城市老年人生命质量量表的编制与考评

目的编制一套适合测评我国城市老年人生命质量的量表.方法通过文献查阅法、访谈法、专家咨询法等确定条目池,并进一步形成初始量表.采用变异度法、相关系数法、因子分析法、逐步回归法对初始量表进行条目筛选,由保留的条目组成最终的测试量表.并对该量表进行信度和效度评价.结果初始量表共包括60个条目,经统计学筛选后,保留了34个条目,对其重新分类最终形成一个包含生理、心理、社会三个维度共34+1个条目的测试量表.量表的分半信度系数为0.7977,总量表及生理、心理、社会维度的Chronbach's α系数分别为0.8974,0.8054,0.8057,0.7783.总量表、生理、心理、社会维度两次测定问重测信度系数分别为0.83,0.76,0.86,0.80.通过因子分析,提取12个公因子,解释方差总变异的72.3%.因子负荷在0.3771～0.8268之间.结论该量表具有较好的信度和效度,对城市老年人生命质量的测评具有一定价值.     

急性心肌梗死中医生命质量量表的研制及测评

目的:编制急性心肌梗死患者中医生命质量量表,并进行科学性考评。方法:应用文献查阅法、德尔菲专家咨询法等方法确定条目池,并应用统计学方法对初始量表进行条目筛选,形成测试量表,对其信度及效度进行评价。结果:量表包括症状、生理、情志及社会4个维度33个条目;量表的总体克朗巴赫系数为0.623,分半信度系数为0.757,各条目与相关维度的相关系数均在0.5以上;与西雅图心绞痛量表(SAQ)的相关系数为0.407。结论:急性心肌梗死中医生命质量量表具有良好的信度和效度,可作为临床、生命质量等医学的一种测评工具。     

SF-36量表在农村老年人生命质量测定的信度和效度评价

目的:探讨中文版健康测量量表SF-36用于农村老年人生命质量测定的信度和效度。方法:采用分层整群抽样,使用中文版健康测量量表SF-36对853例农村老年人进行测定,调查方法应用访谈法。结果:本量表的信度和效度是可以接受的,其中折半信度是0.927,内部一致性信度中除活力和社会功能维度Cronbach'sa系数<0.70,其余维度的系数均>0.80;所有维度的集合效度成功率为100%,区分效度成功率界于97.5%～100%。因子分析产生的2个公因子,分别代表生理因子和心理因子,累积方差贡献率63.36%。结论:健康测量量表SF-36可用于农村老年人的生命质量评价,同时考虑在内容和形式上替代某些条目,进一步研究其信度和效度,获得客观、真实的生命质量评价内容。     

一种成年人营养素养测量量表的编制及信效度评价

目的筛选成年人营养素养测评量表条目,并验证其信效度,为评价成年人的营养素养水平提供一个测量工具。方法通过文献综述法形成量表条目池,通过Delphi专家咨询对量表进行初步筛选后形成营养素养初始调查问卷,线上调查1 718名成年人后收集结果,结合临界比值法、校正题项-总相关系数法和因子分析法进一步筛选条目,并使用Cronbach's α系数和折半信度系数来检验量表的信度,从内容效度和结构效度两方面检验量表的效度。结果本研究成年人营养素养量表包括功能性营养素养（包括知识储备、知识理解、获取技能和应用技能4个领域）、互动性营养素养（互动技能领域）和评判性营养素养（评判技能领域）3个方面,总共43项条目。总量表的Cronbach's α系数为0.971,折半信度系数为0.855;量表水平的内容效度指数为0.982,条目水平的内容效度指数为0.846~1.000;验证性因子分析结果显示6个维度的标准化因子载荷0.463~0.938,平均方差萃取值0.552~0.807,组合信度值0.860~0.961。结论该量表具有良好的信度和效度,可用于成年人营养素养水平的测量。     

多维死亡焦虑量表的汉化及信效度评价

目的　对多维死亡焦虑量表（MFODS）进行汉化,筛选并构建出符合中国文化背景的测量条目及量表结构。方法　于2017年5—8月,采取方便抽样方法,选取于北京市15家社区卫生服务机构就诊的患者为调查对象,对英文版MFODS进行翻译、回译及预调查。将调查对象随机分半,一半用于条目筛选及信效度评价,另一半用于验证量表的信效度。结果　共发放问卷1 100份,回收有效问卷1 031份,有效回收率为93.7%。经条目筛选和多次探索性因子分析,中文版MFODS共保留条目33个,可提取6个公因子,累积方差贡献率为52.598%;总量表Cronbach's α系数为0.916,各维度Cronbach's α系数为0.625~0.843;总量表重测信度系数为0.891,各维度重测信度系数为0.616~0.855。另一分半数据提取6个公因子,累积方差贡献率为54.292%;总量表Cronbach's α系数为0.924,各维度Cronbach's α系数为0.595~0.835。结论　中文版MFDOS具有较好的信度和效度,但仍需结合中国文化背景进一步调整和完善。     

SF-36量表在三峡移民生命质量测定中的信度和效度评价

目的 探讨36 条目简明量表（SF-36）用于三峡移民生命质量测定中的信度和效度。方法 采用整群随机抽样法进行入户,应用问卷调查,使用SF-36量表对324名外迁至山东省的三峡移民的生命质量进行测定。结果 本量表的折半信度是0.926, 内部一致性信度中各维度的系数均> 0.80;因子分析产生的2个公因子, 分别代表生理健康和心理健康,累积方差贡献率69.929%,量表有较好的区分效度。结论 SF-36量表有较好的信度和效度,可用于三峡移民的生命质量评价。     

原发性骨质疏松症生活质量量表的编制策略及条目筛选

目的编制评价原发性骨质疏松症患者生活质量的多维测评量表.方法采用初始量表对214例原发性骨质疏松症患者进行生活质量的实测后,采用t检验法、相关分析法、因子分析法等5种方法联合进行条目筛选,由保留条目组建量表测试版.结果(1)骨质疏松症生活质量量表(osteoporosisquality oflife scale,OQOLS)测试版量表由75个条目组成5个维度,其中疾病维度20条目,生理维度17条目,社会维度17条目,心理维度13条目,满意度维度8条目.(2)条目分析显示测试版量表条目与各维度、总分间的相关分别为0.205～0.861、0.365～0.807,达到优良水平.(3)探索性因素分析抽取14个共因子,累积解释变异量为73.408%,可分属五个维度.结论原发性骨质疏松症患者生活质量量表的建构基本符合理论构想,所含条目有良好的敏感性、独立性和代表性,达到了编制的要求.     

二胎高龄妇女妊娠期需求量表的编制及信效度检验研究

目的　编制二胎高龄妇女妊娠期需求量表,并对其信效度进行检验。方法　采用便利抽样法,选取2016年7—12月盐城市某三级甲等医院门诊产检的孕妇260名。基于马斯洛需求理论,通过孕妇访谈、德尔菲专家咨询,形成初始问卷。采用决断值法和相关系数法筛选条目,并采用内在一致性系数检验量表的信度,内容效度指数和探索性因子分析检验量表的效度。结果　初始形成7个维度57个条目量表,经德尔菲专家咨询删除9个条目,删除相关系数<0.400的3个条目,形成由7个维度45个条目组成的二胎高龄妇女妊娠期需求量表。总量表Cronbach's α系数为0.933,各维度Cronbach's α系数为0.799~0.937;7个公因子累积方差贡献率为64.08%,各条目因子载荷均>0.400;内容效度指数为0.866。结论　二胎高龄妇女妊娠期需求量表具有较高的可靠性,该量表可作为二胎高龄妇女妊娠期需求的评估工具。     

大学生自杀倾向量表的初步编制

目的 编制一个中国大学牛自杀倾向量表,为高校开展健康教育和自杀预防提供参考工具.方法 以Mann等提出的自杀应激-易感模型为理论依据,在文献复习和个案访谈的基础上构建大学生自杀倾向量表的理论因子及条目,并通过德尔菲法和预调查进行条目筛选.利用条目分析、信效度检验全面考察量表的心理测量学特征.结果 经条目筛选,最终保留23个条目.探索性因子分析将量表划分为5个维度,与预想的因素结构基本一致.在此结构下进行信效度分析,条目与其分鬣表的相关性较高(r=0.586～0.852),各分量表与总量表相关密切(r=0.534,0.830),而各分量表间呈低中度相关(r=0.073～0.619),均表明量表的内容效度较好.总量表及各分量苗表与CES-D和BHS相关均达到0.001显著水平,表明聚合效度较好;总量表及各分量表均能区分大学生和抑郁症患者2组人群(P＜0.01),表明量表的区分效度较好.总量表的Cronbach's 系数、分半信度和重测信度分别为0.872,0.740,0.784.结论 大学生自杀倾向量表信效度指标基本达到了心理测量学要求,可以作为大学生自杀倾向的测评工具.     

湿疹患者生活质量量表的编制和考评

目的 编制湿疹患者生活质量量表.方法 编制湿疹患者生活质量初始量表,采用初始量表对湿疹患者进行实测,收集有效问卷351份.采用5种方法进行条目分析,由保留条目组成量表测试版.并对量表进行信度和效度考评.结果 (1)编制出28个条目的 湿疹生活质量量表(eczema quality of life scale,EQOLS),分别属于由疾病、心理、生理、社会4个维度和1个反应总体生活质量的条目.(2)EQOLS总量表重测信度0.912,Cronbach's α系数0.935,分半信度系数0.905.(3)EQOLS总分与皮肤病生活质量指数(Dernmatology Life Quality Index,DLQI)总分、病情(eczema area and severity index,EASI)评分值、反映总体生活质世条目A43值,相关系数分别为0.795,0.805,0.812,(P＜0.01).患者治疗1周前后EQOLS值有显著差异(P＜0.01).(4)验证性因子分析:拟合优度的卡方检验X~2/df=2.211,比较拟合指数CFI=0.902,非正规划指数NNFI=0.892,近似均方根残差RMSEA=0.059.结论 EQOLS具有较好的信度、效度,可以用于湿疹患者生活质量的测评.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.