双微导管技术结合3D-DSA治疗颅内临界宽颈动脉瘤

目的探讨颅内临界宽颈动脉瘤的血管内治疗方法及其疗效。方法回顾性分析2008年7月至2010年3月应用双微导管辅助技术结合3D-DSA的多次应用治疗12例复杂难治性颅内临界宽颈动脉瘤患者的临床资料。结果 12例动脉瘤均成功栓塞,术后即刻造影示100%栓塞7例,>90%栓塞5例,载瘤动脉均通畅,无缺血并发症发生。11例病人恢复良好,1例死于急性肾功能衰竭。结论双微导管技术结合术中3D-DSA应用可有效治疗颅内复杂的临界宽颈动脉瘤。     

支架辅助、双微导管技术结合弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤56例临床分析

目的 探讨支架辅助、双微导管技术结合弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的疗效并总结临床经验.方法 广州军区武汉总医院神经外科自2010年6月至2010年12月使用LEO支架辅助、双微导管技术结合弹簧圈栓塞治疗56例颅内宽颈动脉瘤患者,其中支架辅助43例,双微导管技术辅助13例,回顾性分析患者的临床资料和疗效.结果 本组56例患者术后恢复良好43例(76.8％),遗留轻度神经功能障碍5例(8.9％),中度神经功能障碍6例(10.7％),死亡2例(3.6％);64个动脉瘤中61个行血管内治疗,其中致密栓塞51个(86.3％),90％栓塞8个(13.1％),部分栓塞2个(3.3％),3个动脉瘤未治疗.结论 应用支架辅助、双微导管技术结合弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤,可以提高单纯弹簧圈栓塞的致密率、栓塞率,且创伤小、安全可靠、疗效良好.     

应用多种辅助技术栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤

目的探讨多种辅助技术栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的临床疗效。方法应用多种辅助技术(球囊重塑形、支架辅助、导丝辅助、双微导管技术)栓塞治疗23例颅内宽颈动脉瘤。结果动脉瘤完全栓塞20个,大部栓塞动脉瘤3个,5例患者于术后出现缺血性脑卒中,2例遗留肢体活动障碍或感觉障碍,死亡1例。18例患者获随访3～32个月,均无再出血。结论球囊重塑形、支架辅助、导丝辅助、双微导管技术是治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的有效方法。     

双微导管技术栓塞颅内动脉瘤(附58例报告)

目的 评估采用双微导管技术在“中等”颈宽颅内动脉瘤栓塞中的初步经验.方法 回顾分析58例颅内动脉瘤,瘤颈/瘤体为0.5 ～1.0,采用单侧股动脉穿刺入路,应用1个四相Y形阀通过指引导管把2支微导管置入动脉瘤腔内,根据瘤体形态,两管头端的深浅和位置进行合适的调整,通过微导管先后、同时或交替地将弹簧圈填塞入动脉瘤,始终有一弹簧圈起稳定作用暂不解脱,待致密填塞动脉瘤后,解脱全部弹簧圈.结果 58例应用双微导管技术治疗的病例,即时50例致密栓塞,8例大部分(＞95％)栓塞.临床随访,缺血并发症2例,其中死亡1例.结论 双微导管技术对于某些“中等”宽颈动脉瘤是一种可供选择的、相对安全的方法.     

双微导管技术栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤

目的 总结双微导管技术栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的经验。方法 回顾性分析2010年1月至2013年6月采用双微导管技术栓塞治疗的65例颅内动脉瘤患者的临床资料,选择对象为瘤颈/瘤体比为1/3至1/1。结果 术后即刻血管造影显示,动脉瘤致密栓塞59例,大部分栓塞6例。所有病例栓塞过程中没有发生弹簧圈游离出动脉瘤的现象。39例出院后随访6个月,36例行CTA检查,3例行DSA检查,均没有发现动脉瘤复发。结论 双微导管技术栓塞颅内动脉瘤是一种非常实用且较安全的技术。     

宽颈动脉瘤血管内辅助栓塞技术的介入治疗

目的探讨各种辅助栓塞技术在颅内宽颈动脉瘤介入治疗中的应用。方法运用各种辅助栓塞技术包括微导丝微导管辅助技术,双微导管技术,球囊再塑形技术及血管内支架载瘤动脉成形术,栓塞颅内宽颈动脉瘤73例,共89个动脉瘤,其中9个为非宽颈动脉瘤。结果完全栓塞或大部栓塞73个,瘤颈残留5个,动脉瘤及载瘤动脉闭塞2个,死亡3例。45例获得临床随访,1例右侧后交通动脉瘤栓塞术后1年余再次出血,因瘤颈复发行栓塞治疗后愈合可,其余病人未见复发。结论颅内宽颈动脉瘤处理困难,选择合适血管内辅助栓塞技术,有助于提高宽颈动脉瘤的治愈率。     

血管内栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤

目的：探讨血管内不同栓塞方法治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的临床疗效。方法选择颅内宽颈动脉瘤患者50例,根据颅内宽颈动脉瘤的不同类型采用不同的栓塞方法,观察各种方法的临床疗效。结果不同栓塞技术的致密栓塞率情况：3D-GDC为75.0％,双微导管技术为85.7％,球囊辅助技术87.5％,血管内支架辅助技术85.7％。所有患者随访1 a ,其中20例CTA 复查,30例DSA 复查,均未发生动脉瘤复发及再出血。结论根据动脉瘤的形态、位置、大小及血流动力学特点,采用双微管技术、球囊或支架辅助技术可提高颅内宽颈动脉瘤治疗效果。     

血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤45例临床分析

目的 探讨血管内治疗颅内动脉瘤的手术技巧及并发症的防治与预后.方法 采用血管内栓塞治疗45例(47个动脉瘤),其中后交通动脉瘤29个,前交通动脉瘤12个,大脑中动脉瘤 5个,大脑后动脉瘤 1个.采用电解可脱性弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤34例,球囊辅助瘤颈重塑型技术栓塞治疗8例,支架辅助瘤颈重塑型技术栓塞治疗5例,双微导管技术...     

双微导管技术血管内治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤

目的总结双微导管技术血管内治疗宽颈动脉瘤的经验。方法采用单侧股动脉穿刺双微导管技术治疗39例瘤颈/瘤体比为0.5~1的颅内宽颈动脉瘤。结果 39例动脉瘤均获得致密栓塞,即时DSA复查示动脉瘤均无显影。术后血管痉挛致脑缺血3例,经治疗后改善。34例术后随访6~12个月,均复查CT血管造影示32例无显影,2例部分复发,无出血等发生。结论双微导管技术对瘤体瘤颈比为0.5~1的颅内宽颈动脉瘤是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤

目的 探讨支架辅助栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的临床应用价值.方法 回顾性分析23例颅内宽颈动脉瘤病人临床资料,对支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞宽颈动脉瘤的临床效果进行评价.结果 动脉瘤致密栓塞18例,栓塞＞90％4例,行双支架植入技术l例;术后死亡1例.随访22例,时间3～36个月,均恢复良好,无临床症状加重,亦无再出血及血栓栓塞症状...     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

帕金森病运动症状进展分析

目的分析帕金森病(PD)患者运动症状进展特点。方法采用PD统一评分量表(UPDRS)Ⅲ对912例PD患者进行评估。结果与病程1年的患者比较,除病程1~2年的患者外,其他病程患者的UPDRSⅢ评分、强直分、姿势或步态异常分、轴性症状总分、言语分、步态分显著升高(均P0.05),病程5~6年及14年患者的震颤分,病程5~6年、7~8年、9~13年、14年患者的运动迟缓分、姿势分显著升高(P0.05~0.01)。轴性症状进展速度高于UPDRSⅢ评分。结论 PD患者病程早期UPDRSⅢ评分进展快,震颤症状进展独立于其他症状,轴性症状评分较UPDRSⅢ更敏感地反映疾病加重趋势。     

Frequency of accumulation of filaments in adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells of myelinated fibers of rat spinal roots

Summary The frequency of accumulation of 6-nm filaments in the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells in the 6th lumbar dorsal and ventral roots was evaluated in 4-, 8-, 26- and 45-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The frequency was higher in 4- and 8-week-old (growing) rats than in 26- and 45-week old (mature) rats, and also higher in ventral than in dorsal roots in 4-, 8- and 26-week old rats. There were no clusters on certain groups of myelinated fibers according to the size of transverse axonal area, in both the ventral and dorsal roots. Therefore, this accumulation may reflect certain functions of the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cell during natural growth and maturation of the axon and myelin sheath.     

Function of circle of Willis

Nearly 400 years ago, Thomas Willis described the arterial ring at the base of the brain (the circle of Willis, CW) and recognized it as a compensatory system in the case of arterial occlusion. This theory is still accepted. We present several arguments that via negativa should discard the compensatory theory. (1) Current theory is anthropocentric; it ignores other species and their analog structures. (2) Arterial pathologies are diseases of old age, appearing after gene propagation. (3) According to the current theory, evolution has foresight. (4) Its commonness among animals indicates that it is probably a convergent evolutionary structure. (5) It was observed that communicating arteries are too small for effective blood flow, and (6) missing or hypoplastic in the majority of the population. We infer that CW, under physiologic conditions, serves as a passive pressure dissipating system; without considerable blood flow, pressure is transferred from the high to low pressure end, the latter being another arterial component of CW. Pressure gradient exists because pulse wave and blood flow arrive into the skull through different cerebral arteries asynchronously, due to arterial tree asymmetry. Therefore, CW and its communicating arteries protect cerebral artery and blood–brain barrier from hemodynamic stress.     

Effects of prevention of afferentation of the development of the chick optic lobe

BONDY, S. C., M. E. HARRINGTON AND C. L. ANDERSON. Effects of prevention of afferentation on the developmentof the chick optic lobe. BRAIN RES. BULL. 3(5) 411–413, 1978.—The effects of unilateral extirpation of the right optic cup of the three-day incubated chick embryo upon the rate of synthesis and the stability of DNA in the non-innervated optic lobe, have been studied. This surgical procedure prevents innervation of the optic lobe contralateral to the removed eye, while the other optic lobe is normally innervated by retinal ganglion cells of the remaining eye. At the 20th day of incubation, the DNA content of the non-innervated lobe was below that of the paired lobe receiving normal innervation. This deficiency of cell number was caused by two events; death of an excess number of neurons formed early in embryogenesis and a reduced rate of glial proliferation in the later stages of incubation.     

腺垂体功能减退症临床特征变化分析

目的探讨腺垂体功能减退症患者的病因结构变化及临床表现。方法回顾性分析我院2013-01—2016-12住院及门诊78例腺垂体功能减退症患者的临床资料。结果男32例(41.03%),女46例(58.97%);诊断时年龄11~89岁,平均62.5岁;鞍区占位(包括术前及术后)52例(66.67%),席汉综合征8例(10.26%),空泡蝶鞍9例(11.65%),病因不明8例(10.26%),垂体-下丘脑发育不良1例(1.28%)。首次就诊科室:纳差厌食、恶心呕吐就诊于消化内科36例(46.15%)最常见。ACTH+TSH+Gn+G激素缺乏为19例最多,占24.36%,ACTH+TSH+Gn缺乏15例,占19.23%。结论腺垂体功能减退症病因结构发生变化,发病人群、首发症状及受累激素也不同,患者女性多于男性,发病年龄偏高,症状不典型,分布于临床多个科室,其中以低钠血症为首发临床表现就诊消化内科最多。     

Standards of instrumentation of EMG

Standardization of Electromyography (EMG) instrumentation is of particular importance to ensure high quality recordings. This consensus report on “Standards of Instrumentation of EMG” is an update and extension of the earlier IFCN Guidelines published in 1999. First, a panel of experts in different fields from different geographical distributions was invited to submit a section on their particular interest and expertise. Then, the merged document was circulated for comments and edits until a consensus emerged.The first sections in this document cover technical aspects such as instrumentation, EMG hardware and software including amplifiers and filters, digital signal analysis and instrumentation settings. Other sections cover the topics such as temporary storage, trigger and delay line, averaging, electrode types, stimulation techniques for optimal and standardised EMG examinations, and the artefacts electromyographers may face and safety rules they should follow. Finally, storage of data and databases, report generators and external communication are summarized.     

Modelling of movement of the lamprey: Control of oscillators

This article discusses the control methods of the central pattern generator (CPG). First a control model of the CPG is presented using 2 oscillators, and we suggest that phasic modulation to the CPG by means of phasic information is effective for controlling the phase difference between oscillators. Next, two models for controlling the CPG of a lamprey are proposed. One model describes a control system from the brain stem, in which the reticulospinal neurons control the CPG by receiving feedback signals and sending control signals to the neck region of the CPG. The other is a model for learning an localized control system to generate a desired motor pattern. By means of these models, a role of the efference copy is suggested.     

《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》解读

2018年,国家卫生健康委员会等10部委联合发布《关于印发全国社会心理服务体系建设试点工作方案的通知》,四川省绵阳市被列为全国第一批试点地区。绵阳市人民政府依据《中华人民共和国精神卫生法》等相关法律法规和文件精神,结合前期调查研究和社会心理服务工作的试点实际,编制出台了《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》,并于2021年12月25日起施行。本文围绕社会心理服务的相关概念、办法总则、重点内容、保障措施等方面进行解读,以期为社会心理服务工作的规范、持续和有效开展提供参考。     

利培酮对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响

目的：比较利培酮与氟哌啶醇对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响。方法：对门诊72例服用氟哌啶醇及74例服用利培酮的精神分裂症患者用生活质量综合评定问卷（GQOLI）、阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）、副反应量表（TESS）进行评定。结果：利培酮组患者治疗后生活质量有所提高,而氟哌啶醇组患者生活质量有所下降。结论：利培酮治疗有利于患者提高生活质量。