脑卒中后抑郁症动物模型的建立与评价

目的探讨脑卒中后抑郁(PSD)的大鼠模型建立的可行性和有效性.方法采用双侧颈总动脉永久性结扎后予以行为限制制作PSD大鼠模型,观察大鼠自发性行为改变,海马区单胺类神经递质的变化.结果模型组大鼠水平运动得分、垂直运动得分、清洁动作次数分别为(25.00±9.76)次/5min、(13.33±4.13)次/5min、(1.00±0.89)次/5min,与假手术组比较下降(P＜0.01 or 0.05),海马区5-HT、5-HIAA、DA、NE水平分别为(0.39±0.11)μg/g、(1.01±0.78)μg/g、(0.44±0.15)μg/g、(0.35±0.18)μg/g,与假手术组比较下调(P＜0.05).盐酸氟西汀可以改善卒中后抑郁大鼠的行为及脑内5-HT水平.结论大鼠双侧颈总动脉永久性结扎结合行为限制,可为卒中后抑郁的实验及临床研究提供较为理想的动物模型.     

氟西汀对脑卒中后抑郁大鼠海马区c-Fos、c-Jun蛋白的影响

目的　建立脑卒中后抑郁 (post strokedepression ,PSD)的大鼠模型 ,研究氟西汀对脑卒中后抑郁大鼠自发行为和海马区c fos、c jun的影响。方法　采用双侧颈总动脉永久性结扎 (2VO)造成PSD大鼠模型 ,治疗后观察大鼠自发性行为改变 ,海马区的c fos和c jun蛋白表达变化 ,用图像分析方法对大鼠海马区c fos和c jun阳性细胞的相对切面面积比和平均目标灰度值进行分析。结果　氟西汀可增加大鼠水平自发行为 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,降低海马区c fos、c jun蛋白表达。 结论　大鼠双侧颈总动脉结扎可以为PSD的临床研究提供理想的动物模型。氟西汀可以改善脑卒中后抑郁大鼠的行为及分子生物学异常。     

氟西汀对脑卒中后抑郁大鼠海马区c-Fos、c-Jun蛋白的影响

目的建立脑卒中后抑郁(post-stroke depression,PSD)的大鼠模型,研究氟西汀对脑卒中后抑郁大鼠自发行为和海马区c-fos、c-jun的影响.方法采用双侧颈总动脉永久性结扎(2VO)造成PSD大鼠模型,治疗后观察大鼠自发性行为改变,海马区的c-fos和c-jun蛋白表达变化,用图像分析方法对大鼠海马区c-fos和c-jun阳性细胞的相对切面面积比和平均目标灰度值进行分析.结果氟西汀可增加大鼠水平自发行为 (P＜0.05),降低海马区c-fos、c-jun蛋白表达.结论大鼠双侧颈总动脉结扎可以为PSD的临床研究提供理想的动物模型.氟西汀可以改善脑卒中后抑郁大鼠的行为及分子生物学异常.     

涤痰开窍法对脑卒中后抑郁大鼠的影响

目的 :建立脑卒中后抑郁 (post- stroke depression,PSD)的大鼠模型 ,研究涤痰开窍法对脑卒中后抑郁大鼠自发行为和海马区 c- fos、c- jun的影响。方法 :采用双侧颈总动脉永久性结扎 (2 VO)造成 PSD大鼠模型 ,治疗后观察大鼠自发性行为的改变 ,海马区的 c- fos和 c- jun蛋白表达变化 ,用图象分析方法对大鼠海马区 c- fos和 c- jun阳性细胞的相对切面面积比和平均目标灰度值进行分析。结果 :涤痰开窍法可增加大鼠水平自发行为 (P<0 .0 5) ,降低海马区 c- fos蛋白和 c- jun蛋白表达。结论 :涤痰开窍法为治疗脑卒中后抑郁大鼠的有效方法。     

脑缺血时5-羟色胺变化及其拮抗剂保护作用的研究（摘要）

本文旨在探讨脑缺血时5-羟色胺(5-HT)的变化及5-HT2受体拮抗剂保护作用。①本实验通过结扎沙土鼠双侧颈总动脉10min、30min及结扎30min再灌2h后，测定脑缺血及缺血再灌双侧大脑皮层5-HT和5-羟吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA)的变化，结果发现：脑缺血时5-HT、5-HIAA含量显著降低5-HT假手术组为967.76±276.53ng·g^-1；缺血10min组为581．83±176．61ng·g^-1；     

大鼠血管性痴呆模型的制作

目的制作存活时间长且有明显临床症状的大鼠血管性痴呆(Vasculardementia,VD)模型。方法夹闭双侧的颈总动脉5 min后,复灌1 h,连续3次,末次再灌注1 h后永久性结扎双侧的颈总动脉。结果缺血再灌注后结扎双侧颈总动脉方法制作VD模型动物存活率高,海马神经元损伤明显,行为学异常。结论缺血再灌注后结扎方法制作大鼠VD模型成功。     

卒中后抑郁大鼠海马区芳烃受体核转位蛋白2的表达

目的探讨卒中后抑郁(PSD)大鼠海马区芳烃受体核转位蛋白2(ARNT2)的表达。方法 24只雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为假手术组、单纯抑郁组、单纯卒中组和PSD组,每组6只。采用线栓法制备局灶性脑缺血大鼠模型,在此基础上综合孤养、不可预测应激处理复合制备PSD大鼠模型。采用半定量反转录聚合酶链反应、免疫组织化学法检测大鼠海马区ARNT2 mRNA和蛋白的表达。结果单纯卒中组和PSD组大鼠海马区ARNT2 mRNA的相对表达量均高于假手术组(P<0.05),PSD组大鼠海马区ARNT2 mRNA的相对表达量高于单纯卒中组和单纯抑郁组(P<0.05)。单纯抑郁组与假手术组大鼠海马区ARNT2蛋白表达比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),单纯卒中组和PSD组大鼠海马区ARNT2蛋白表达均高于假手术组(P<0.05),PSD组大鼠海马CA2区ARNT2蛋白表达显著高于单纯抑郁组和单纯卒中组(P<0.05)。结论 ARNT2参与了PSD发生的生物学过程。     

跑台运动对脑卒中后抑郁大鼠抑郁样行为、海马氧化应激及海马CA1区BDNF表达的影响

目的观察脑卒中慢性应激大鼠抑郁样行为、海马氧化应激及海马CA1区脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)表达的变化和中等强度跑台运动的干预作用,探讨跑台运动影响卒中后抑郁(PSD)大鼠抑郁行为的可能机制。方法将44只大鼠随机分为4组:即假手术组(sham)、卒中组(MCAO)、卒中抑郁组(PSD)及PSD运动组(PSD+E)。采用大脑中动脉栓塞法制备大鼠缺血性卒中模型,随后慢性不可预见性应激(CUMS) 4周制备PSD大鼠模型,同时PSD+E组大鼠进行4周中等强度跑台运动。运动及CUMS结束后,蔗糖水偏好实验(SPT)及强迫游泳实验(FST)评估大鼠的行为学变化,行为学测试结束后试剂盒法检测海马组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量,免疫组化法测量大鼠海马CA1区BDNF的表达。结果与sham组比较,PSD大鼠FST中大鼠不动时间延长,SPT中糖水摄入量及糖水偏爱百分比均显著减少;海马SOD及CAT活性显著下降,MDA含量增加,海马CA1区BDNF数目显著减少。跑台运动干预后与PSD组大鼠比较,PSD+E组大鼠不动时间缩短,糖水摄入量及糖水偏爱百分比均显著增多;大鼠海马SOD及CAT活性增强,MDA含量减少,海马CA1区BDNF个数显著增多。结论跑台运动可以改善PSD大鼠抑郁样行为,可能与此运动增强PSD大鼠海马组织抗氧化能力及海马CA1区BDNF表达,从而对PSD大鼠起到保护作用有关。     

慢性脑缺血痴呆大鼠额叶细胞凋亡的研究

目的探讨额叶细胞凋亡在慢性脑缺血所致大鼠痴呆中的作用。方法20只大鼠随机分为模型组和假手术组,模型组采用双侧颈总动脉(CCA)永久性阻断法(2-VO)建立血管性痴呆(VD)大鼠模型,假手术组仅分离暴露双侧CCA而不予结扎。采用暗回避反应法测定学习记忆能力,并应用免疫组织化学法、TUNEL法检测大鼠额叶Bcl-2蛋白表达及细胞凋亡情况。结果模型组术后1周和3周大鼠的学习记忆能力减退,潜伏期分别为(232±13)s和(220±14)s,而假手术组均为(300±0)s,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。模型组大鼠额叶Bcl-2的表达及凋亡细胞分别为(28.5±2.1)个/视野和(65.2±9.7)个/视野,假手术组分别为(2.6±1.0)个/视野和(4.3±1.4)个/视野,模型组较假手术组明显增高(P<0.01)。结论额叶神经细胞凋亡参与了慢性脑缺血后痴呆的发生。     

永久性前脑缺血大鼠海马CA1区脑源性神经营养因子及其受体TrkB蛋白表达水平的改变

目的 探讨永久性前脑缺血大鼠海马CA1区脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)及其受体酪氨酸蛋白激酶B(TrkB)蛋白表达水平的改变.方法 采用永久性结扎双侧颈总动脉的方法制造永久性前脑缺血大鼠模型.造模8周后对大鼠大脑石蜡切片进行免疫组织化学染色,测定海马CA1区BDNF以及TrkB的定位、相对定量表达.抽提大鼠海马CA1区组织蛋白,采用Western Blot对BDNF以及TrkB的蛋白表达水平进行定量分析.结果 永久性前脑缺血8周后,大鼠海马CA1区BDNF免疫反应阳性产物主要分布于锥体细胞的胞浆、胞核及轴突;模型组大鼠的BDNF蛋白表达水平显著升高(P＜0.05).大鼠海马CA1区TrkB免疫反应阳性产物主要分布于神经元的胞浆及轴突内;与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠海马CA1区TrkB蛋白表达水平无显著改变(P＞0.05).结论 双侧颈总动脉结扎造成的永久性前脑缺血可增加大鼠海马CA1区BDNF蛋白表达水平,而对其受体TrkB的蛋白表达水平无显著影响.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…