Research reports on treatments for bipolar disorder: preliminary assessment of methodological quality

OBJECTIVE: To assess frequencies of types of publications about bipolar disorder (BD) and evaluate methodological quality of treatment studies. METHOD: We classified 100 randomly selected articles (1998-2002) from five psychiatric journals with highest impact ratings, by topic areas, and assessed methods employed in treatment studies. RESULTS: Topics ranked: treatment (41%; 37% on pharmacotherapy) > biology (31%) > psychopathology (14%) = miscellaneous (14%). Of treatment studies, only 19% of original articles were randomized, 15% were relatively large (n > or = 50) but non-randomized, 65% were small non-randomized, case-series or -reports, and 53% relied on baseline-to-endpoint contrasts without a control group. Patient dropout rates were > or =40% in 43% of prospective studies. Only two reports provided confidence intervals; one included a power analysis, and 53% included no references on study design or statistical methods. CONCLUSION: Even in highly respected journals, the typical methodological quality of recent reports on therapeutics for BD was unexpectedly limited, and psychopathology and psychotherapies were little studied.     

Increased Female Authorship in Otolaryngology Over the Past Three Decades

Objective To identify changing trends in female authorship and publication in the otolaryngology literature. Methods All articles published in the four major otolaryngology journals in each of the years 1978, 1988, and 1998 were reviewed. The authorship panel of each article was examined for number of authors, gender, educational degree category, and subspecialty area of publication. Data were analyzed for trends in female authorship and the association of gender with the other design variables. Results A total of 2,463 articles were analyzed. The average percentage of female authorship increased from 4.1% in 1978 to 8.7% in 1988 and 12.4% in 1998, and the percentage of articles with a female “first author” increased from 3.2% to 7.4% and 11.4% for the same years, respectively. Each of these increases was statistically significant (P < .001). The weighted rank of female authorship also increased from 0.063 to 0.164 and 0.243 for the same years, respectively (P < .001). With respect to subspecialty publication, women were first authors of 14.7% of articles concerning pediatric otolaryngology but accounted for 9.9% or less of the first authors in the other subspecialty areas (P < .001). Female authors were also much more likely to be nonphysicians (P < .001) than men. Conclusions There has been a significant trend toward increased female authorship in the otolaryngology literature. A significant portion of this is accounted for by nonphysician female authors, and female authorship tends to be concentrated in pediatric otolaryngology.     

针灸治疗慢性疲劳综合征文献质量评价

目的对针灸治疗慢性疲劳综合征的临床研究文献进行质量评价。方法检索1998—2008年针灸治疗慢性疲劳综合征的临床研究文献。按照临床流行病学和循证医学的原则和方法，对临床研究类型及方法学，一般情况，疾病诊断及纳入、排除标准，样本含量，疗效判定标准，随访，不良反应及安全性等进行评价。结果在78篇纳入文献中，国内研究76篇，且均发表于国内出版的中文期刊，仅有的2篇英文发表于国内出版的英文期刊；真正随机对照试验仅7篇，半随机对照试验及联系不到作者的随机对照试验21篇，非随机对照试验3篇，叙述性研究47篇；采用国际公认诊断标准的50篇，提及纳入、排除标准的22篇；采用中医疗效标准的26篇，用评分法进行疗效判定的研究有27篇；样本量100例以上的4篇，60～99例33篇；进行依从性评价的4篇；有退出、脱落病例记录及描述的3篇；记录随访情况的2篇；进行不良反应记录的11篇。结论针灸治疗慢性疲劳综合征的临床研究主要集中在国内，且研究质量和文献总体水平相对较低，这一领域迫切需要设计严谨的高质量随机对照研究，同时研究者应积极向国外期刊投稿。     

Nursing research in Spain: bibliometrics of references of research papers in the decade 1985-1994

BACKGROUND: Spain is one of the few European countries to have recently totally incorporated the study of nursing into the university sector. Bibliometric studies may be of a great help for the consolidation of nursing research. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this paper is to describe bibliographic references in Spanish nursing research papers and their evolution over a decade. METHOD: The method consists of a retrospective bibliometric study of a sample (cluster sampling) of 622 research papers (original papers and review papers), which were contained in the Spanish nursing journals Enfermería Científica, Revista ROL de Enfermería, Enfermería Clínica and Enfermería Integral, and published from 1985 to 1994. The journal Nursing Research was selected for qualitative comparative purposes. A series of classic bibliometric indexes were used. RESULTS: The mean of references per paper is 10.64 +/- 10.42; this increased over time (P < 0.001). Review papers have more references (P < 0.001). Price index (percentage of references published during the last 5 years) is 44% and the Insularity (percentage of references published in same country as the article) is 55%. References to journals predominate (58.6%), with a growing tendency for references to Spanish nursing journals, although they are still scarce (18.1% of the references to journals). Spanish is the language of most of the references (60.3%), the second language being English (36.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Bibliographic references in Spanish nursing research papers are scarce and not very specific: this happens both in regard to Nursing Research and to publications in other national and international science areas. However, there is an increasing tendency of references (including references to nursing journals) in the period analysed. The age of the references places Spanish nursing in an intermediate position between the 'hard' sciences and the humanities; and, according to the type of documentation used, we find it halfway between experimental and natural sciences, and technologies and social sciences. There has been a slight increase in references in English in recent years.     

中医药治疗胃癌前病变临床试验的文献计量学分析

[目的]采用文献计量学方法,分析中医药治疗胃癌前病变的相关临床研究文献,探讨其发展趋势及相关规律,为临床和科研提供参考。[方法]检索中国知网、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed,运用文献计量学对集合数据进行分析。[结果]筛选出有效文献417篇,以期刊文献为主,文献总体呈上升趋势,2011年发文量最多;多数文献未明确提及治则,处方以自拟方居多,治疗药物以补气药、理气药、清热药、活血化瘀药为主。[结论]胃癌前病变逐渐引起重视,但治法有待进一步规范,胃癌前病变尚有很大的研究空间。     

基于文献计量分析的数据挖掘在中医诊断学领域的应用研究

为系统探索数据挖掘在中医诊断学领域应用的科研产出、研究主体及研究主题演化路径和前沿热点问题,研究以中国知网(CNKI)期刊数据库为数据源,收集自建库以来至2019年该领域相关文献,并利用CiteSpace和VOSviewer科学计量软件进行可视化知识图谱绘制。该研究领域的成长依次经历了起源阶段、探索阶段、发展阶段、平台阶段及新的发展阶段,学者们对该领域研究的关注度总体上呈上升趋势。目前,该领域高产作者共有35位,发文期刊主要为中医领域的核心期刊,机构以上海中医药大学、北京中医药大学、湖南中医药大学科研产出最多。研究主题主要形成四大聚类:计算机与中医辨证论治、数据挖掘与疾病用药规律、中医计量诊断、人工智能与中医四诊。主要研究主题从较早的计算机辅助诊断、数学模型、计量诊断、证素辨证等在中医诊断的应用发展至近年来的数据挖掘、关联规则、中医药、模糊数学、用药规律、聚类算法、大数据、状态辨识、名老中医等。特别是在现今互联网+及“健康中国”的时代背景下,中医诊断有了新的内涵,充分发挥数据挖掘优势,立足中医思维与名医经验,挖掘中医药真实世界的健康大数据规律成为新兴热点。     

基于文献计量学的中药材配方施肥研究文献分析

为了解中药材配方施肥技术的研究现状和进展,采用文献计量学统计方法,对中国知网(CNKI)数据库中的相关研究文献进行分类整理,并借助Excel进行统计分析。结果显示,近年来中药材配方施肥研究文献数量呈上升趋势,涉及的中药材种类不断增加。在全国范围内,华东、华中、西北和西南中药区的研究文献数量相对较多,多为这些中药区内的道地药材和道地产区的研究探索和技术应用,但相关的研究深度和广度都有待提升。     

我国护理学硕士研究生学位论文引文分析

目的:描述我国护理学硕士研究生学位论文引文情况,反映学位论文的学术水平及研究生对文献信息吸收利用能力。方法:对中国科学技术信息研究所在2006年11月1日前所收藏的254篇护理学硕士研究生学位论文按时序采用引文分析法进行分析。结果:学位论文平均引文量为65.81条,并有逐年上升趋势;引文类型中期刊引文率为81.02%,是学位论文的第一文献来源,其次是图书、网络文献、学位论文和会议论文等;引文语种以英文为主,占53.34%,其次是中文,占46.66%,再次是日文等其他语种,仅占0.18%;学位论文的平均普赖斯指数为41.67%;学位论文中有12.20%著录不规范,但有逐年下降的趋势。结论:我国护理学硕士研究生学位论文的学术水平较高,研究生对文献信息具有很强的吸收和利用能力。     

Bibliometrics,citation indexing,and the journals of nursing

Bibliometric research has risen in popularity during recent years and an increasing number of investigations now have examined the nursing literature. Our article provides a comprehensive overview of citation‐based research in the nursing profession, as well as a discussion of bibliometrics, journal impact factors, and international publishing trends. The debate on evidence‐based practice and its potential influence and relevance for nursing scholars is also covered. Although journal performance indicators are, no doubt, important for the contemporary nursing academic, it is the core research skills and attributes that nursing scholars, academics, and educators will need to consider more carefully in future if the next generation of professional nurse researchers is to truly flourish.     

22种护理期刊刊载人文关怀的文献计量学分析

[目的]了解我国人文关怀护理的研究现状及现存问题,揭示其特点和研究动态,为今后人文关怀护理的进一步发展提供参考依据和借鉴。[方法]从中国知网、万方、维普网、中国生物医学数据库上系统检索22种护理期刊,时间从建库至2016年12月1日关于人文关怀的文献,对符合标准的文献进行计量分析。[结果]共纳入523篇,纳入的文献中最早发表于2002年,从2005年后文献数量逐渐增加,基金支持的文献共104篇,占文献总量的19.88%。研究主题以临床护理较多(68.83%,360/523),理论研究较少(5.16%,27/523)。[结论]虽然人文关怀得到重视,但对关怀理论认识不足、护士对人文关怀实施程序不明确、护理关怀教育较为落后以及关怀理论缺乏等问题较为突出,护理管理者和教育者应着重加强人文关怀的教育和理论的挖掘,为人文关怀的发展提供理论支撑,从而促进人文关怀的更好发展。