导电炭黑填充室温硫化硅橡胶的屏蔽性能

研究了导电炭黑及镍粉等导电填料填充室温硫化(RTV)硅橡胶的电阻率及屏蔽值随填料配比、拉力的变化特性。结果表明,在低阻值情况下可用Schelkunoff理论较好地描述其屏蔽效果,且屏蔽值随着电阻值的变化产生了类似于渗滤现象的突变;在102Ω·cm以下随着电阻率的降低,屏蔽效果迅速增加。同时根据隧道导电理论推导了电阻值随拉力的变化关系,该关系式可近似用二次多项式表示,并对实验结果进行很好地拟合。     

聚丙烯/碳纳米管复合材料的结构与导电性能:注塑工艺与膨胀石墨的影响

获得高性能碳纳米管（MWCNT）增强聚合物复合材料的关键在于控制碳纳米管在聚合物基体中的分布与取向。传统的注塑成型工艺下,碳纳米管容易发生取向,其表面电阻率远远大于模压成型时的电阻率。本文通过调整注塑工艺改变剪切场实现对碳纳米管在基体中分布与取向的控制。结果表明：在低熔体温度和高注射速度下,碳纳米管局部取向,导电性能下降;而在高熔体温度和低注射速度下,碳纳米管分散良好,导电网络优良,聚丙烯/碳纳米管（PP/MWCNT）注塑制品的导电性能得到有效提升,其表面电阻率下降了约5个数量级。加入膨胀石墨（EG）有增强导电网络的作用,使PP/MWCNT/EG复合材料的导电网络更为完善,其导电性能进一步提高,尤其在低熔体温度和高注射速度下最为明显;随着EG含量的增加,PP/MWCNT/EG的表面电阻率下降了3个数量级。     

新型腹腔化疗管复合材料的制备与性能表征

目的 本研究采用医用硅橡胶经聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)改性,用于制备植入体内的新型腹腔化疗管复合材料.方法 对其材料进行物理机械性能、动物试验安全性进行评价.结果 PTFE添加最对复合材料硬度的影响不大,随着PTFE含量增加,复合材料仍保持较高的物理机械性能;复合材料通过过敏试验、热源试验、全身急性毒性试验表明,所制备的复合材料在生物学评价试验中均呈阴性反应,材料无明显毒性,材料中不存在潜在致敏性物质,所含热原含量符合生物体的要求.具有优良的生物相容性.结论 本文所制备的硅橡胶/PTFE复合材料具有较高的物理机械性能和优良的生物相容性,是制备腹腔化疗导管的良好材料.     

聚苯乙炔/碳纳米管复合材料的制备及导电性

以无水A lC l3为催化剂合成了聚苯乙炔(PPA)、用浓H2SO4进行磺化改性,并通过共混制得了PPA/碳纳米管(CNT)及磺化PPA/CNT复合材料;研究了复合材料的导电性及电导率与CNT含量的关系。结果表明:磺化PPA/CNT导电阈值比PPA/CNT的降低了1%,前者达到极限电导率所需CNT的量是后者的10%;X-射线衍射(XRD)测试表明,在CNT界面上的磺化PPA有新的晶型产生。     

肾缺血再灌注损伤对磺胺嘧啶代谢动力学的影响

目的:观察家兔肾缺血再灌注损伤(ischemicreperfusioninjury,I/R)对磺胺嘧啶药动学的影响。方法:建立肾I/R模型,24只家兔随机分为3组,A组:假手术;B组:夹闭45min后再灌2h;C组:夹闭2h后灌注2h。于再灌注同时注射磺胺嘧啶,测定其分布半衰期t1/2α,消退半衰期t1/2β,并于不同时间点检测血清中的尿素氮(BUN)和肌酐(Cr)含量,同时观察大鼠形态学改变。结果:(1)C组的t1/2α和t1/2β明显延长,与A组及B组相比差异有显著性(P<005),其血清中BUN和Cr含量亦明显升高(P<0.05)。(2)B组t1/2α与假手术组差异无显著性,但t1/2β与假手术组相比明显延长(P<0.05)。结论:兔肾I/R使磺胺嘧啶在体内的分布及消除异常,以缺血2h更为明显。     

多壁碳纳米管-环氧树脂纳米复合材料的γ-射线固化行为

通过γ-射线辐射固化制备了多壁碳纳米管-环氧树脂复合材料。采用索氏提取法、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)测试了多壁碳纳米管环氧树脂复合体系的凝胶含量、转化率及热流曲线等固化动力学参数。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）表征了复合材料的微观组织。结果表明：通过γ-射线辐射固化的复合体系的凝胶含量随着辐射剂量、光引发剂含量的增加而增加;由于多壁碳纳米管对活性反应中心的影响,转化率随着多壁碳纳米管加入量的增加呈先下降,后增加的趋势。复合体系中多壁碳纳米管含量较高时易发生团聚,团聚会对复合体系的固化行为产生一定影响。     

导电炭黑在聚丙烯/极性聚合物体系中的选择性分散及其对导电性能的影响

以聚丙烯(PP)和极性聚合物的共混物为基体材料,以导电炭黑为填料,通过熔融共混制备导电复合材料。探讨了导电炭黑在两相基体中的分散情况以及双基体各组分比例对复合体系结构形态和导电性能的影响。SEM测试结果表明:炭黑粒子选择性地分散在极性乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物(EAA)树脂或尼龙6(PA6)中。EAA相在PP基体中呈棒状伸长结构,且随着EAA树脂含量的增大,在PP基体中形成更多更为连续的棒状伸长结构,使体积电阻率迅速下降。当在体系中加入PA6,mPP/mPA6=80/20时,PA6在PP基体中形成相互连接的纤维状分散结构,显著降低了复合体系的体积电阻率。电性能测试结果表明:材料在相同导电炭黑含量下的体积电阻率相对单基体体系可降低3~7个数量级。     

聚醚醚酮/碳纳米管/生物活性玻璃复合材料的成骨细胞相容性研究

目的:探讨新型聚醚醚酮/碳纳米管/生物活性玻璃(PEEK/CNTs/BGs)复合材料的体外成骨细胞相容性。方法:体外培养小鼠成骨细胞MC3T3-E1,通过噻唑蓝法、吖啶橙荧光染色法研究PEEK/CNTs/BGs复合材料对成骨细胞增殖的影响。应用扫描电镜(SEM)观察MC3T3-E1细胞在PEEK/CNTs/BGs复合材料表面的黏附生长情况。结果:MC3T3-E1细胞在PEEK/CNTs/BGs复合材料表面的增殖能力较聚醚醚酮和聚醚醚酮/碳纳米管(PEEK/CNTs)复合材料强。SEM实验结果表明,PEEK/CNTs/BGs复合材料表面有利于MC3T3-E1细胞黏附、铺展和生长。结论:PEEK/CNTs/BGs复合材料具有良好的成骨细胞相容性,有望作为新型骨科材料。     

腺苷介导家兔心脏缺血预适应的保护效应

目的:研究心脏缺血预适应对心脏缺血/再灌注(I/R)损伤的保护机制.方法:建立在体家兔心脏I/R模型,测定腺苷含量、肌酸磷酸激酶(CK)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)漏出率及心肌梗死面积,并观察心肌的组织切片和超微结构,用SAS软件包作成组t检验处理,以观察缺血预适应对I/R心肌损伤的保护效应.结果:缺血预适应组心功能恢复明显好于对照组(P＜0.01),CK、LDH漏出率及心肌梗死面积均低于对照组(P＜0.01),同时伴有心肌组织腺苷含量增高(P＜0.01).结论:缺血预适应对I/R损伤具有保护作用,腺苷可能介导这种保护效应.     

新型磁共振造影剂介孔二氧化硅钆掺合纳米颗粒的研制

 【目的】 研制一种新型顺磁性高的含钆纳米材料介孔二氧化硅钆掺合纳米颗粒(Gd-MCM-41),评估其应用于影像学诊断的可行性。【方法】 将Gd掺合到MCM-41的介孔孔道中,制备含钆纳米材料Gd-MCM-41,透射电镜观察该纳米材料特征;X-射线能谱仪测量复合材料内的钆含量;0.5T核磁共振分析仪测定该材料的弛豫率R1、R2;1.5T磁共振成像系统观察其在Balb/c裸鼠体内和鼻咽癌CNE-2裸鼠移植瘤的分布特点。【结果】 制备的含钆纳米颗粒呈圆球形,直径约80~150 nm。X-射线能谱仪测量该复合材料内的钆含量(质量百分比)约2.89%。加入分散剂Tween研磨分散后,Gd-MCM-41在0.5T的纵向弛弛豫率R1、横向弛豫率R2分别为7.45 mmol^-1.L.S^-1、10.97 mmol^-1.L.S^-1,显著高于常规造影剂Gd-DTPA(R1,4.27 mmol^-1.L.S^-1;R2,4.99 mmol^-1.L.S^-1)。含钆纳米造影剂静脉注射后,1 min胸主动脉信号强度明显增高,约30 ~ 60 min达峰,随后信号强度渐降,该材料主要在肝脏分布和代谢,并使鼻咽癌CNE-2裸鼠移植瘤在MR图像上较明显强化。【结论】 本研究成功制备了含钆纳米材料的新型磁共振造影剂,在肿瘤局部聚集,为进一步研究和应用于影像诊断奠定了基础。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…