例,大部分切除3例;术后视力改善33例,无明显变化9例,3例恶化.结论 根据肿瘤大小、部位、生长方式及毗邻关系选择正确的手术入路并结合熟练的显微外科手术操作是全切除肿瘤及获得良好临床疗效的关键.

Abstract：

Objective To study the surgical approaches, operative techniques and curative effects of tuberculum sellae meningiomas. Method Retrospective analysis was made on 45 cases of tuberculum sellae meningiomas operated with a variety of surgical approaches. In 14 patients,the tumors were removed through unilateral subfrontal approach, 15 through pterional approach,9 through fronto - orbital craniotomy and 7 through extended frontal approach. Results Of the 45 cases, tumor was totally removed in 42 cases, subtotally removed in 3. Postoperatively, the eyesight was improved in 33 cases, unchanged in 9 cases, and worse in 3 cases. Conclusions The surgical approach for tuberculum sellae meningioma should be chosen according to the size, location, growth pattern and adjacent relation of tumor. The microsurgical skill is the key for total removal of tumor and good curative effect.     

显微手术切除脑中央区双侧镰旁巨大脑膜瘤

目的 探讨显微外科技术在脑中央区双侧镰旁巨大脑膜瘤手术中的应用.方法 采用跨中线骨瓣、条状硬脑膜瓣、向对侧牵引上矢状窦和经单侧纵裂切除双侧肿瘤等显微手术技术,切除16例脑中央区双侧镰旁巨大脑膜瘤.结果 肿瘤均为Simpson I级切除,术后症状较术前改善13例,与术前相同3例,无手术死亡;术后随访6个月-5年,全部患者均未见肿瘤复发.结论 应用显微外科技术能够较好地避免过度牵拉脑叶,减少功能区脑皮层和重要回流静脉的损伤,消除了上矢状窦对大脑镰的"屋檐效应",有利于肿瘤的暴露和完全切除.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate microsurgical techniques in bilateral falcine meningiomas of central gyrus region surgery. Methods Sixteen patients with bilateral falcine meningiomas in central gyrus region were treateded with a series of microsurgical techniques, including midline - crossing craniotomy,dural cut in a strip fashion with a flap based on the superior sagittal sinus, retraction of the superior sagittal sinus toward the opposite side and an ipsilateral interhemispheric fissure approach. The clinical data and prognosis was summarized. Results Simpson I grade removal was achieved in all patients. The neurological functions were improved in 13 cases, unchanged in 3 cases postoperatively. There was no postoperative death. The follow up period of patients ranged from 6 to 60 months and no tumor recurrence was observed. Conclusion Application of minimally microsurgical techniques can be better to avoid over -stretch the brain leaves, reduce significant damage to eloquent cerebral cortex as well as venous reflux,and eliminate the "eaves effect" of the superior sagittal sinus to the falx in favor of exposure and complete resection of tumor.     

经翼点-眶顶入路切除颅眶沟通肿瘤

目的 探讨经翼点-眶顶入路切除颅眶沟通肿瘤的手术方法和治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析自2004年至2009年收治的13例颅眶沟通肿瘤患者的临床资料,采取经翼点-眶顶入路的手术方式切除肿瘤.结果 在13例患者中,肿瘤全切10例,大部或部分切除3例.经组织病理学检查证实良性肿瘤9例,恶性肿瘤4例.最常见的肿瘤类型为脑膜瘤,本组6例.所有患者的临床症状在术后均有不同程度的改善,无手术死亡及严重并发症.结论 经翼点-眶顶入路切除颅眶沟通肿瘤,操作简便、易于暴露、手术创伤小.术中应注意保护球后重要组织,并根据需要进行眶顶修补或重建.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the procedure via pterional -orbital approach for cranioorbital communicating tumors.Method 13 patients with cranio -orbital communicating tumors were retrospectively analyzed.Pterional approach was adopted for the operations with resection of orbital roof, and the surgical advantages and cautions were concerned.Results In 13 patients, 10 cases undertook total removal, and 3 cases undertook subtotal or partial removal of tumors.9 cases were benign, and 4 cases were malignant tumors.Pathological results showed that 6 cases were meningioma which was the most common type.Patient's follow - up ranged from 3 to 52 months, which showed that no operative death and severe complications were revealed.The most common complication was injury of extraocular muscles, which occurred in 4 patients.Conclusions Resection of cranio - orbital tumors via pterional - orbital approach provided facilities for exposing tumors and showed less operative damages.Protecting important tissues in postglobal region and reconstructing orbital roof will result in less postoperative complications.     

320排CT血管造影对窦旁脑膜瘤显微手术的指导意义

目的 评估320排CT血管造影(CTA)对窦旁脑膜瘤手术治疗的指导价值.方法 济南军区总医院神经外科自2008年5月至2010年8月对38例上矢状窦旁脑膜瘤患者术前行320排CTA检查,观察肿瘤血管与颅脑血管、肿瘤与颅骨的关系,指导肿瘤切除术.结果 320排CTA能清楚显示脑膜瘤的形态及其与邻近大血管、颅骨的三维关系和静脉窦的开放程度,38例患者均做到显微镜下全切除,其中SimpsonⅠ级26例,Ⅱ级12例,无手术死亡.术后出现暂时性偏瘫或原偏瘫加重8例,经治疗5例恢复正常.结论 320排CTA能提供脑膜瘤与邻近血管、颅骨和矢状窦的三维空间图像,为手术入路和术中矢状窦的处理提供有用信息,在窦旁脑膜瘤术前评估中有其独特的价值.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of 320-row CT angiography (CTA) in the microsurgery of parasagittal meningiomas. Methods Thirty-eight patients with parasagittal meningiomas, admitted to our hospital from May 2008 to August 2010 and confirmed by CT and MR1,were examined with the 320-row CTA to observe the relations between tumor blood vessels and brain vessels, and between the tumor and the skull. Results The 320-row CTA provided clear three-dimensional images of the meningioma and its relations with the adjacent vessels and the skull. The condition of blood flow in the parasagittal sinus was shown and the proper surgical approach to remove the neoplasm was demonstrated. Simpson graded Ⅰ and Ⅱ resection was achieved in 26 and 12 patients,respectively. All the patients recovered well without postoperative deaths. Temporary paralysis or aggravated paralysis was noted in 8 after the operation and 5 of them recovered. Conclusion The 320-row CTA, being able to provide images of the parasagittal meningioma, and demonstrating its relations with the skull, adjacent vessels and sagittal sinus, can supply the vital information to choose the proper surgical approach and provide the useful message to manage the sinus during the operation, which has a great value in preoperative evaluation of the parasagittal meningioma.     

高场强术中磁共振对脑胶质瘤切除程度及手术策略的影响

Objective To evaluate the impact of high-field intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) on extension of resection and surgical strategy modification for glioma surgery. Methods One hundred and six patients, admitted to our hospital from October 2009 to June 2010, were performed glioma resections with the help of high-field iMRI. Questionnaires were filled and collected prospectively to record the surgeons' intention on the extent of resection (EoR) and the intra-operative estimation of EoR before every iMRI scan. The scan imagings were collected based on the request of the surgeon, and the percentage of tumor removal was calculated according to the iMRI data. The impact of iMRI on the tumor EoR and modification of surgical strategy was then evaluated. Results Preoperatively, 48 patients were intended to achieve total tumor removal, 41 sub-total tumor removal, and 17 partial removal. The first intraoperative MRI scan revealed that 42 (39.6%) patients achieved complete resection, while residual tumors were depicted in 64 (60.4%).Further tumor resections were performed in 39 patients (36.8%), but the other 25 patients could not perform further resection for their tumors were closely neighbored to the important functional region or important tracts. Finally, in the whole cohort, the percentage of tumor resection volume was increased from (76.5±20.5)% to (94.2±8.7)%, with significant differences (U=2.000, P=0.000); 67 patients got complete removal, 25 sub-total removal and 14 partial removal; The total removal rate was significantly increased from 45.3% (48/106) to 63.2% (67/106): the average percentage of tumor resection volume in the second time of scan ([93.6±12.41%) was obviously increased as compared with that in the first scan ([86.3±20.21%, U=4.000, P=0.000). Conclusion High-field iMRI may increase the extent of glioma resection, and has significant impact on the intraoperative modification of the surgical strategy.     

高场强术中磁共振对脑胶质瘤切除程度及手术策略的影响

Objective To evaluate the impact of high-field intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) on extension of resection and surgical strategy modification for glioma surgery. Methods One hundred and six patients, admitted to our hospital from October 2009 to June 2010, were performed glioma resections with the help of high-field iMRI. Questionnaires were filled and collected prospectively to record the surgeons' intention on the extent of resection (EoR) and the intra-operative estimation of EoR before every iMRI scan. The scan imagings were collected based on the request of the surgeon, and the percentage of tumor removal was calculated according to the iMRI data. The impact of iMRI on the tumor EoR and modification of surgical strategy was then evaluated. Results Preoperatively, 48 patients were intended to achieve total tumor removal, 41 sub-total tumor removal, and 17 partial removal. The first intraoperative MRI scan revealed that 42 (39.6%) patients achieved complete resection, while residual tumors were depicted in 64 (60.4%).Further tumor resections were performed in 39 patients (36.8%), but the other 25 patients could not perform further resection for their tumors were closely neighbored to the important functional region or important tracts. Finally, in the whole cohort, the percentage of tumor resection volume was increased from (76.5±20.5)% to (94.2±8.7)%, with significant differences (U=2.000, P=0.000); 67 patients got complete removal, 25 sub-total removal and 14 partial removal; The total removal rate was significantly increased from 45.3% (48/106) to 63.2% (67/106): the average percentage of tumor resection volume in the second time of scan ([93.6±12.41%) was obviously increased as compared with that in the first scan ([86.3±20.21%, U=4.000, P=0.000). Conclusion High-field iMRI may increase the extent of glioma resection, and has significant impact on the intraoperative modification of the surgical strategy.     

蝶窦海绵窦脑膜瘤术后眼睑下垂相关因素及并发症分析

目的 分析蝶窦海绵窦脑膜瘤显微手术术后眼睑下垂相关因素及并发症.方法 回顾性研究首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院颅底脑干病房从1993年4月到2008年12月的49例蝶窦海绵窦脑膜瘤的治疗情况,对可能导致术后眼睑下垂的危险因素进行Logistic回归分析.结果 男41例,女38例;平均年龄52.4岁;病史平均20.9个月.最常见症状为脑神经损害,MRI发现肿瘤平均最大径为5.09 cm.30例患者采用额颞人路,14例采用额颞断颧弓人路,5例选用眶颧入路切除肿瘤.肿瘤近全切除率52%,死亡率2%.随访到39例患者,平均随访73.7个月,4例随访中死亡,生存的35例患者中,22例正常生活.多因素分析发现,术后眼睑下垂与海绵窦分级、术前KPS评分及既往手术史相关.结论 蝶窦海绵窦脑膜瘤全切困难,术后最常见并发症是动眼神经麻痹,术后眼睑下垂与海绵窦分级、术前KPS评分及既往手术史相关.术后随访发现肿瘤复发可辅助放疗.

Abstract：

Objective To study the surgical results and complications for sphenocavernous (SC)meningioma patients with special reference to postoperative ptosis.Method 49 consecutive cases of SC meningiomas operated between April 1993 and Dec 2008 in our department were reviewed.All the probable risk factors related to postoperative ptosis were studied with Logistic regression analysis.Results There were 38 female and 11 male patients ( mean age 52.4 years, range 31 ～ 74 years).The mean duration of symptoms was 20.9 months( ranging from 1 week to 108 months).Cranial nerves palsy was the most common presenting symptoms.The mean maximal diameter of tumor on MRI was 5.09 cm.Frontotemporal approach was performed in 30 cases,frontotemporal zygomatic approach in 14 cases and frontotemporal orbitozygomatic osteotomy approach in 5 cases.Subtotal resection was achieved in 52% patients.The surgical mortality was 2%.Follow -up data were available for 39 patients,with a mean follow- up of 73.7 months.Four patients died during follow - up period.Of the 35 living patients, 22 lived a normal life.Multi - factors that might influence ptosis after operation included the grading of cavernous extension, pre - operation KPS and the history of surgery for tumors.Conclusions Complete and safe resection of SC meningioma is difficult.Our experience suggests that the most common complication after SC meningioma surgery is ocular CN dysfunction.The factors relative to postoperative ptosis include the extension to cavernous sinus,pre - operation KPS and history of surgery for meningioma.Gamma knife radiosurgery could be considered as an adjuvant therapy only for recurrent tumors during follow - up period.     

高场强术中磁共振对脑胶质瘤切除程度及手术策略的影响

目的 评价高场强术中磁共振(iMRI)对脑胶质瘤手术切除程度及手术策略的影响.方法 解放军总医院神经外科自2009年10月至2010年6月将高场强iMRI系统应用于胶质瘤切除术患者106例,术前了解术者的切除意图(全切、次全切、大部切除),术前1 d患者常规行MRI扫描,应用影像数据和软件计算术前肿瘤体积,术中常规使用神经导航手术,依据术者的需求采集影像.必要时行iMRI扫描计算术中残余肿瘤体积和肿瘤体积切除百分比,分析使用iMRI对肿瘤切除程度、手术策略的影响.结果 术前计划全切48例,次全切41例,大部切除17例.术中第一次扫描示42例(39.6%)完全切除,64例(60.4%)仍有残留,其中25例由于肿瘤与重要功能区或重要传导束紧邻而未作进一步切除,其余39例(36.8%)改进手术策略,标记出残留肿瘤后进一步手术,25例(23.6%)胶质瘤最终全切除,肿瘤体积切除百分比由(76.5±20.5)%提高到(94.2±8.7)%,差异有统计学意义(U=2.000,P=0.000);最终实际全切67例,次全切25例,大部切除14例,全切率有所提高.106例患者平均肿瘤体积切除百分比由第一次扫描时的(86.3±20.2)%提高到最终扫描时的(93.6±12.4)%,差异有统计学意义(U=4.000,p=0.000).结论 高场强iMRI的应用可显著提高脑胶质瘤的切除程度,改进手术策略.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the impact of high-field intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) on extension of resection and surgical strategy modification for glioma surgery. Methods One hundred and six patients, admitted to our hospital from October 2009 to June 2010, were performed glioma resections with the help of high-field iMRI. Questionnaires were filled and collected prospectively to record the surgeons' intention on the extent of resection (EoR) and the intra-operative estimation of EoR before every iMRI scan. The scan imagings were collected based on the request of the surgeon, and the percentage of tumor removal was calculated according to the iMRI data. The impact of iMRI on the tumor EoR and modification of surgical strategy was then evaluated. Results Preoperatively, 48 patients were intended to achieve total tumor removal, 41 sub-total tumor removal, and 17 partial removal. The first intraoperative MRI scan revealed that 42 (39.6%) patients achieved complete resection, while residual tumors were depicted in 64 (60.4%).Further tumor resections were performed in 39 patients (36.8%), but the other 25 patients could not perform further resection for their tumors were closely neighbored to the important functional region or important tracts. Finally, in the whole cohort, the percentage of tumor resection volume was increased from (76.5±20.5)% to (94.2±8.7)%, with significant differences (U=2.000, P=0.000); 67 patients got complete removal, 25 sub-total removal and 14 partial removal; The total removal rate was significantly increased from 45.3% (48/106) to 63.2% (67/106): the average percentage of tumor resection volume in the second time of scan ([93.6±12.41%) was obviously increased as compared with that in the first scan ([86.3±20.21%, U=4.000, P=0.000). Conclusion High-field iMRI may increase the extent of glioma resection, and has significant impact on the intraoperative modification of the surgical strategy.     

中枢神经细胞瘤94例临床分析

目的 总结中枢神经细胞瘤临床特点,探讨其治疗策略.方法 回顾性分析94例中枢神经细胞瘤患者临床资料.全部行手术治疗,肿瘤全切除66例,近全切除26例,部分切除2例;分析总结中枢神经细胞瘤的临床、病理、影像特点.结果 死亡2例,随访84例,术后放疗56例,肿瘤复发4例.多数患者生存良好.结论 中枢神经细胞瘤多发于室间孔附近侧脑室系统,手术全切除是最佳治疗手段,未全切患者术后放疗可减少复发率.

Abstract：

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of central neurocytomas,and discuss the therapeutic strategies.Methods 94 cases of central neurocytomas were studied retrospectively.All patients underwent operation with removal of the tumor through either transcallosal or transcortical approach.Total resection was achieved in 66 patients,subtotal resection in 26 patients and partial resection in 2 patients.The clinical,radiological,histologic and immunohistochemical features of these patients were reviewed and analyzed.Methods Amongthe 94 cases of central neurocytomas,two died after surgery.Among the 84 followed- up cases,56 cases underwent postoperative radiotherapy,4 cases had recurrence.Most patients have favorable prognosis.Conclusion Central neurocytomas occur mostly in the lateral ventricle near the Monro's foramen.Total resection is the best treatment.Postoperative radiotherapy for partially removed tumors may reduce the possibility of recurrence.     

Classical pterional compared to the extended skull base approach for the removal of clinoidal meningiomas

We reviewed a series of 46 consecutive, surgically treated patients with clinoidal meningioma to compare the classical pterional approach (32 patients) to an extended approach including extradural clinoidectomy and removal of the optic canal roof (14 patients). The tumor size and Al-Mefty type, the extension into the optic canal, the time to identification of the optic nerve and internal carotid artery, and the visual outcome were evaluated. Complete tumor resection was obtained in 81% of patients with the classic pterional approach compared to 93% of patients using an extended approach. The extended skull base approach should be used routinely in clinoidal meningiomas >2.5 cm in size, in ones of Al-Mefty type III, and in all patients with tumor extension into the optic canal.     

翼点硬脑膜外入路切除前床突脑膜瘤

目的探讨前床突区手术临床应用解剖,提高前床突区肿瘤的治疗效果。方法回顾性总结了1998年至2004年采用翼点硬脑膜外入路手术治疗的前床突脑膜瘤12例,其中男4例,女8例,年龄36～58岁,平均42.2岁,视力减退者10例,头痛者11例。手术一般采用经眶上翼点联合入路,但对肿瘤累及海绵窦者采用经额颞眶颧联合入路。磨除前床突。硬脑膜外阻断肿瘤基底部血供。硬脑膜下切除肿瘤。结果前床突脑膜瘤共12例,全切除8例,次全切除3例,部分切除1例。全组无手术死亡。术前视力明显减退的10例患者,术后6例明显好转,2例改善,1例无变化,1例较术前恶化,其中术后视力无改变和视力恶化的2例均为术前有明显视神经萎缩者。结论前床突脑膜瘤采用翼点硬脑膜外入路手术,磨除前床突,有利于肿瘤基底部的血供阻断和前床突下肿瘤与颈内动脉的分离。眶上翼点联合入路可明显减少对脑组织的牵拉,有利于大型肿瘤上极的显露和切除。     

经翼点入路鞍上脑膜瘤的手术并发症及预防

目的 探讨经翼点入路显微手术切除鞍上脑膜瘤的常见并发症及相关因素，总结其预防方法。方法 回顾性分析160例鞍上脑膜瘤的临床资料。结果 160例鞍上脑膜瘤全切141例(88．1％)，次全切19例(11．9％)，视神经功能改善125例(78．1％)，垂体柄保留155例(96．8％)；主要并发症包括视力恶化(7．5％)，尿崩(16．9％)，电解质紊乱(8．8％)，偏瘫(3．8％)等。手术死亡1例(0．6％)，复发3例(2．5％)。结论 熟悉鞍区的显微解剖和熟练掌握显微外科技术是减少手术并发症的关键，术中须沿肿瘤周围的蛛网膜界面分离和切除肿瘤，仔细辨认并保护好向视器、垂体柄、下丘脑供血的穿支动脉。     

鞍结节脑膜瘤显微手术治疗策略

目的探讨鞍结节脑膜瘤的显微手术切除策略。方法回顾性分析82例鞍结节脑膜瘤的临床资料,均采用显微手术切除。经额外侧入路44例,经眶-额外侧入路28例,经眶-颧-额-颞入路7例,经翼点入路3例。术中磨除前床突和视神经管顶及外侧嵴,切除侵入视神经管内的肿瘤27例;磨除鞍结节,经蝶窦切除鞍前壁肿瘤12例。结果肿瘤SimpsonⅠ、Ⅱ级切除75例(91.5%),SimpsonⅢ级切除7例(8.5%);术后视力改善和稳定151只眼(92.1%),视力恶化13只眼(7.9%)。术后出现不同程度下丘脑症状2例,术后偏瘫1例,无手术死亡病例。结论正确选择手术入路,采用熟练的显微颅底外科技术是获得良好手术效果的保证。额外侧入路能提供良好的手术空间和视野,术后视觉症状改善明显。术中打开视神经管,仔细辨别并保护蛛网膜屏障中的小血管,是保障肿瘤全切除和术后视力恢复的关键。     

经翼点入路显微手术切除内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤

目的探讨利用显微手术治疗内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的方法。方法本文复习了16例内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤手术病人的临床资料，讨论了显微手术治疗内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的原则、方法、手术技巧及手术要点。结果内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤全切除12例，大部切除4例，无手术死亡，疗效满意。结论在熟练掌握术区显微解剖的基础上，采用翼点入路，利用显微手术可明显提高肿瘤全切率，减少术后并发症，降低死亡率。但对与下丘脑，海绵窦等重要结构粘连过于紧密的肿瘤，即使采用显微手术，手术风险仍较大，可考虑姑息手术结合术后放疗。     

Surgical management of Tuberculum sellae meningiomas

To study the clinical characteristics of tuberculum sellae meningiomas, we retrospectively analyzed 43 patients and reviewed the literature with regard to the incidence, clinical manifestations, imaging features, microsurgical anatomy, and postoperative outcomes of tuberculum sellae meningiomas, and the technical aspects of their treatment. CT or MRI enables a correct diagnosis in most cases. Of the patients in the study, unifrontal craniotomy was performed in 24, and pterional craniotomy in 19. Complete tumour resection was achieved in 32 patients (74.4%) and subtotal resection (with less than 7% of the tumour left behind) in 11 (25.6%). Surgical treatment of tuberculum sellae meningioma is among the most challenging of neurosurgical procedures. Bicoronal subfrontal, unifrontal, and pterional transsylvian approaches can all be used. The key to preserving visual function is to minimise direct manipulation of or trauma to the optic nerves and avoid injury to the blood supply of the optic apparatus. Appropriate preoperative imaging and careful intraoperative technique have made it possible to obtain both total removal of tumours and a favourable visual outcome.     

Falx Meningiomas: Surgical Results and Lessons Learned from 68 Cases

Objective

The purpose of this study was to review the characteristics of falcine meningioma retrospectively and to identify the parameters associated with tumor recurrence.

Methods

The analysis included; age, sex, extent of resection, and radiologic and pathologic findings. Falcine meningiomas were classified by location as anterior, middle, or posterior as described for parasagittal meningiomas.

Results

Of the 795 meningioma patients treated between 1990 and 2004 at the authors'' institution, 68 patients with meningiomas arising from the falx underwent craniotomies. There were 22 male and 46 female patients (1 : 2.1). Mean age was 55 years and ranged from 14 to 77 years. Locations of falcine meningioma were; the anterior third in 33 cases, middle in 20, and posterior in 15. Mean tumor volume was 42 cc and ranged from 4 to 140 cc. In 58 of the 68 patients tumors were totally removed. Additional surgery for recurrence was performed in 6 patients over 15 years. Of these 6 patients, only two patients underwent gross total tumor resection at first operation; the other four underwent subtotal tumor resection. Based on pathologic reports, the largest tumor subtype was transitional. There were four patients with a high grade tumor-three atypical and one anaplastic meningioma. Of the 68 patients, 59 achieved a good outcome (no neurological deficit or recurrence), six had temporary complications, two suffered new permanent postoperative deficits, and the remaining one died due to severe brain swelling despite postoperative intensive care. Extent of surgical resection was found to be significantly related to tumor recurrence.

Conclusion

Falcine meningioma accounted for 8.5% of intracranial meningiomas and the transitional meningioma was the most common subtype of falcine meningioma. Gross total resection of tumor was the single most important predictor of an improved surgical outcome.     

Surgical management of tuberculum sellae meningiomas: involvement of the optic canal and visual outcome

OBJECTIVE: To present a large series of surgically treated tuberculum sellae meningiomas with particular regard to involvement of the optic canal and visual outcome. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was done on 53 patients (40 female) with meningiomas originating from the tuberculum sellae who underwent surgery between 1991 and 2002. The standard surgical approach consisted of pterional craniotomy. Sixteen meningiomas extended posteriorly onto the diaphragma sella, 29 anteriorly to the planum sphenoidale, and 19 to the anterior clinoid process. Thirty seven tumours involved the optic canal, three bilaterally. Follow up ranged from 6 to 108 months (mean 29.9 months). RESULTS: Total macroscopic resection was achieved in 48 patients. Median tumour size was 2.6 cm. Postoperatively, visual acuity improved in 20 patients and deteriorated in seven. Preoperative and postoperative visual acuity worsened with increasing duration of preoperative symptoms and with increasing age. Extension into the intraconal space was a negative predictor. However, tumour size did not influence visual acuity. Recurrence occurred in two cases (21 and 69 months postoperatively). Two patients died from causes unrelated to the tumour. CONCLUSIONS: In the majority of patients with tuberculum sellae meningiomas, total resection may be achieved through a pterional approach with minimal complications.     

颅底肿瘤术中颈内动脉损伤的防治

目的 探讨颅底肿瘤切除术中颈内动脉损伤的紧急处理方法及预防措施。方法回顾性分析2011年1月至2021年1月因手术致颈内动脉损伤的8例颅底肿瘤的临床资料,总结术中颈内动脉损伤的紧急处理措施和预防方法。结果8例中,蝶骨嵴膜脑瘤2例,前床突脑膜瘤2例,鞍结节脑膜瘤2例,海绵窦脑膜瘤1例,侵袭性垂体腺瘤1例。7例脑膜瘤中,3例临时阻断后缝合破口成功止血（1例半个月后复查DSA发现假性动脉瘤形成,行颈内动脉覆膜支架置入术）,2例颈内动脉微小破口使用双极电灼成功止血,2例填塞压迫及电凝止血失败后行颈内动脉夹闭术（1例因失血性休克死亡）。1例侵袭性垂体腺瘤以凡士林纱条填塞止血后立即行颈内动脉覆膜支架置入术。术后随访12个月,止血成功的7例中,恢复良好6例,重残1例。结论颅底肿瘤术中颈内动脉损伤的关键在于预防;一旦发生,及时有效的止血并修复血管,可有效降低手术风险,改善病人预后。     

额颞开颅硬膜外治疗鞍结节脑膜瘤7例临床分析

目的探讨鞍结节脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗方法，提高手术效果。方法回顾性分析我科2003年1月至2006年6月7例手术治疗鞍结节脑膜瘤病例，其中男性2例，女性5例。年龄36～65岁，平均（43．6±2．4）岁。均有不同程度的视力障碍，7例均先行额颞开颅硬膜外视神经减压术治疗。结果按Simpson手术切除的分级标准：Ⅰ～Ⅱ级5例（71．4％），Ⅲ～Ⅳ级2例（28．6％），无1例死亡。本组6例（85．7％）视力或视野有不同程度的恢复，视力无改变者1例（14．3％），无视力恶化者。结论与传统手术入路相比，采用额颞入路硬膜外视神经减压术治疗鞍结节脑膜瘤，可以最大限度的保护视神经及周围结构，有助于患者术后视力恢复及提高肿瘤全切除率，改善预后。