吸烟对氧自由基和纤溶系统的影响

动态观察２０名健康男性急性吸烟前后超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ），丙二醛（ＭＤＡ），组织型纤溶酶原激活剂（ｔ－ＰＡ）和纤溶酶原激活剂抑制物（ＰＡＩ－１）活性的改变。结果表明：受试者急性吸烟后ＳＯＤ增加（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＭＤＡ减少（Ｐ＜０．０５）；纤溶系统有短暂激活。吸烟者ｔ－ＰＡ的释放较不吸烟者减少（Ｐ＜０．０５）；ｔ－ＰＡ的释放与ＳＯＤ呈正相关，与ＭＤＡ呈负相关。     

健康人脂蛋白(a)与纤溶活性的相关性

测定１３３名健康人血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活物（ｔＰＡ）及其抑制物（ＰＡＩ－１）活性和脂蛋白［Ｌｐ（ａ）］浓度，并分析其相关性。结果显示：Ｌｐ（ａ）≥０．３ｇ·Ｌ－１组的ＰＡＩ－１活性高于Ｌｐ（ａ）＜０．３ｇ·Ｌ－１组（Ｐ＜０．０５），而两组ｔＰＡ活性差异无显著性；Ｌｐ（ａ）与ＰＡＩ－１呈正相关（ｒ＝０．２７，Ｐ＜０．０１），与年龄、性别、体重指数、血脂各成分及ｔＰＡ活性无相关性     

脑梗死患者血浆PAP水平与单核细胞组织因子、t-PA和PAI活性的测定及其意义

目的观察脑梗死（ＣＩ）患者血浆纤溶酶－α２－抗纤溶酶复合物（ＰＡＰ）、凝血酶－抗凝血酶Ⅲ复合物（ＴＡＴ）测定和外周血单核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）组织因子（ＴＦ）及ｔ－ＰＡ：ａ和ＰＡＩ：ａ的变化及其意义。方法分别应用ＥＬＩＳＡ法、凝血酶和反应法发色底物法测定５０例脑梗死患者、２０例健康对照及２０例非血栓疾病病例对照的血浆ＰＡＰ、ＴＡＴ、Ｆｇｎ含量、ＰＢＭＣＰＣＡ、ＰＢＭＣＴＰＡ和ＰＡＩ活性。结果①脑梗死患者血浆ＰＡＰ、ＴＡＴ及Ｆｇｎ水平明显增高,与病例对照组及正常对照组比较均有显著差异;②脑梗死患者ＰＢＭＣＴＦ活性明显高于健康对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）及病例对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＰＢＭＣｔ－ＰＡ活性表达明显低于健康对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）及病例对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＰＢＭＣＰＡＩ活性明显高于健康对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）及病例对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论血浆ＴＡＴ及ＰＡＰ水平检测可较好的评价脑梗死患者凝血及纤溶系统激活状态。脑梗死患者在细胞水平已处于高凝状态。并在细胞水平存在凝血与纤溶系统失衡。     

冠心病、高血压病人血浆氧自由基、一氧化氮及纤溶活性的变化

目的探讨冠心病、高血压病人血浆氧自由基、一氧化氮（ＮＯ）及纤溶活性的变化及相互关系。方法观察了３０例正常人及１８５例冠心病、高血压病人血浆丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、组织型血纤维蛋白溶酶原激活剂（ｔ-ＰＡ）。ｔ－ＰＡ抑制物（ＰＡＩ）及一氧化氮的变化。结果稳定性心绞痛组、不稳定心绞痛组、陈旧性心肌梗塞组、Ⅰ、Ⅱ期高血压病组、Ⅲ期高血压病组、冠心病并高血压病组病人,其血浆ＭＤＡ、ＰＡ均明显高于正常组（Ｐ＜０川）,而ＳＯＤ、ｔ－ＰＡ、ＮＯ则明显低于正常组（ｐ＜０．０１）。结论冠心病、高血压病人血浆中氧自由基增多,并可能引起血管内皮细胞损伤,ＮＯ合成释放减少,纤溶活性下降。     

蚯蚓纤溶酶对犬纤溶酶活性和血小板聚集功能的影响

目的研究口服蚯蚓纤溶酶（ＥＦＥ）对纤溶系统和血小板聚集功能的影响。方法正常雄性Ｂｅａｇｌｅ犬，体重６．５～９ｋｇ，经口给蚯蚓纤溶酶，经前肢静脉取血。以Ｓ－２２５１为发色底物，测定血浆纤溶酶活性；５０μｍｏｌ／ＬＡＤＰ为诱导剂测定血小板聚集率。结果（１）单剂量ＥＦＥ４０、８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ后血浆纤溶酶活性升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ组高于４０ｍｇ／ｋｇ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。连续给药１０ｄ，４０、８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ组均有多个时间点纤溶酶活性升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），但两组间无差异。（２）单剂量ＥＦＥ４０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，或经口给阿司匹林８ｍｇ／ｋｇ后３ｈ，血小板聚集均被抑制（Ｐ＜０．０５）；而在单剂量ＥＦＥ８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ或经口给淀粉后３ｈ，血小板聚集功能均无变化。结论ＥＦＥ经口给药可提高血浆纤溶酶活性，并在一定剂量下可抑制血小板的聚集。     

重型流行性出血热22例血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活物及抑制物活性变化的临床

本文报道２２例重型流行性出血热（ＥＨＦ）血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活物（ｔ－ＰＡ），其抑制物（ＰＡＬ）活性、血浆纤溶酶（ＰＬ）活性在病程中的活动变化。结果ＥＨＦ患者在发热期、少尿期七一ＰＡ与ＰＬ活性显著上升（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＰＡＬ活性低于正常，ｔ－ＰＡ／ＰＡＬ比值显著升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）多尿期与恢复期ｔ－ＰＡ与ＰＡＬ的活性有所下降，ＰＡＬ活性增强，ｔ－ＰＡ活性增强，ＰＡＬ活性下降，纤溶系统功能亢进有关。     

高血压病患者胰岛素抵抗与血浆纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1的关系

目的：研究高血压病（ｅｓｅｎｔｉａｌｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ,ＥＨ）病人胰岛素抵抗（ｉｎｓｕｌｉｎｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅ,ＩＳＲ）与纤溶酶原激活物抑制物１（ＰＡＩ１）的关系。方法：ＥＨ病人５９例,正常对照４６例。测定血浆ＰＡＩ１、ｔＰＡ（组织型纤溶酶原激活物）、空腹血糖（ＧＬＵ）、胰岛素（ＩＮＳ）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＬＤＬＣ）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬＣ）、甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、胰岛素敏感指数（ＩＳＩ）、血尿酸（ＵＡ）、体重指数（ＢＭＩ）、腹围／臀围比（ＷＨＲ）等指标。结果：ＥＨ病人ＩＳＩ（用空腹血糖与胰岛素乘积的倒数表示）较正常对照组下降（－５．４±０．５ｖｓ－３９±０．８,Ｐ＜０．０１）。血浆ＰＡＩ１较对照组升高［（２９±８）ｍｇ·Ｌ－１ｖｓ（２４±５）ｍｇ·Ｌ－１,Ｐ＜０．０１］。在高血压组中单相关分析表明ＰＡＩ１与ＷＨＲ（ｒ＝０．３６９,Ｐ＜０．０１）、ＧＬＵ（ｒ＝０．５６３,Ｐ＜０．００１）正相关,与ＩＳＩ（ｒ＝－０．３０１,Ｐ＜０．０５）,ＨＤＬＣ（ｒ＝－０．４１７,Ｐ＜０．０１）、ｔＰＡ（ｒ＝－０．４９９,Ｐ＜０．００１）负相关。以ＢＭＩ、ＷＨＲ、ＩＳＩ、ＨＤＬＣ、ＬＤＬ     

老年高血压病患者血浆纤溶活性与胰岛素敏感性分析

采用发色底物法及放免法检测了３０例老年期高血压病（ＥＨ）患者和３０例健康老年人血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活物（ｔ－ＰＡ）、纤溶酶原激活物抑制因子（ＰＡＩ）。空腹血浆胰岛素（Ｉｎ）、血糖（Ｇ）水平，分析了纤溶活性与胰岛素敏感性（ＩＳ）的相关性。结果发现：ＥＨ患者血浆ＰＡＩ活性明显高于对照组，血浆ｔ－ＰＡ活性及ＩＳ明显低于对照组；ＩＳ与ＰＡＩ显著负相关，与ｔ－ＰＡ显著正相关。提示：纤溶活性异常与胰岛素抵抗共同在高血压的发生发展中起重要作用。     

填精化瘀汤对AS鹌鹑纤溶活性及血液流变学的影响

填精化瘀汤可显著降低实验性ＡＳ鹌鹑全血及血浆粘稠度，能提高血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活物（ｔ—ＰＡ）活性，升高ｔ—ＰＡ与纤溶酶原激活物抑制物（ＰＡＩ—１）的比值，有助于恢复纤溶系统功能。     

脑血管病患者急性期血浆t-PA、PAI活性的研究

目的进一步研究脑血管病患者纤溶系统的功能。方法采用发色底物显色法检测，对急性脑梗塞５０例、急性脑出血３０例与正常组４０例的组织型纤溶酶原激活物（ｔ－ＰＡ）及其抑制物（ＰＡＩ）活性进行对照观察。结果脑梗塞急性期较正常对照组ｔ－ＰＡ活性明显降低（ｔ＝２４．１１，Ｐ＜０．００１），ＰＡＩ活性明显升高（ｔ＝２６．１１，Ｐ＜０．００１），脑出血急性期ｔ－ＰＡ活性显著高于正常对照组（ｔ＝１８．５６，Ｐ＜０．００１），而ＰＡＩ活性显著低于正常对照（ｔ＝２２．５２，Ｐ＜０．０１）。对急性脑梗塞病人治疗前后两项指标比较有显著差异（ｔ＝１５．７７，ｔ′＝１７．０７Ｐ均＜０．０１）。结论急性期脑梗塞及脑出血存在ｔ－ＰＡ、ＰＡＩ平衡障碍，但及时有效的治疗可以使两者平衡障碍得以改善。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.