颈交感神经阻滞对严重烧伤小鼠的保护作用及其机制

目的 探讨颈交感神经阻滞(SB)对严重烧伤小鼠的保护作用并探讨其机制.方法 采用小鼠TBSAⅢ度烧伤模型,并于烧伤后连续5d行小鼠双侧颈交感神经阻滞,观察烧伤后3周颈交感神经阻滞组(SB组)和单纯烧伤组小鼠死亡率以及伤后早期肝组织糖皮质激素受体(GR)表达变化.结果 SB组小鼠严重烧伤后小鼠死亡率明显低于单纯烧伤组,SB组小鼠烧伤后早期GR下调不明显.结论 颈交感神经阻滞可以明显减轻严重烧伤的损害效应,其机制可能是通过促进GR功能来实现的.     

血红素氧合酶-1在大鼠急性烧伤后心肌中的变化

目的 研究重度烧伤组和热预处理组大鼠心肌损害及心肌血红素氧合酶-1(HO-1)变化规律.方法 将66只Wistar大鼠按随机数字表法分为3组:对照组、烧伤组和预处理组,每组22只.烧伤组造成30%体表面积Ⅲ度重度烧伤(ⅢTBSA),预处理组大鼠先经肛温42 ℃热预处理30 min,室温24 h后再予烧伤,烧伤后1、3、6、12、24 h处死大鼠,检测心肌酶、心电图、心肌普通病理以及心肌组织内HO-1 mRNA和蛋白水平的变化等情况.结果 对照组大鼠心电图正常,烧伤组烧伤后6、12 hⅡ导联心电图ST段抬高最明显;预处理组烧伤后12hⅡ导联心电图ST段抬高最明显.病理结果显示:烧伤组烧伤后6、12 h心肌细胞结构明显破坏;预处理组烧伤后12 h心肌细胞结构破坏.正常大鼠心肌组织HO-1 mRNA和蛋白水平均较低,与对照组比较,烧伤后HO-1水平明显升高,mRNA 在6、12 h达到高峰,6、12 h的mRNA水平分别是对照组(3.21±0.67)、(2.24±0.52)倍,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),HO-1蛋白则在12 h左右达高峰,为对照组的(9.6±1.8)倍(P<0.01).预处理组HO-1 mRNA 6、12 h水平分别是对照组(5.68±0.76)、(3.54±0.55)倍,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HO-1蛋白水平12 h为对照组(13.3±2.5)倍,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 重度烧伤可造成明显心肌损伤,热预处理可减轻心肌损伤,热预处理减轻重度烧伤后心肌损伤可能与HO-1有关.     

厄贝沙坦对心力衰竭大鼠交感神经系统的影响

目的观察充血性心力衰竭(CHF)大鼠交感神经系统(SNS)的变化,探讨厄贝沙坦(Irbesartan)对MI后CHF大鼠SNS的影响及相应的心肌保护机制。方法选用雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠,体重在250g左右。结扎大鼠冠状动脉前降支(假手术组只穿线不结扎)制备心肌梗死(MI)后心力衰竭模型。实验大鼠分3组:假手术组(n=8);心衰对照组(n=8);厄贝沙坦治疗组(n=8)。术后24h内开始给药,治疗组给予厄贝沙坦50mg/(kg·d)灌胃,疗程6周。术后6周记录左心室短轴缩短率(FS)、射血分数(EF);测定血浆B型利钠肽(BNP)、肾上腺素(E)、去甲肾上腺素(NE);测定心肌组织BNP、β1受体密度。结果心衰组大鼠的FS、EF值均明显低于厄贝沙坦组、假手术组分别为[(13.34±3.61)%、(40.2±6.72)%和(47.6±9.87)%;(26.9±7.73)%、(49.7±8.79)%和(76.7±11.5)%,P<0.01]。心衰组大鼠血浆及心肌组织BNP含量均明显高于假手术组[血浆BNP分别为(47.76±9.50)pg/mL、(13.5±21.9)pg/mL;心肌BNP分别为(40...     

颈交感神经阻滞对烧伤早期小鼠肝脏干扰素诱导蛋白IFIT1表达的影响

目的检测干扰素诱导蛋白IFIT1(interferon-induced protein with tetratricopetide repeats1)在小鼠各器官组织的表达状况,并在此基础上探讨颈交感神经阻滞(SB)对烧伤后早期小鼠肝脏IFIT1表达的影响。方法雄性C57/129小鼠50只,分为对照组和SB治疗组,TBSA15%～20%Ⅲ度小鼠烧伤模型,分别于烧伤前、烧伤后1、6、12h和24h取肝组织,采用免疫印迹法(Western blot)观察IFIT1的蛋白表达情况,同时提取正常小鼠心、肝、脾、肺、肾、小肠、淋巴细胞和骨骼肌组织RNA,以RT-PCR检测IFIT1表达情况。结果RT-PCR结果显示IFIT1在正常小鼠各组织均有表达,但组织间的表达量存在差异。Western blot结果表明对照组烧伤后肝组织IFIT1表达显著增高(P<0.01),烧伤后SB治疗组IFIT1表达量较对照组相应时相点降低非常显著(P<0.01)。结论IFIT1在小鼠体内广泛表达。SB对严重创伤的治疗作用可能是通过抑制肝内IFIT1表达来实现的。     

胃舒散对五氯硝基苯致肝损伤的保护作用

[目的] 观察胃舒散对五氯硝基苯(PCNB)所致肝损伤的保护作用.[方法] SD大鼠随机分为4组,即正常组,模型组,胃舒散高、低剂量组(剂量分别为2.50、1.25 g·kg-1·d-1);除正常组外,其他组均在给药后1 h灌胃PCNB(剂量为400 mg·kg-1·d-1),连续15 d.检测各组肝脏指数,血清谷草转氨酶(GOT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)水平和肝组织丙二醛(MDA)含量,并行肝组织病理学检查.[结果] 与正常组比较,模型组肝脏指数,血清GOT、ALP水平,肝组织MDA含量均显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),肝组织坏死灶数显著增加(P<0.01);胃舒散高、低剂量组可显著降低肝脏指数,血清GOT、ALP水平和肝组织MDA含量,减少肝组织坏死灶数(与模型组比较,P<0.05或P<0.01),减轻肝组织病理损伤.[结论] 胃舒散对PCNB所致肝损伤具有一定的保护作用.     

高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠下丘脑及肝脏组织中Toll样受体4的表达

目的 探讨在高脂饮食诱导下Toll样受体4(Toll-like receptor4,TLR4)在肥胖大鼠下丘脑及肝脏组织中的表达.方法 建立高脂饮食诱导的肥胖(DIO)大鼠模型,应用免疫组化染色和Real Time PCR方法检测下丘脑及肝脏组织中TLR4的蛋白及mRNA的表达.结果 喂养8周后,DIO组平均体重为(456.38±19.20)g,高于正常饮食对照组平均体重(372.10±22.47)g,两组间比较差异有显著性意义(P＜0.01);DIO组饮食量为(1229.23±57.29)g,高于正常饮食对照组饮食量(905.50±52.17)g,两组大鼠饮食量比较差异有显著性意义(P＜0.01).Real Time PCR方法显示,DIO组大鼠下丘脑组织TLR4 mRNA含量(0.56±0.16),高于正常饮食对照组TLR4 mRNA (0.39±0.10),P＜0.05; DIO组大鼠肝脏组织TLR4 mRNA含量(0.87±0.24),高于正常饮食对照组TLR4 mRNA(0.54±0.16),两组间差异也有显著性意义(P＜0.01).免疫组化染色肥胖组大鼠下丘脑及肝脏TLR4表达呈强阳性.结论 Toll样受体4在肥胖大鼠下丘脑及肝脏中的表达增多,提示下丘脑及肝脏的炎症反应参与了高脂饮食诱导肥胖的发生.     

HSP60和HSP70在严重烧伤大鼠胃黏膜的表达及对胃黏膜的保护作用

目的观察严重烧伤大鼠胃黏膜热休克蛋白60和70(HSP60、HSP70)的表达变化及热休克预处理(HS)对严重烧伤大鼠胃黏膜的影响,探讨热休克预处理诱导HSP60、HSP70过量表达后对严重烧伤大鼠胃黏膜的保护作用。方法将Wistar大鼠随机分为2大组:①烧伤组(B组)40只大鼠烧伤后即制作急性胃黏膜损伤模型;另取8只大鼠不烧伤,作为正常对照组(伤前);②HS+烧伤组(HB组)40只大鼠于烧伤前20 h行HS,另取8只大鼠只行HS不烧伤,作为实验对照组(伤前)。各组于伤后3、6、12、24、48 h处死大鼠(B组、HB组每时相点8只大鼠),留取标本检测胃黏膜损伤指数(UI)、HSP60、HSP70的变化,并进行相关分析。结果大鼠严重烧伤后胃黏膜HSP60、HSP70表达迅速升高,随后开始下降,伤后24 h降至最低,此时胃黏膜损伤程度最严重(UI=12.74±1.92)。HB组大鼠较B组大鼠HSP60、HSP70表达均显著增强,胃黏膜损伤程度则明显减轻(P<0.05或P<0.01)。UI与HSP70呈显著负相关(r=-0.794,P<0.05),UI与HSP60无相关性(r=-0.625,P>0.05)。结论热...     

颈交感神经阻滞对烧伤后大鼠下丘脑神经元放电形式及凋亡的影响

目的 探讨颈交感神经阻滞(cervical sympathetic block,SB)对烧伤大鼠下丘脑神经元放电形式及凋亡的影响.方法 成年健康雄性Wistar大鼠40只,随机分为对照组、对照+SB、烧伤组和烧伤+SB组,每组10只.TBSA15％ ～ 20％Ⅲ度大鼠烧伤模型.20只大鼠(每组取5只)于烧伤后4h观察下丘脑神经元放电,其余20只于4d后采用RT-PCR方法检测大鼠下丘脑神经元Caspase-3和CaspaSe-9的表达变化.结果 在放电频率、放电间隔、众数和不对称指数的比较,对照组和对照+SB组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；烧伤组和烧伤+SB组放电频率显著高于对照组和对照+SB组(P＜0.01),而烧伤组又显著高于烧伤+SB组(P＜0.01)；烧伤组和烧伤+SB组放电间隔和众数显著高于对照组和对照+SB组(P＜0.01),而烧伤+SB组又显著高于烧伤组(P＜0.01)；烧伤组和烧伤+SB组不对称指数显著高于对照组和对照+SB组(P＜0.01),而烧伤+SB组和烧伤组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).对照组和对照+SB组的Caspase-3和Caspase-9比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；烧伤组和烧伤+SB组的Caspase-3和Caspase-9.显著高于对照组和对照+SB组(P＜0.01),而烧伤+SB组显著低于烧伤组(P＜0.01).结论 SB对烧伤的治疗作用中枢机制之一可能是通过抑制下丘脑神经元放电活动和凋亡来实现的.     

大蒜素对大鼠缺血再灌注肝脏损伤的保护作用

目的观察大蒜素对大鼠缺血再灌注肝脏损伤的保护作用。方法雄性SD大鼠,随机分为假手术组、缺血再灌注组(I/R组)和I/R加大蒜素处理组。肝脏缺血再灌注后,分别观察血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量的变化,同时分析肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性。结果肝脏缺血再灌注后,与假手术组比较,血清中ALT、AST、LDH及肝组织中MDA含量均显著增加,而SOD活性显著的降低(P<0.01);经大蒜素处理后,与缺血再灌注组相比较,血清中ALT、AST、LDH及肝组织中MDA含量均降低,而SOD活性增高(P<0.05)。结论大蒜素对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤有一定的保护作用。     

红景天甙对肝纤维化大鼠Samds基因表达的影响

目的: 观察红景天甙对肝纤维化大鼠TGFβ-Smad通路的影响.方法: CCl4诱导大鼠肝纤维化,以红景天甙水溶液干预性治疗,Masson染色观察肝组织胶原沉积;ELISA法检测大鼠血清TGFβ1水平;原位杂交(in situ hybridization,ISH)和免疫组化(immunohistochemistry,IH)检测大鼠肝组织Smads表达情况.结果: 红景天甙干预性治疗使肝纤维化大鼠血清TGFβ1水平明显下降[(53.4±19.5) vs (88.7±22.8) mg/L, P<0.05],肝脏胶原占肝组织面积比例减少为(0.041±0.011)[模型组(0.167±0.052),P<0.05];治疗组肝脏Smad 4蛋白表达阳性率降低为(0.023±0.008)[模型组(0.137±0.090),P<0.01],Smad 4 mRNA阳性率降低为(0.233±0.018)[模型组(0.741±0.091),P<0.01];Smad 7蛋白阳性率增加为(0.067±0.010)[模型组(0.019±0.002),P<0.05],Smad 7 mRNA阳性率增加为(0.198±0.011)[模型组(0.074±0.012),P<0.01];肝组织Smads蛋白表达与Smads mRNA水平变化一致.结论: 红景天甙防治可显著降低肝纤维化大鼠血清TGFβ1水平,减少肝脏胶原沉积,抑制肝脏Smad 4表达及促进Smad 7 mRNA表达,从而减弱了由TGFβ1介导的肝纤维化信号,可能是其发挥抗肝纤维化作用的分子机制之一.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.