微创保胆取石术前后胆囊收缩功能的超声评价

目的超声评价微创保胆取石术前后胆囊收缩功能的变化,为临床提供重要手术参考依据。方法应用超声评价40例微创保胆取石术患者手术前后胆囊收缩功能的变化。结果本组病例中,术前胆囊收缩功能良好(A组)21例术后胆囊收缩率均恢复正常;术前收缩功能尚可(B组)12例66%恢复正常;术前收缩功能欠佳和差(C组)7例71%收缩功能恢复正常或改善。3组患者术后3个月胆囊收缩率比较术前均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论超声评价诊断胆囊结石疾病及胆囊功能具有重要的临床作用,为微创保胆取石术前后胆囊功能的评估提供了重要的依据,本组病例提示,微创保胆取石术患者术后胆囊收缩功能基本可恢复正常或接近正常。     

腹腔镜联合胆道镜微创保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石60例疗效观察

目的:探讨腹腔镜联合胆道镜微创保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石的临床意义。方法:120例胆囊结石患者随机分为两组,每组60例。胆囊切除组患者采用标准三孔法腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗;胆囊保留组患者采取腹腔镜联合胆道镜微创保胆取石术治疗。观察两组患者术中出血量、住院时间、术后肛门排气时间、住院费用及并发症发生情况。结果:两组手术时间、术后肛门排气时间、住院费用等对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);胆囊保留组中术中出血量低于胆囊切除组,术后并发症率明显少于胆囊切除组(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜联合胆道镜微创保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石,更有利于减少术中创伤和术后不良反应,是治疗胆囊结石的理想方法。     

胆囊结石2种微创治疗方式的疗效对比

目的探讨腹腔镜保胆取石术与LC治疗胆囊结石的疗效比较。方法将有保胆适应证的胆囊结石患者共134例随机分为两组,一组行腹腔镜保胆取石术,简称保胆组(61例),另一组行腹腔镜胆囊切除术,简称非保胆组(73例),对两组的手术时间、手术成功率、术中出血量、术后结石残留率、术后住院时间、术后并发症等进行统计分析。结果两种治疗方式的手术时间、手术成功率、术后结石残留率、术后住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。但保胆组比非保胆组术中出血更少、术后并发症发生率更低,保胆组未见结石复发,胆囊功能良好。结论两种治疗方式各有其适应证和优缺点,对于胆囊结石应采取切、保结合的个体化治疗方案。有保胆条件的胆囊结石病人,腹腔镜保胆取石术手术创伤更小、恢复快、住院时间短、术后并发症发生率低,且保留了胆囊的正常生理功能,具有很好的临床推广价值。     

微创保胆手术前后胆囊收缩功能变化

目的：探讨微创保胆手术前后胆囊功能的变化,为临床保胆手术提供参考和借鉴。方法回顾性分析31例行微创腹腔镜保胆取石手术患者临床资料,通过超声评估胆囊收缩功能,观察手术前后胆囊收缩功能的变化。结果患者术后1个月胆囊收缩功能低于术前,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;术后3、6、12个月胆囊收缩功能与术前比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论微创保胆取石术后早期胆囊收缩功能改善不明显,术后3个月后患者胆囊收缩功能可恢复至正常,微创保胆手术可有效胆保留囊收缩功能。     

利胆防石散对微创保胆取石术后胆囊结石复发的预防作用

目的评价选择性保胆取石术后利胆防石散内服预防胆囊结石复发的临床应用价值。方法将我院2007—2009年符合内镜微创保胆取石术条件的60例胆囊结石患者,按随机排列表将患者分为两组,各30例。两组患者通过腹腔镜切开胆囊底,应用纤维胆道镜进行取石,保留功能良好的胆囊。治疗组患者术后5d服利胆防石散3个月。对照组患者除不服利胆防石散外,其余护理、饮食等与治疗组相同。术后2年复查胆囊壁厚度及胆囊收缩功能,比较两组有无差异。结果60例保胆取石术均获成功,无严重并发症,3～5d均痊愈出院。两组患者术前胆囊壁厚度、胆囊收缩功能间差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,术后2年两组患者胆囊壁厚度、胆囊收缩功能间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论保胆取石术后患者服用利胆防石散,能使胆囊壁的厚度明显减少,既能减轻胆囊的炎症反应,还能增强胆囊的收缩功能,对胆囊结石的复发有一定的预防作用。     

腹腔镜联合胆道镜保胆取石术对患者胆囊收缩功能及胆囊壁厚度的影响

目的研究腹腔镜联合胆道镜保胆取石术对患者胆囊收缩功能及胆囊壁厚度的影响。方法选取2015年6月至2016年6月于郑州市金水区总医院治疗的胆囊结石患者74例,根据治疗方案将患者分为对照组和观察组,每组37例。对照组接受腹腔镜下胆囊切除术,观察组接受腹腔镜联合胆道镜保胆取石术。比较两组患者相关手术指标、并发症发生情况;对观察组患者随访1 a,观察胆囊收缩功能及厚度变化情况。结果两组患者手术相关指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组并发症发生率比观察组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后1 a,观察组胆囊收缩功能较术前提高,且胆囊厚度降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜联合胆道镜进行保胆手术治疗,可有效降低患者并发症发生率,安全性高,能够有效恢复患者胆道收缩功能,降低胆囊壁厚度。     

腹腔镜保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石的疗效分析

目的：探讨腹腔镜保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石的临床疗效。方法选取需要进行手术治疗的胆囊结石患者122例，随机均分为2组（n=61）。对照组实施常规腹腔镜胆囊切除术，观察组实施腹腔镜保胆取石术，对2组患者的围手术期情况及术后远期效果进行分析。结果观察组术后并发症发生率显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（χ2=25.85,P<0.05）；观察组术后远期进食消化功能不全发生率显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（χ2=35.02，P<0.05）。根据焦虑评价表进行术后焦虑情况调查，观察组术后焦虑情况（42.21±0.25）分，对照组（82.02±0.35）分，观察组术后焦虑情况显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（t=23.2014，P<0.05）。结论腹腔镜保胆取石术较传统腹腔镜胆囊切除，具有保留胆囊的生理功能、减少并发症、提高患者的生存质量，是一种安全有效的临床治疗胆囊结石的手术方法。     

3D腹腔镜联合硬镜在微创保胆取石术中的应用研究

目的探讨3D腹腔镜联合硬镜行微创保胆取石术治疗胆囊结石的临床效果。方法选择66例胆囊结石患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,各33例。观察组患者行3D腹腔镜联合硬镜微创保胆取石术治疗,对照组患者行2D腹腔镜联合硬镜微创保胆取石术治疗。比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果所有手术均顺利完成,无中转开腹或转变手术方式行胆囊切除术。两组结石取净率均为100%。观察组手术时间、胆囊切口缝合时间少于对照组(均P0.05)。两组术中出血量、结石取净率、术后住院时间、并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(均P0.05)。术后随访12个月,两组胆囊结石复发均为1例(3.03%)。结论与2D腹腔镜相比, 3D腹腔镜联合硬镜在微创保胆取石术中可减少胆囊切口缝合时间、手术时间,手术安全、可行、高效,具有较好的临床应用前景。     

腹腔镜联合胆道镜保胆取石术和腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗胆囊结石的疗效对比

目的 比较腹腔镜联合胆道镜保胆取石术以及腹腔镜胆囊切除术两种诊疗方案在胆囊结石治疗上的相关疗效。 方法 回顾分析芜湖市第二人民医院2014年1月-2016年1月80例胆囊结石患者临床资料,按手术方式的不同将患者分为保胆取石组(37例)和胆囊切除组(43例),对2组患者的总成功率、并发症发生率、住院总时间、术后住院时间、术中出血量、留置引流管例数、术后通气时间、术后并发症例数、术后24 h疼痛程度、术后结石复发、术后胆囊收缩功能等相关临床数据进行统计学分析。 结果 2组患者的总成功率、并发症发生率、住院总时间、术后住院时间、术中出血量差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);保胆取石组留置引流管例数明显多于胆囊切除组,而保胆取石组的术后通气时间、术后并发症例数、术后24 h疼痛程度小于胆囊切除组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。保胆取石组术后随访未发现胆囊结石复发,术后6个月、术后1年胆囊收缩功能较术前改善(P<0.05)。胆囊切除组术后随访未发现胆管结石。 结论 腹腔镜联合胆道镜保胆取石术和腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗胆囊结石效果明确,安全可行。腹腔镜联合胆道镜保胆取石术保留了有功能的胆囊,患者生活质量提高,是除腹腔镜胆囊切除术外另一有效的手术方式,对于胆囊结石患者应根据患者的胆囊和全身状况以及本人意愿综合考虑选择合适的治疗方式,从而实现胆囊结石治疗的个体化。      

轻症胆源性胰腺炎早期行保胆取石术的疗效分析

目的 研究轻症胆源性胰腺炎早期行腹腔镜联合胆道镜保胆取石术的疗效.方法 回顾分析2014年1月至2017年5月保定市第二医院胆囊结石合并轻症胆源性胰腺炎患者93例,其中行保胆取石术51例,早期保胆组32例、延期保胆组19例,腹腔镜胆囊切除组22例,保守治疗组20例.早期保胆组及胆囊切除组经保守治疗后7~10 d内分别行保胆取石术及腹腔镜胆囊切除术,延期保胆组保守治疗6周后再次入院行保胆取石术,4组临床资料作对照研究.结果 手术组均获得成功,保守治疗组胰腺炎复发率明显高于其余3组(P<005).早期保胆组、延期保胆组与胆囊切除组术后血清淀粉酶未有明显升高,术后第7天丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶比较差异无统计学意义(P>005),保胆组在手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症方面明显优于胆囊切除组(P<005),早期保胆组比延期保胆组住院时间明显缩短(P<005).结论 轻症胆源性胰腺炎可先行保守治疗,待临床症状缓解后对胆囊收缩功能良好的患者早期(7~10 d)行保胆取石术是安全可行的.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.