后路半椎体切除椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗先天性脊柱畸形

目的：评价后方入路半椎体切除并椎弓根螺钉矫形固定椎间植骨融合术治疗先天性脊柱侧后突畸形的疗效。方法：2005年1月～2009年12月,我科收集17例先天性半椎体并脊柱侧突后突畸形患儿,男11例,女6例,平均年龄11.8岁。患儿接受后路半椎体切除＋椎弓根螺钉矫形固定＋椎间隙半椎体之骨颗粒植入融合术,手术固定2～8椎体,椎体手术后佩戴胸腰背支具6个月以上,测量并比较术前、术后1周及术后1年侧后突之Cobb角,从而评估手术效果。结果：本组患儿侧突主弯Cobb角术前平均64.2°,术后18.3°,矫正率为71.5%;后突主弯Cobb角术前平均57.1°,术后22.6°,矫正率为60.4%。术后无神经功能障碍或术区感染等并发症发生。术后3个月植骨达到骨性融合,而且代偿性辅弯减少,躯干平衡改善。结论：后方入路半椎体切除并椎弓根螺钉矫形固定椎间植骨融合术治疗先天性脊柱侧后突畸形可以达到满意的治疗效果,其中,短节段固定又可以保留较多的椎体生长和运动功能。     

一期后路半椎体切除加全节段椎弓根螺钉固定矫形青春期严重先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形

目的 回顾分析14例青春期严重先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形采用一期后路半椎体切除加全节段椎弓根螺钉固定术治疗,探讨青春期严重先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形采取此手术的可行性和相关手术处理技巧.方法 2004年10月～2011年3月,通过一期后路半椎体切除加全节段椎弓根螺钉固定术矫治14例青春期严重先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形患者,男9例,女5例,年龄12～18岁,平均14.3岁;其中单个半椎体10例,多个半椎体2例,半椎体合并对侧骨桥或肋骨融合2例;病变位于胸段(T4、T5、T7、8、T9)4例、胸腰段(T11、T12各2例、L1、2、L2各1例)6例、腰段(L3、L4各2例)4例.术前脊柱侧凸Cobb's角63°～105°,平均76°;脊柱后凸角42°～83°,平均56°;躯干偏移3.0～31.5 mm,平均14.1 mm.内固定使用CDH 3例,TSRH 9例,中华长城2例.结果 全部病例随访7～72个月,平均36.4个月.手术时间147～428min,平均221min;术中出血210～1 860mL,平均860mL.固定融合节段7～13个椎体,平均9.6个.术后脊柱侧凸Cobb's角13°～45 °,平均31.2°,平均矫正率58.9％;术后脊柱后凸Cobb's角11°～39°,平均26.5°,平均矫正率59.0％;术后躯干偏移0～10.3 mm,平均为4.3 mm.随访中脊柱侧、后凸和躯干偏移无明显矫正丢失.手术并发症包括术中加压时椎弓根切割1例,代偿弯加重1例,术后切口渗液1例.结论 采用一期后路半椎体切除加全节段椎弓根螺钉固定矫形青春期严重先天性脊柱侧后凸是一个安全、可靠的手术方法,其矫形效果满意、固定可靠.     

一期后路半椎体切除椎弓根钉短节段内固定矫治先天性脊柱侧后凸

目的:评价一期后路半椎体切除椎弓根钉短节段内固定矫治先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形的手术风险与临床效果.方法:先天性半椎体脊柱侧后凸畸形患者17例,平均年龄10.3岁,畸形主弯位于胸腰段(T10～L2)者11例,腰段(L3～L5)者3例,胸段(T1～T9)者3例.17例行一期后路半椎体切除椎弓根钉系统内固定术,比较末次随访和术前脊柱侧弯、后凸Cobb角及矢状面、冠状面平衡矫正情况.结果:所有患者顺利完成手术,手术固定4～7椎节,平均4.6椎节.随访平均18.9个月(12～24个月),脊柱侧弯矫正率平均(68.7±6.78)％,后凸矫正率平均(66.7±4.05)％.所有患者均获骨性愈合,未发生内固定失败及脊髓神经根受损,躯干失代偿均得到矫正.结论:一期后路半椎体切除椎弓根钉短节段固定术安全、有效,脊柱三维矫形稳定,最大程度保留了脊柱功能,具有融合率高、并发症少的优点.     

后路半椎体切除短节段经椎弓根内固定治疗小儿先天性脊柱侧凸11例

目的探讨后路半椎体切除,短节段经椎弓根内固定术治疗小儿先天性脊柱侧凸患者的临床效果。方法11例小儿先天性脊柱侧凸患者均为侧后方半椎体畸形,均行后路I期半椎体切除,短节段经椎弓根内固定术;完成内固定后将半椎体上下双侧椎板、横突、关节突去皮质,制作植骨床,残存间隙和植骨床,用切除的松质骨植骨。结果手术时间平均3.5h,术中出血量平均420m l,输血300~600m l,平均输血量350m l。术后随防6~24个月,术前主弯Cobb角平均38°,术后平均16.5,°末次随访时15°,平均矫正率66.4%,所有患儿躯干平衡良好,末发现失代偿现象,均无神经系统并发症。结论对小儿发展的半椎体畸形,在原发侧凸发展严重或代偿性侧凸形成结构性侧凸之前,行后路半椎体切除,短节段椎弓根内固定术可直接去除致畸因素,在冠状面和矢状面均可获得良好的矫形,并且可保存脊柱的生长能力和更多的运动节段。     

后路半椎体切除多棒分段矫治中、重度僵硬性先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形

目的评价一期经后路半椎体切除及多棒分段矫形治疗单个半椎体引起的中、重度僵硬性脊柱侧后凸畸形的初期手术效果。方技17例中、重度僵硬性先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形患者均经一期后路半椎体切除及多棒分段矫形内固定治疗,其中T102例,T104例,T125例,L13例,L23例;术前侧凸Cobb角为（67．9±8．2）°．后凸Cobb角为（73．0±10．6）°。结果所有患者安全完成手术,无死亡及神经损伤并发症发生。手术时间4．0～7．5h,平均5．6h;术中出血量500～3000mL,平均1050mL。1例术中切除肋骨小头时引起胸膜撕裂,发生血气胸,行胸腔闭式引流,1周后痊愈;随访时间12～35个月,平均19．4个月。随访x线片证实植骨均融合,未发现内固定物松动断裂、假关节形成等并发症。术后l周和末次随访时侧凸及后凸Cobb角与术前比较均明显改善,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论一期经后路半椎体切除及多棒分段矫治单个半椎体引起的中、重度僵硬性先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形,方法有效且可行,在矫正脊柱侧弯的同时有效矫正脊柱后凸畸形。     

后路半椎体切除并360°松解植骨融合内固定治疗先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形

目的 观察后路半椎体切除并360°松解植骨融合内固定治疗半椎体所致先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析自2004年1月1日～2011年12月31日施行后路半椎体切除并360°松解植骨融合内固定术的24例先天性脊柱侧后凸患者的临床资料,术前侧凸Cobb角48.50°±10.32°(40°～82°),伴后凸畸形12例,后凸Cobb角27.20°±4.76°(13° ～38°).均行后路一期半椎体切除并360°松解植骨融合内固定术,术后1周及随访时复查全脊柱正侧位X线片,每3月随访1次.结果 术后侧凸Cobb角为12.90°±5.64°(5°～18°),矫正率为73.4％;12例伴后凸畸形者后凸Cobb角为8.70°±3.12°(6°～15°),矫正率为68.1％;术后随访6～36月,平均14.6个月,末次随访侧凸Cobb角为16.30°±6.23(6° ～22°),最终矫正率为66.4％,后凸Cobb角为11.30°土7.21(8°～21°),最终矫正率为58.5％;术后植骨融合部位骨痂形成良好,无感染、内固定器械断裂等并发症.结论 后路一期半椎体切除并360°松解植骨融合内固定治疗先天性脊柱侧后凸可直接去除致畸因素并起到良好的矫形效果.     

后路经椎弓根半椎体切除融合内固定治疗半椎体畸形

目的 评价后路经椎弓根半椎体切除、植骨内固定治疗半椎体畸形的疗效.方法 回顾性分析2007年6月至2009年6月共30例接受经椎弓根半椎体切除、植骨内固定治疗的先天性半椎体畸形病例,比较术前、术后脊柱全长正侧位片及脊柱侧凸Cobb角.结果 术前冠状面主弯Cobb角平均46.52°,术后Cobb角14.64°,侧凸平均矫正率68.51%,术前术后主弯Cobb角比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);无内固定断裂、出现神经症状病例.结论 后路经椎弓根半椎体切除、融合内固定治疗半椎体畸形可有效地矫正畸形.     

后路半椎体切除矫治先天性脊柱侧后凸的临床疗效分析

目的：探讨后路半椎体切除矫治先天性脊柱侧后凸的临床疗效。方法选取该院收治的先天性脊柱侧后凸患者50例,全部患者均行后路半椎体切除矫治术治疗,比较术前、术后,X线片中测量的侧凸Cobb角、后凸Cobb角,分析后路半椎体切除矫治术治疗的临床效果。结果全部50例患者,术后侧凸Cobb角（10.4±2.3）o,明显小于术前侧凸Cobb角（52.5±6.6）o,比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;术后后凸Cobb角（8.3±1.6）o,明显小于术前后凸Cobb角（31.9±5.2）o,比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论后路半椎体切除矫治先天性脊柱侧后凸具有明显的手术效果,患者术后侧、后凸Cobb角均得到了较好的矫正,临床效果明显,值得临床上推广应用。     

后路半椎体切除短节段融合治疗先天性脊柱侧弯疗效观察

目的:探讨后路半椎体切除短节段融合治疗先天性脊柱侧弯的临床疗效。方法:选取30例本院收治的先天性脊柱侧弯患儿,经后方入路半椎体切除后,一期行短关节椎弓根螺钉矫形固定和脊柱植骨融合术,比较患儿手术前后及随访期内的脊柱侧弯情况及后凸Cobb’s角。结果:患儿脊柱畸形情况改善明显,冠状面半椎体节段侧弯Cobb’s角术前平均41.3°、术后平均15.3°,矫正率63.0%,末次随访平均14.8°,矫正率64.2%;冠状面全主弯Cobb’s角术前平均46.8°、术后平均18.6°,矫正率60.3%,末次随访平均17.6°,矫正率62.4%;矢状面半椎体节段术前平均后凸15.3°,术后Cobb’s角降至生理曲度正常范围,术后尾侧和头侧代偿弯也有明显改善,5项数据手术前后比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:后路半椎体切除短节段融合治疗先天性脊柱侧弯疗效显著,该术式能够达到矫正先天性脊柱侧弯的目的,在患儿骨骼成熟前治疗,可有效预防继发性脊柱病变,值得在临床上推广使用。     

后路椎体切除置入椎弓根钉棒系统内固定治疗先天性脊柱后侧凸畸形

目的 探讨后路半椎体切除加椎弓根钉棒系统内固定治疗先天性脊柱侧凸的临床效果.方法 选择2008年12月～2011年12月收治的先天性脊柱侧凸患者15例,均为完全分节性半椎体畸形.患者均采用后路半椎体切除加椎弓根钉棒系统内固定治疗.术后随访,摄脊柱正侧位X线片,比较手术前后冠状面Cobb角及后凸角度矫正情况.结果 本组15例患者术前胸弯Cobb角为（52.4±10.6）°,末次随访为（14.6±6.4）°,矫正率为72.1％;术前腰弯Cobb角为（43.7±9.8）°,末次随访为（12.1±4.7）°,矫正率为72.3％;术前C7-CSVL为（6.3±4.6）cm,末次随访为（2.7±1.3）cm,矫正率为57.1％;各指标治疗前与末次随访比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;所有患者术后均无脊髓损伤,术后均无感染,无内固定松动,无假关节形成无骨不连及植骨吸收等并发症发生.结论 后路半椎体切除加椎弓根钉棒系统内固定治疗半椎体畸形所致先天性脊柱侧凸安全、有效,矫正效果满意.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.