河南贲门癌高发区贲门腺癌组织化学染色分类与癌旁肠上皮化生的关系

目的:探讨河南贲门癌高发区贲门腺癌(GCA)组织化学染色分类与癌旁肠上皮化生(IM)的关系.方法:采用爱显蓝-雪夫试剂染色法(AB-PAS)和高铁二胺-爱显蓝染色法(HID-AB)检测70例GCA及癌旁IM组织,并分析GCA组织化学染色分类与癌旁IM的关系.结果:肠型GCA、胃型GCA、混合型GCA和干细胞型GCA的检出率分别为37.1%(27/70)、5.7%(4/70)、50.0%(35/70)和7.1%(5/70);含硫化和不含硫化黏蛋白的GCA检出率分别为24.3%(17/70)和75.7%(53/70).肠型GCA癌旁IM的检出率为57.7%(15/26),明显高于非肠型GCA的27.3%(12/44)(χ2=6.383,P=0.012);含硫化黏蛋白的GCA癌旁IM的检出率为64.7%(11/17),不含硫化黏蛋白GCA癌旁IM的检出率为30.2%(16/53),含硫化黏蛋白GCA癌旁IM检出率高于不含硫化黏蛋白的GCA(χ2=6.472,P=0.011);硫化黏蛋白在癌旁IM和其相应的GCA组织中无一致性表达(Kappa=0.129,P=0.484).结论:IM可能是河南贲门癌高发区肠型GCA及含硫化黏蛋白GCA的癌前病变.     

胃黏膜肠化及胃癌中三叶因子1,2表达的组织芯片技术研究

目的:三叶因子1(trefoil factor 1,TFF1)和2(TFF2)对胃肠道黏膜保护和损伤后修复具有重要作用,在胃癌中表达降低.现探讨它们在胃黏膜肠化(intestinal metaplasia,IM)及不同组织类型胃癌发生中的作用.方法:胃癌40例,癌旁组织IM 32例,慢性萎缩性胃炎(chronic atrophic gastritis,CAG)伴IM 46例,CAG和慢性浅表性胃炎(chronic superficial gastritis,CSG)各20例,构建组织芯片.分别用高铁二铵/爱先蓝(HID/AB)及HE染色对IM及胃癌进行分型,并用免疫组化检测不同胃黏膜病变中TFFl,TFF2的表达.结果:TFFl,TFF2在不同胃黏膜病变中的表达有显著性差异(P＜0.01),CSG,CAG中的表达显著高于CAG伴IM、癌旁组织IM及胃癌(P＜0.01),而CSG与CAG之间,以及CAG伴IM、癌旁组织IM及胃癌三者之间比较均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).肠型胃癌则显著低于弥漫型胃癌(P＜0.05).结论:胃黏膜IM及胃癌中TFF1,TFF2表达显著降低.     

贲门癌癌旁和无症状人群贲门黏膜活检组织肠上皮化生检测

目的:探讨贲门癌癌旁组织及无症状人群贲门黏膜活检组织肠上皮化生(IM)的分布特征.方法:采用艾显蓝-雪夫(AB-PAS)和高铁二胺-艾显兰(HID-AB)黏液组织化学染色法,对河南贲门癌高发区70例贲门癌癌旁组织和320例无症状人群贲门黏膜活检组织中的IM进行检测.结果:贲门癌癌旁组织的IM检出率38.5%(27/70),高于无症状人群贲门黏膜活检组织中的IM检出率4.4%(14/320)(x2=71.394 5,P＜0.01).贲门癌癌旁组织IM不完全型占92.6%(25/27),完全型IM占7.4%(2/27);无症状人群贲门黏膜的IM不完全型占7.1%(1/14),完全型IM占92.9%(13/14);2者比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=29.015 7,P＜0.01).贲门癌旁组织的IM大肠型占59.2%(16/27),小肠型占40.8%(11/27);无症状人群贲门黏膜的IM小肠型占92.9%(13/14),大肠型占7.1%(1/14);2者比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=10.317 3,P＜0.01).结论:IM可能是河南贲门癌高发区贲门癌癌前病变的一种重要表现形式;不完全型和大肠型IM可能是贲门癌前病变的独特组织学类型.     

胃癌前病变与幽门螺杆菌感染

目的了解胃癌前病变组织Hp感染状况.方法采用美蓝染色检测126例慢性浅表性胃炎(CSG)、88例慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)、73例肠上皮化生(IM)、32例不典型增生(Dys)胃粘膜Hp感染状况.观察胃粘膜炎症反应程度.结果Hp感染率在CAG(65.9%)、IM(63.0%)、Dys(62.5%)组显著高于CSG(42.1%)组(P＜0.05;P＜0.01,P＜0.01)轻度及中度CAG(78.9%,70.4%)显著高于重度CAG组(39.1%)(I＜0.01,P＜0.05);轻度及中度IM(80%,69.6%)显著高于重度IM组(30%)(P＜0.01).胃粘膜单个核细胞、分叶核细胞浸润程度Hp阳性组较Hp阴性组显著增多(I＜0.01).结论Hp感染引起胃粘膜炎症反应,在胃癌前病变的发生中起着重要作用.随着胃粘膜萎缩和肠化的加重.Hp难于生存,其致病性减弱.     

贲门癌癌旁和无症状人群贲门黏膜活检肠上皮化生组织中p53和PCNA的表达

目的:探讨贲门癌癌旁与无症状人群贲门黏膜活检肠上皮化生(IM)组织中p53和PCNA的表达状况.方法:采用免疫组织化学ABC法研究了70例贲门癌癌旁IM与320例无症状人群贲门黏膜活检IM组织中p53和PCNA蛋白的表达.结果:无症状人群贲门黏膜活检标本中IM检出率4.4%(14/320),低于贲门癌癌旁组织中的38.6%(24/70)(P＜0.01).癌旁IM组织中p53蛋白高表达率高于无症状人群IM(x2=8.784 0,P＜0.01),但PC-NA蛋白阳性表达率差异无统计学意义(x2=1.078 8,P＞0.05).结论:贲门癌癌旁IM可能更易发生基因改变.     

河南贲门癌高发区贲门癌的组织化学染色分类及P53和PCNA研究

目的探讨贲门腺癌(Gastriccardia adenocarcinoma,GCA)的组织化学染色分类与P53和PCNA分子学特征。方法采用爱显蓝-雪夫试剂染色法(Alcianblue-Periodicacid Schiff,AB-PAS)和高铁二胺-爱显蓝染色法(High Iron Diamine-Alcianblue,HID-AB)以及ABC免疫组织化学分析(Immunohistochemistry,IHC)法研究了70例贲门癌的组织化学及P53和PCNA蛋白表达变化特征。结果肠型GCA的P53蛋白阳性表达(+~)率(73.08%)明显高于非肠型GCA(29.55%)(P<0.01);PCNA蛋白阳性高表达(~)率(96.15%)也明显高于非肠型GCA(65.91%)(P<0.01)。含硫化粘蛋白的GCA组织中P53蛋白阳性表达(+~)率(70.59%)明显高于不含硫化粘蛋白的GCA(41.51%)(P<0.05);PCNA蛋白阳性高表达(~)率(94.12%)也明显高于不含硫化粘蛋白的GCA(71.70%)(P<0.05)。结论组织化学染色可作为判断GCA不同组织类型和分类的重要指标,并可能对了解GCA临床生物学特征(如预后)具有重要意义。     

同源盒转录因子CDX2与肝肠钙粘连蛋白CDH17在肠上皮化生及胃癌组织中的表达及意义

目的:探讨同源盒转录因子CDX2及肝肠钙粘连蛋白CDH 17在慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)、肠上皮化生(IM)及胃癌组织中的表达及相互关系。方法:选取CAG 42例、CAG伴IM 24例、癌旁IM 17例、胃癌组织50例,应用HE染色对IM及胃癌进行组织学分型,用免疫组化法观察CDX2、CDH17蛋白在上述各种胃黏膜组织中的表达,分析两种蛋白表达与胃癌临床病理学特征之间的关系。结果:CAG组CDX2蛋白表达阳性率仅为4.80%,而CAG伴IM组、癌旁IM组和胃癌组分别为87.50%、76.47%和62.00%,CAG组显著低于胃癌组(P<0.01),CAG伴IM组显著高于胃癌组(P<0.05),癌旁IM组与胃癌组比较无统计学差异。CDX2蛋白在胃癌中的表达与患者性别、年龄和有无淋巴结转移等无关联,而与胃癌临床TNM分期、分化程度、Lauren分型及是否有浆膜浸润等有关联。CAG组CDH17蛋白表达阳性率为7.10%,而CAG伴IM组、癌旁IM组和胃癌组中分别为91.67%、70.59%和64.00%,呈逐渐下降趋势,CAG组显著低于胃癌组(P<0.01),CAG伴IM组显著高于胃癌组(P<0.01),癌旁IM组与胃癌组比较无统计学差异。CDH17蛋白在胃癌中的表达与患者性别、年龄、浸润深度等无关联,而与胃癌临床TNM分期、分化程度、Lauren分型及是否合并淋巴结转移等有关联。胃癌组织中CDX2与CDH17蛋白表达存在正相关(P<0.01),IM中CDX2与CDH17蛋白表达也存在正相关(P<0.05)。结论:CDX2可能诱导细胞分化、抑制胃癌的侵袭,CDH17高表达与胃癌恶性程度和预后有关;CDX2与CDH17表达可能在IM发生、发展及胃癌进展、浸润转移过程中起协同作用。     

河南贲门癌高发区贲门癌旁肠上皮化生组织的组织化学特征

目的 :探讨贲门癌癌旁肠上皮化生的组织化学特征。方法 :采用艾显蓝 雪夫 (AB PAS)和高铁二胺 艾显兰 (HID AB)粘液组织化学染色法研究了 49例贲门癌癌旁肠上皮化生的组织化学特点 ,并与 93例胃癌癌旁肠上皮化生做对照。结果 :贲门癌癌旁肠上皮化生的检出率 ( 4 4 9% )明显低于胃癌癌旁的肠上皮化生检出率 ( 80 64 % ) (P <0 .0 1) ;贲门癌癌旁不完全型小肠化生 ( 3 1.82 % )和不完全型大肠化生 ( 63 .64 % )所占肠化的比例均明显高于胃癌癌旁不完全型小肠化生 ( 5 .3 3 % )和大肠化生 ( 2 1.3 3 % )所占肠化的比例 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :贲门癌旁上皮不完全型肠上皮化生检出率明显高于胃癌癌旁上皮提示其可能是一种重要的贲门癌癌前病变     

山西长治林州移民与河南林州居民食管、贲门和胃窦内镜病理结果比较

目的:比较分析河南食管癌高发区林州居民和山西长治的林州移民食管、贲门和胃窦内镜病理结果,进-一步了解遗传和环境因素对食管和贲门癌变的影响.方法:从移居到山西长治100 a的林州移民村中选择1个自然村并在河南林州选择1个与移民迁居前相近的自然村作为调查现场,随机对该2个自然村中30岁以上的居民进行食管/胃内镜检查和黏膜活检组织病理学检查.结果:①食管:移民村食管中段基底细胞过度增生(BCH)检出率高于林州居民(38%vs 28%,P＜0.05);②贲门:移民村慢性浅表性贲门炎(CSG)、不典型增生(DYS)和肠上皮化生(IM)的检出率均高于林州居民(P＜0.05),但两地区慢性萎缩性贲门炎(CAG)和贲门腺癌(GCA)的检出率相似(P＞0.05);③胃窦:移民村胃窦部DYS和IM检出率均高于林州居民(P＜0.05),但2地区胃窦部CSG、CAG和GCA检出率均相似(P＞0.05).结论:林州居民移民到山西长治100 a后,自然人群食管癌和贲门癌检出率、食管重度癌前病变检出率仍与林州原住地居民相似,而移民贲门和胃窦部重度癌前病变检出率均高于林州居民.环境和时间变化均未明显影响食管和贲门癌前病变和癌的发生率,提示遗传因素在其发生中可能起重要作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.