红细胞血型糖蛋白A位点正常变异及肿瘤放疗的影响

了解血型糖蛋白Ａ背景突变水平，观察照射近期的变化规律。方法在正常人和肿瘤放射疗人中进行ＧＰＡ突变分析，结合克隆示记和流式细胞技术，检测ＭＮ杂合子个体中突击凶的变异细胞ＮＯ和ＮＮ，确定变异率。结果对２８个正常成人的初步测定，ＮＯ／ＮＮ变异率     

HGPRT基因突变技术在检测化学诱变剂中的应用

本研究用Ｎ－甲基Ｎ＇－硝基亚硝基胍（ＭＮＮＧ）和苯并芘（Ｂ（ａ）Ｐ）诱导了中国仓鼠Ｖ７９细胞毒性和次黄嘌呤鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖基转移酶（ＨＧＰＲＴ）基因突变。结果表明，ＭＮＮＧ（０．７３５ｍｇ，Ｌ－１）和Ｂ（ａ）Ｐ（１ｍｇ·Ｌ－１）引起细胞存活率分别为７４．１％和７７．８％。阴性对照如空白对照、Ｓ９对照和溶剂对照的细胞自发突变频率低于０．４３×１０－５。ＭＮＮＧ和Ｂ（ａ）Ｐ＋Ｓ９诱发Ｖ７９细胞６－巯基鸟嘌呤抗性ＨＧＰＲＴ突变频率分别为１．１７×１０－５和１．３４×１０－５，比溶剂对照高４．９０和３．３５倍（Ｐ＜０．０１和Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示ＭＮＮＧ和Ｂ（ａ）Ｐ对Ｖ７９细胞呈细胞毒性和遗传毒性效应。     

BN_（52021）对血小板活化因子引起的银屑病患者中性白细胞聚集反应的影响

采用聚集仪测定了血小板活化因子（ＰＡＦ）拮抗剂ＢＮ５２０２１对ＰＡＦ引起银屑病患者嗜中性白细胞（ＰＭＮ）聚集反应的影响。结果表明，ＰＡＦ对ＰＭＮ有较强的聚集作用，并呈剂量依赖关系；银屑病患者ＰＭＮ对低浓度ＰＡＦｆ＜１０（－８）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）聚集反应明显高于正常人（ｐ＜０．０５），而对高浓度ＰＡＦ（＞１０（－７）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）聚集反应则与正常人差异无显著意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。ＢＮ５２０２１能明显抑制ＰＡＦ对ＰＭＮ的聚集作用，呈时间和剂量效应关系，对患者及正常人ＩＣ５０分别为１３×１０（－６）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ及１２×１０（－６）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。提示ＰＡＦ与ＰＭＮ在银屑病皮损炎症过程起重要病理生理作用，ＰＡＦ拮抗剂有可能成为银屑病治疗有效新途径。     

慢性丙型肝炎患者（2＇，5＇）寡腺苷酸合成酶的活性测定

目的：了解慢性丙型肝炎患者（２＇，５＇）寡腺苷酸合成酶（２－５ＡＳ）活性在干扰素治疗过程中的动态变化及意义。方法：ＰＥＩ－ＣＥＬＬＵＬＯＳＥ薄板层析法。结果：（１）慢性丙型肝炎患者２－５ＡＳ基础水平比正常人显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）；（２）ＩＦＮα治疗结束后ＨＣＶＲＮＡ持续阳性的病人２－５ＡＳ基础水平比ＨＣＶＲＮＡ转阴的病人要高（Ｐ＜０．０５）；（３）ＩＦＮα治疗效果较好，ＨＣＶＲＮＡ转阴的病人２－５ＡＳ水平在用药后２４ｈ比ＨＣＶＲＮＡ未转阴的病人上升得更高（Ｐ＜０．０１）；（４）用药后１个月２～５ＡＳ水平与ＩＦＮα治疗效果无显著相关性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：２－５ＡＳ可以作为评价干扰素治疗效果的１个机体反应指标。     

中央灰质注射升压素和催产素受体拮抗剂对刺激视上核镇痛和加强电针镇痛效应的影响

观察中央灰质（ＰＡＧ）在化学刺激视上核（ＳＯＮ）镇痛和加强电针（ＥＡ）镇痛中的作用。方法：ＰＡＧ内微量注射精氨酸升压素（ＡＶＰ）受体拮抗剂和催产素（ＯＴ）受体拮抗剂后，观察对ＳＯＮ内注射Ｌ－谷氨酸（Ｌ－Ｇｌｕ）引起的镇痛和加强电针镇痛的影响。结果：ＰＡＧ内注射Ｖ１拮抗剂ｄ（ＣＨ２）５Ｔｙｒ（Ｍｅ）ＡＶＰ对化学刺激ＳＯＮ引起的镇痛和加强电针镇痛无影响；Ｖ１Ｖ２受体拮抗剂ｄ（ＣＨ２）５Ｔｙｒ（Ｅｔ）ＤＡＶＰ可部分抑制这种效应；ＰＡＧ内注射２００ｐｇＯＴ受体拮抗剂ｄ（ＣＨ２）５Ｔｙｒ（Ｍｅ）２，Ｏｒｎ８－ｖａｓｏｔｏｃｉｎ（ＯＶＴ）则可完全阻断这种效应。结论：ＰＡＧ参与刺激ＳＯＮ镇痛和加强电针镇痛的过程，ＳＯＮ释放的ＯＴ通过作用于ＰＡＧ内的ＯＴ和Ｖ２受体而发挥镇痛和加强电针镇痛作用。     

使用抗精神病药物患者的淋巴细胞银染核仁组织者区的研究

本文应用银染核仁组织者区（Ａｇ－ＮＯＲ）技术，对４０例较长期使用抗精神病药物的精神分裂症患者和２０例正常人的外周血淋巴细胞的Ａｇ－ＮＯＲ数目进行比较研究。发现１～５年病程（Ⅰ组）Ａｇ－ＮＯＲ数目为６．１８±０．１５／细胞１６～１０年病程组（Ⅱ组）为６．１１０．１３／细胞；正常对照组为６．２１±０．１７／细胞。经统计学分析表明，Ⅰ０、Ⅱ组与正常对照组的Ａｇ－ＮＯＲ平均出现率无显著性差异，说明长期使用抗精神病药物对ｒＲＮＡ基因的活性无抑制作用。     

反义寡脱氧核苷酸对人肝癌裸鼠模型生长及转移的影响

目的 观察反义Ｈ－ｒａｓ寡脱氧核苷酸（ＯＤＮ）对高表达蛋白ｐ２１Ｈ- ｒａｓ的人肝癌高转移裸鼠模型ＬＣＩ－Ｄ２０细胞生长、凋亡及转移潜能的影响。方法原代培养ＬＣＩ－Ｄ２０细胞，经１０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ浓度反义ＯＤＮ处理后，以１．５×１０细胞数分别接种于１４只裸鼠皮下缝制皮囊内：６只接种反义Ｈ－ｒａｓＯＤＮ处理细胞，４只接种Ｈ－ｒａｓ非特异性反义ＯＤＮ处理细胞，余４只接种未作处理的对照细胞。结果反义Ｈ－ｒａｓ对ＬＣＩ－Ｄ２０细胞增殖具有显著抑制作用（ｔ＝３１．５２９，Ｐ＜０．０１），反义ＯＤＮ处理细胞，Ｓ期比率（３６．０±１．４）显著低于对照组（５８．５±０．９，ｔ＝１３．５１９，Ｐ＜０．０１），而Ｇ１／Ｇ０期比率（５６．７％±１．１％）高于对照组（３７．４±０．７，ｔ＝１４．８０２，Ｐ＜０．０１）；反义Ｈ－ｒａｓＯＤＮ处理细胞的凋亡发生率（３４．０％±４．５％）显著高于对照组（２．５％±１．２％，ｔ＝１３．４３４，Ｐ＜０．０１）；反义Ｈ－ｒａｓ处理对ＬＣＩ－Ｄ２０细胞在接种动物体内的生长具有显著延迟抑制作用（ｔ＝３．５０９，ｔ＝３．４５２，Ｐ＜０．０１）；接种动物的肺转移率，反义Ｈ－ｒａｓＯＤＮ处理组显著低于对照组。     

麦滋林－S颗粒对大鼠胃粘膜的保护作用

选用６２只雄性大鼠随机分为５组：正常组（ｎ＝１０）、急性胃炎组（ｎ＝１２）、预防组（ｎ＝１５）、治疗组（ｎ＝１５）及对照组（ｎ＝１０）。观察麦滋林－Ｓ颗粒对急性胃炎大鼠胃大体形态及组织学变化、前列腺素Ｅ＿２（ＰＧＥ＿２）、６－酮前列腺素Ｆ＿（１ａ）（６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ＿（１ａ））、血栓素Ｂ＿２（ＴＸＢ＿２）、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、和丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）。观察麦滋林－Ｓ颗粒（Ｍ－Ｓ）对照组胃粘膜充血水肿、糜烂及炎性细胞浸润无明显改善，而治疗组炎性改变基本恢复正常。治疗组ＰＧＥ＿２、６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ＿（１ａ）、ＴＸＢ＿２、５Ｏ０和ＭＤＡ分别为５８２．０６±１６９．１４、３７２．２１±２５９．８５、１２９．６９±１０４．１０ｐｇ／ｍｇ湿重；４９０．９６±１３０．６０、２．１５７±０．４８６ｄ／ｍｌ１０Ｖｏｌ上清。与对照组相比，有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。Ｍ－Ｓ促进大鼠胃粘膜具有细胞保护作用的ＰＧＥ＿２、ＰＧＩ＿２的合成，抑制ＴＸＡ＿２的产生，抑制自由基的形成，降低ＬＰＯ水平，对胃粘膜损伤具有保护作用（治疗和预防作用）。     

血液稀释对急性心肌梗塞兔循环功能及心肌应激性的影响

取家兔１６只，冠状动脉左室支结扎后均分为血液稀释组（ＨＤ）和正常红细胞压积（Ｈｃｔ）组（ＮＧ）。另取兔８只仅行开胸手术作为对照组（ＣＧ）。观察血液稀释对心肌梗塞兔循环。肾上腺素诱发室性心律失常剂量（Ｅ／Ｖ）及梗塞区大小的影响。结果Ｈｃｔ：ＨＤ３１．３±２．７％，ＮＧ３８．１±２．６２％，ＣＧ３９．１±１．６％。冠状动脉结扎后至半小时内三组ＨＲ，ＭＡＰ，ＣＶＰ及心肌耗氧量均明显增加。ＨＤ的增加达１ｈ（Ｐ＜０．０５）。（ＥＩＶ：ＣＯ２３．３±４．５μｇ·ｋｇ－１，ＨＤ１８．０±２．９５μｇ·ｋｇ－１（Ｐ＞０．０５），ＮＧ，６．８６±１．７μｇ·ｋｇ－１，差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。心肌梗塞区占全心重ＨＤ为６．４％，ＮＧ８．１％。（Ｐ＞０．０５）。证实血液稀释有提高心肌应激性，成少室性心律失常，改善心肌微循环和减小梗塞范围的功效。     

一氧化氮在实验性脑缺血中作用机制的研究

目的为研究脑缺血和缺血再灌注对各脑区一氧化氮（ＮＯ）的变化，以及一氧化氮合成酶（ＮＯＳ）抑制剂ＷＮ－硝基左旋精氨酸（Ｌ－ＮＮＡ）对脑缺血和缺血再灌注时各脑区ＮＯ生成的影响。方法采用四动脉阻断的全脑缺血模型，通过组化方法、荧光方法和放射免疫方法，观察脑缺血５ｍｉｎ、１０ｍｉｎ、１５ｍｉｎ、３０ｍｉｎ和６０ｍｉｎ，以及脑缺血１０ｍｉｎ再灌注１５ｍｉｎ、缺血３０ｍｉｎ再灌注１５ｍｉｎ，大脑皮质、海马、纹状体和小脑组织中ＮＯＳ表达、ＮＯＳ活性、ＮＯ２和ｃＧＭＰ的变化；同时观察了Ｌ－ＮＮＡ对脑缺血１０ｍｉｎ、缺血１０ｍｉｎ再灌注１５ｍｉｎ，各脑区ＮＯ２生成量的影响。每组大鼠８～１０只。结果（１）大鼠四个脑区ＮＯＳ表达、ＮＯＳ活性、ＮＯ２和ｃＧＭＰ的含量，在缺血５～１５ｍｉｎ明显高于假手术组（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１），在缺血３０～６０ｍｉｎ开始下降。（２）在缺血１０ｍｉｎ、３０ｍｉｎ再灌注１５ｍｉｎ，它们的含量可明显增加，与单纯缺血组相比，有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。（３）Ｌ－ＮＮＡ可使脑缺血１０ｍｉｎ和缺血１０ｍｉｎ再灌注１５ｍｉｎ，各脑区ＮＯ２的生成量明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）；左旋精氨酸可部分逆     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.