2-甲基-3-羟基蒽醌诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡的机制

为探讨2-甲基-3-羟基蒽醌抗肿瘤作用及其机制,本研究采用锥虫蓝法检测细胞活力,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期变化、细胞凋亡率、线粒体膜电位及细胞内游离钙的变化,Western blot方法检测凋亡相关蛋白caspase-4、caspase-7、caspase-9、Bcl-2、Bax、JNK、细胞色素C的表达。结果发现：2-甲基-3-羟基蒽醌时间依赖性地抑制乳腺癌细胞的生长,升高细胞内游离钙含量,降低线粒体膜电位并诱导其凋亡;药物上调Bax并下调Bcl-2蛋白的表达;诱导caspase-4、caspase-7、caspase-9、calpain的活化及细胞色素C的释放。结果提示2-甲基-3-羟基蒽醌可能通过Ca²⁺/calpain/caspase-4途径诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡。     

紫花牡荆素通过线粒体凋亡途径诱导人宫颈癌HeLa细胞凋亡

目的:研究紫花牡荆素诱导人宫颈癌HeLa细胞凋亡作用,并探讨其诱导凋亡机制.方法:体外培养人宫颈癌HeLa细胞.细胞凋亡ELISA试剂盒检测HeLa细胞组蛋白/DNA碎片;碘化丙啶染色流式细胞术定量分析Sub-G1细胞百分率;DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳观察DNA梯形条带.caspase比色试剂盒检测caspase-3/-9活性;Rh123探针染色FCM检测线粒体膜电位;Western blot检测细胞色素c、Bax、Bcl-2、Bcl-xL和XIAP蛋白的表达.结果:不同浓度的CAS处理48h后,HeLa细胞组蛋白/DNA碎片增加、Sub-G1细胞百分率显著增高、DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳法观察到典型的DNA梯形条带;CAS处理组caspase-3/-9活性明显升高、线粒体膜电位降低、细胞色素c、Bax显著升高,而Bcl-xL和XIAP蛋白表达水平降低.结论:CAS通过线粒体凋亡途径诱导HeLa细胞凋亡.     

紫菀肽类组分诱导肝脏L-02细胞凋亡的机制

探讨紫菀肽类组分Fr-2的肝细胞毒性及其作用机制。采用二甲基噻唑蓝(MTT)检测人正常肝脏L-02细胞的活力,试剂盒检测LDH、ROS、GSH、细胞色素C和Caspase-9、Caspase-3的含量,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率和线粒体膜电位变化,Western blot法检测凋亡相关蛋白p-JNK、Bax、Bcl-2的表达。实验结果显示,紫菀肽类组分Fr-2可剂量/时间依赖性地抑制L-02细胞的生长,诱导细胞内的氧化应激反应,降低线粒体膜电位,促进细胞色素C的释放,升高Bax/Bcl-2的比值并激活Caspase-9、Caspase-3。以上结果表明,紫菀肽类组分Fr-2导致肝细胞毒性的主要诱因是氧化应激,主要作用机制是诱导线粒体依赖途径的细胞凋亡。     

甘草酸苷对肝癌细胞SMCC-7721凋亡的诱导作用

目的 探讨甘草酸苷对肝癌细胞SMCC-7721凋亡诱导作用及相关机制.方法 以甘草酸苷(0、10、30、100μg/mL)处理肝癌细胞SMCC-7721 48 h后,咪唑蓝(MTT)法检测肝癌细胞活力的影响;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡和线粒体膜电位;紫外分光光度法检测细胞中含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶3(Caspase-3)、Caspase-9活性的影响;Western blot分析线粒体途径中相关蛋白p53、细胞色素C(CytC)、B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)和Bcl-2相关蛋白(Bax)的表达.结果 与阴性对照比较,10、30、100 μg/mL甘草酸苷可显著降低细胞的活力(P＜0.01),诱导细胞凋亡(P＜0.01),促进线粒体膜电位去极化(P＜0.01),抑制肝癌细胞SMCC-7721Caspase-3、Caspase-9活性(P＜0.01),并上调p53、CytC、Bax的表达(P＜0.01),下调Bcl-2的表达(P＜0.01),且作用呈现浓度依赖关系.结论 甘草酸苷可通过线粒体途径诱导肝癌细胞SMCC-7721凋亡.     

眼镜蛇毒细胞毒素CTX-d诱导NB4细胞凋亡及其机制研究

目的探讨眼镜蛇毒细胞毒素CTX-d诱导NB细胞凋亡的机制。方法MTT法测定CTX-d体外细胞毒作用,电镜、流式细胞仪观察CTX-d对NB4细胞的诱导凋亡作用,流式细胞仪检测NB4细胞线粒体膜电位的变化,Western-blotting测定胞浆细胞色素C及caspase-9、caspase-3的变化。结果CTX-d作用NB4细胞6、12h的IC50分别为1.8、1.35μg/mL;CTX-d引起NB4细胞线粒体肿胀、核固缩等形态学改变;诱导NB4细胞出现亚G1期的凋亡峰,且有时效及量效关系;CTX-d(1.0μg/mL)作用0.5h,NB4细胞线粒体膜电位已开始下降,同时在胞浆中检测到细胞色素C,显示细胞色素C已由线粒体释放入胞浆;caspase-9酶原的量在CTX-d(1.0μg/mL)作用1h时开始下降,而活化的caspase-3片断在0.5h即检测到,表明除了通过caspase-9,CTX-d还可能通过其他途径激活caspase-3。结论CTX-d可通过降低线粒体膜电位、细胞色素C释放,激活caspase-9和caspase-3,从而诱导NB4细胞凋亡,还可能通过其他途径激活caspase-3,参与凋亡作用。     

褐藻素通过线粒体通路和氧化应激诱导前列腺癌细胞凋亡

目的 旨在探讨褐藻素（Fx）对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法 采用相应的试剂盒检测PC-3细胞活力和细胞凋亡。荧光探针染色检测PC-3细胞中的线粒体膜电位、线粒体形态和线粒体超氧化物。同时采用相应的试剂盒检测PC-3细胞中三磷酸腺苷、过氧化氢、丙二醛和超氧化物的含量以及总抗氧化能力。Western blot方法检测PC-3细胞中Bcl-2、Bax和细胞色素c蛋白的表达。采用相应的试剂盒检测PC-3细胞中caspase-9和caspase-3/7活性。结果 Fx呈时间和剂量依赖性地抑制PC-3细胞活力,呈剂量依赖性地诱导PC-3细胞凋亡（P<0.05）。经Fx处理后,PC-3细胞中的线粒体膜电位水平降低,线粒体碎片化,线粒体超氧化物水平升高（P<0.05）,且Fx的作用效果成剂量依赖性。Fx剂量依赖性地降低PC-3细胞中的三磷酸腺苷水平和总抗氧化能力,剂量依赖性地增加过氧化氢、丙二醛和超氧化物的含量（P<0.05）。经Fx处理后,PC-3细胞中Bax和细胞质中细胞色素c的水平呈剂量依赖性增加,PC-3细胞中Bcl-2和线粒体中细胞色素c的水平呈剂量依赖性降低（P<0.05）。结论 Fx通过引发线粒体功能障碍导致氧化应激和激活线粒体介导的凋亡信号通路诱导PC-3细胞凋亡,提示Fx有望成为治疗前列腺癌的潜在药物。     

线粒体途径在温热化疗诱导胃癌细胞AGS凋亡中的作用

目的 探讨线粒体途径在温热化疗诱导胃癌细胞AGS凋亡中的作用.方法 应用人胃癌细胞株AGS,根据不同实验处理分为常温对照(NT)、单纯温热(HT)、常温化疗(NTCT)和温热化疗(HTCT)四组.Western blotting法检测AGS细胞中Bax、Bcl-2蛋白及其线粒体胞质蛋白中细胞色素C的表达,实时PCR检测其Bax、Bcl-2的mRNA表达;分别测定各组AGS细胞Caspase 3和Caspase 9的酶活性变化.结果 与NT、HT、NTCT组比较,HTCT组AGS细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达下调而Bax蛋白表达上调,Bax/Bcl-2显著上升;线粒体胞质蛋白中细胞色素C表达增加;Caspase 9和Caspase 3的酶活性显著增高.结论 HTCT可引起AGS细胞Bcl-2、Bax基因和蛋白表达水平发生改变,促使其细胞色素C由线粒体释放进入细胞质,从而诱导细胞凋亡.     

线粒体途径在温热化疗诱导胃癌细胞AGS凋亡中的作用

目的探讨线粒体途径在温热化疗诱导胃癌细胞AGS凋亡中的作用。方法应用人胃癌细胞株AGS,根据不同实验处理分为常温对照(NT)、单纯温热(HT)、常温化疗(NTCT)和温热化疗(HTCT)四组。Western blotting法检测AGS细胞中Bax、Bcl-2蛋白及其线粒体胞质蛋白中细胞色素C的表达,实时PCR检测其Bax、Bcl-2的mRNA表达;分别测定各组AGS细胞Caspase3和Caspase9的酶活性变化。结果与NT、HT、NTCT组比较,HTCT组AGS细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达下调而Bax蛋白表达上调,Bax/Bcl-2显著上升;线粒体胞质蛋白中细胞色素C表达增加;Caspase9和Caspase3的酶活性显著增高。结论HTCT可引起AGS细胞Bcl-2、Bax基因和蛋白表达水平发生改变,促使其细胞色素C由线粒体释放进入细胞质,从而诱导细胞凋亡。     

鱼藤素对乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231线粒体通透性转换孔的作用

目的研究鱼藤素对乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231线粒体通透性转换孔的作用。方法MTT法检测鱼藤素对MDA-MB-231细胞的增殖抑制作用;AnnexinⅤ-FITC/PI双染流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率;罗丹明123单染法观察线粒体膜电位变化;蛋白免疫印迹法检测细胞质中Cytc的表达;分光光度法检测caspase-3蛋白活性;Fluo-3/AM荧光指示剂检测细胞内钙离子浓度变化;RT-PCR和蛋白免疫印迹法检测Bcl-2和Bax mRNA及其蛋白表达。结果鱼藤素对MDA-MB-231细胞增殖具有明显的抑制作用,呈时效和量效依赖关系(P0.05);鱼藤素处理细胞后,细胞线粒体膜电位降低,细胞质内Cytc蛋白表达水平升高,caspase-3活性明显提高,与未处理组相比差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。流式细胞术检测显示细胞凋亡率和细胞内钙离子浓度随鱼藤素浓度的增加而增多;RT-PCR和蛋白印迹检测结果发现鱼藤素能使Bcl-2 mRNA和蛋白表达减少,而Bax表达增加。结论鱼藤素对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞的增殖抑制、诱导凋亡作用可能与细胞内钙超载,Bcl-2和Bax表达改变影响线粒体通透性转换孔开放,诱导线粒体膜电位降低及Cytc释放有关。     

新型钌配合物通过内源性线粒体凋亡通路诱导Bel-7402细胞凋亡的机制

目的 研究钌配合物Ru-HMIP对肝癌细胞Bel-7402的抑制作用及其机制.方法 MTI法检测RuHMIP对Bel-7402细胞的杀伤作用;流式细胞术检测其诱导细胞凋亡情况;JC-1荧光探针检测线粒体膜电位;DCFH-DA荧光探针检测细胞内活性氧(ROS);Western blot检测细胞凋亡相关蛋白.结果 RuHMIP对Bel-7402细胞有较强的杀伤效果;其对细胞毒性作用是通过诱导细胞凋亡方式;Ru-HMIP在Bel-7402细胞中产生过量ROS,并且这种作用及其细胞毒性都可被还原剂乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)所阻断.Ru-HMIP可以破坏Bel-7402细胞线粒体膜电位;上调Bax,下调Bcl-2,同时激活Caspase-9及Caspase-3.结论 Ru-HMIP可以在体外有效抑制Bel-7402细胞增殖,其作用机制是在细胞内诱发过量ROS,继而通过内源性线粒体凋亡通路诱导细胞凋亡.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…