经导管射频消融治疗室性心律失常的疗效观察

目的 探讨经导管射频消融治疗特发性室性心动过速及频发室性期前收缩的疗效及安全性.方法 141例特发室性心动过速及频发室性期前收缩患者(男80例,女61例)采用激动顺序标测和(或)起搏标测方法行导管射频消融治疗.结果 消融成功128例,成功率为90.8%,起源于右室流出道的室性心动过速或室性期前收缩消融成功率为92.0%.20例患者行消融前后的Hoher检查,术前平均(21 824±12 769)次/24 h,术后平均(1 548±2 926)次/24 h,二者间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001).随访3～36个月,10例复发并全部再次消融成功.无并发症发生.结论 导管射频消融治疗症状严重且药物治疗无效的特发性室性心动过速或频发室性期前收缩是安全、有效、可行的方法.     

特发性室性心动过速的射频消融治疗

目的：报道５ 例特发性室性心动过速射频消融疗效。　方法：５例患者中,右室流出道特发性室速４ 例,左室特发性室速１ 例,均给予射频消融术治疗。　结果：３例右室特发性室速和１例左室特发性室速消融成功,１ 例右室特发性室速好转。４ 例成功患者随访４～２８ 个月无复发,１ 例好转患者消融后仍有室性早搏,但无室性心动过速发生。　结论：特发性室性心动过速消融成功率高,在体表心电图和影像解剖定位指导下,激动标测与起搏标测的结合是寻找消融靶点的有效方法。     

三维电解剖标测与常规标测指导射频消融治疗特发性右室流出道室早的比较

目的 比较CARTO(三维电解剖标测)与常规电生理标测指导下对特发性右室流出道室性早搏(简称室早)导管射频消融的有效性和安全性.方法 122例特发性右室流出道室早患者,其中常规电生理标测消融89例,CARTO指导消融33例,比较两组靶点标测时间、消融时间、X线曝光时间、手术总时间,随访观察疗效及并发症.结果 两组即刻成功率分别为91.0%(81/89),93.9%(31/33),术中无并发症发生.随访(32±12)个月,常规标测组复发7例(7.9%),CARTO标测组无复发.与常规电生理标测比较,CARTO标测组靶点标测时间、X线曝光时间、手术总时间均明显缩短.结论 导管射频消融治疗症状严重且药物治疗无效的特发性右室流出道室性心动过速或频发室性期前收缩是安全、有效、可行的方法.CARTO指导射频消融相对常规消融方法手术成功率有明显提高,能显著减少X线曝光时间,但花费较高.     

两种不同的特发性室性心动过速射频消融治疗的比较

目的 评价射频消融治疗右室流出道和左室特发性室性心动过速(室速)的有效性和安全性.方法 对2001年1月～2007年5月诊断为右心室流出道室速的37例和左室特发性室速26例患者进行射频消融治疗,观察其疗效、安全性和随访复发的情况.结果 37例右心室流出道室速经射频消融治疗成功33例,成功率为89.19%,复发2例,无严重的并发症.左室特发性室速26例患者经射频消融治疗手术,成功消融24例,成功率92.31%,1例复发.二者手术成功率、复发率及严重并发症无差别.结论 射频消融治疗右心室流出道室速和左室特发性室速同样安全有效.     

特发性室性心律失常的心电图定位及射频消融治疗

室性心律失常是心脏结构正常者心脏性猝死的重要死因,特发性室性心律失常频繁发作可致生活质量严重下降,长时间发作如无休止室速可导致心动过速性心肌病,通过射频消融治疗特发性室性心律失常,具有很高的成功率并可获根治,体表心电图在室速/早定位初步确定室性早搏的起源部位和性质,为指导射频消融治疗起到关键作用。室性早搏常见的部位有右室流出道、肺动脉、三尖瓣、主动脉根部、左室流出道、二尖瓣、传导分支、心外膜及其他部位,并结合起搏标测和/或激动标测可进一步精确定位,通过射频消融治疗可以起到改善症状、提高生活质量、避免药物副作用和预防猝死的作用。     

射频消融治疗特发性室速的疗效

目的观察特发性室速射频消融治疗的疗效. 方法11例特发性室速患者,分别采用起搏标测和心室激动顺序标测,进行射频消融治疗. 结果特发性右室流出道室速5例,均用起搏标测消融成功.特发性左室室速6例,4例用激动顺序标测法消融成功,1例采用起搏标测法消融成功,1例消融未成功.在12 ～36个月的随访过程中,曾有1例复发2次,经再次消融成功后随访18个月未再复发. 结论射频消融术是特发性室速的有效治疗方法,近期、远期疗效满意.     

射频消融治疗特发性室性心动过速

目的：对27例特发性室性心动过速行消融治疗，探讨室性心动过速的心电图特点。消融方法及消融结果。方法：男性24例，女性3例。年龄11-58岁。所有患者均经药物治疗无效。在停服抗心律失常药物至少5个半衰期后，消融能量为15-40W，即刻消融成功标准为放电后10s内室性心动过速消失，消融后以消融前的条件反复诱发并同时静滴异丙肾上腺素室性心动过速不能诱发，随访成功标准为无室性心动过速发作。结果：27例患者起源右室流出道11例。右室游离壁2例，右室心尖部1例，左室后间隔区12例。右室流出道并左室后间隔区双部位室性心动过速1例。即刻消融成功26例。成功率96.3%。随访3月-4a。复发3例。分别于术后半月，2月及5月复发。再次消融成功且无并发症。结论：射频消融治疗特发性室性心动过速成功率高。并发症少，可以作为特发性室性心动过速的首选治疗方法。特发性室性心动过速射频消融中出现快速心室反应可以作为有效消融指标。     

特发性室性心动过速非药物治疗方法的临床研究

目的：通过对13例特发性室性心动过速(IVT)的射频消融病例的疗效观察,探索射频消融术(RFCA)作为非药物性治疗方法治疗IVT的可行性、安全性和有效性。方法：13例IVT患者中男性9例,女性4例,术前停用任何抗心律失常药5个半衰期以上。采用心内激动顺序标测及起搏标测两种方法相结合来确定消融靶点。射频消融均采用温度控制方式进行,温度上限为60℃,功率上限为50W。成功标准为消融过程中心动过速终止且不能再诱发。结果：13例患者中12例诱发出心动过速者均消融成功,总成功率为92．3％。其中5例右室特发性室速中4例消融靶点位于流出道间隔部,1例位于流出道游离侧;7例左室特发性室速中5例消融靶点于左心室间隔中下部,1例左心室流出道,1例近心尖部未能稳定诱发心动过速,术后不能诱发,但随访二月时再发室性心动过速,再次行消融取得成功。成功病例中术后未使用任何抗心律失常药,随访半年未见再发室性心动过速。另外1例电生理检查未诱发出心动过速者经采用起搏标测,仅10导联相吻合试行消融,术后一个月再发室性心动过速。所有病例术中未出现心包填塞、房室传导阻滞等手术相关性严重并发症。结论：射频消融术治疗IVT成功率高、安全性高,可以作为IVT非药物治疗的首选治疗手段。     

射频消融治疗特发性室速的疗效

目的：观察特发性室速射频消融治疗的疗效。方法：11例特发性室速患者，分别采用起搏标测和心室激动顺序标测，进行射频消融治疗。结果：特发性右室流出道室速5例，均用起搏标测消融成功。特发性左室室速6例，4例用激动顺序标测法消融成功，1例采用起搏标测法消融成功，1例消融未成功。在12－36个月的随访过程中，曾有1例复发2次，经再次消融成功后随访18个月未再复发。结论：射频消融术是特发性室速的有效治疗方法，近期、远期疗效满意。     

导管射频消融治疗36例右室室性心律失常临床分析

目的 探讨经导管射频消融(RFCA)治疗右室室性心律失常疗效.方法 36例右室室性性心律失常中男性16例,女性20例,年龄(43.21±13.31)岁.5例为致心律失常性右室心肌病(ARVC),31例为特发性右室流出道室性心律失常.31例特发性右室流出道室性心律失常采用传统的起搏与激动标测.5例ARVC在非接触标测系统EnSite3000指导下进行消融治疗.结果 35例消融成功,1例失败,成功率97%.1例复发.右室流出道(RVOT)起源的(VT)和室性早搏(PVC)具有典型的心电图特征,表现为典型的左束支传导阻滞型伴电轴右偏.RVOT的起源点不同,其12导联心电图特征不同,I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和avF导联呈RR'型.v1～v3具有深S波是游离壁起源的特征.ARVC表现为典型的左柬支传导阻滞型伴电轴右偏,窦性心律时v1～v3T波浅倒置,心脏核磁或心脏超声心动图见有室心肌运动减弱.1例ARVC病例在消融过程中出现室颤,经电除颤后继续消融成功.结论 RFCA是一种安全、有效的治疗方法.EnSite3000非接触标测系统定位快速准确,适用于ARVC等血流动力学不稳定的心律失常和多起源的复杂室性心律失常的标测.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.