四环素基因表达调控系统调控β-半乳糖苷酶基因在肝癌细胞中的表达

目的：构建调控β-半乳糖苷酶（β-gal）基因表达的四环素基因表达调控载体,验证其在肝癌细胞内调控β-半乳糖苷酶基因的表达,为进一步利用该调控系统调控治疗基因治疗肝癌奠定实验基础。方法：根据2个四环素调控子结合位点（TetO2）基因与pcDNA3.1载体的基因核苷酸序列,设计引物,以pcDNA3.1载体为模板进行PCR。将具有串联2个四环素调控子结合位点（TetO2）基因的PCR产物连接入pcDNA3.1载体CMV启动子下游,构建成pcDNA3.1-TetO2载体,应用ABI 3130 测序仪利用pcDNA3.1-TetO2载体对TetO2 PCR产物进行测序分析。再将β-gal克隆入pcDNA3.1-TetO2载体,构建成受四环素调控表达的β-半乳糖苷酶基因的表达载体pcDNA3.1-TetO2-β-gal。利用脂质体将携带四环素调控子基因（TR）的pcDNA6/TR载体转染到肝癌细胞HepG2中,利用杀稻瘟菌素进行细胞转染的稳定筛选,采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测TR基因在HepG2细胞内的表达。将pcDNA3.1-TetO2-β-gal载体转染到稳定表达pcDNA6/TR的HepG2细胞中,转染3～4 d后,给予强力霉素（4 mg•L^-1）,利用β半乳糖苷酶原位染色试剂盒染色,检测β-半乳糖苷酶基因的表达。结果：构建的pcDNA3.1-TetO2载体测序结果表明,串联2个四环素调控子结合位点（TetO2）基因片段插入到pcDNA3.1载体CMV启动子基因下游。pcDNA3.1-TetO2-β-gal载体酶切鉴定结果表明,β-gal成功地克隆入pcDNA3.1-TetO2载体。RT-PCR结果显示,TR基因在pcDNA6/TR转染的经杀稻瘟菌素筛选的HepG2细胞内得到稳定表达。给予强力霉素后,β-半乳糖苷酶基因在稳定转染TR 基因的HepG2 细胞 内得以表达;而未给予强力霉素,β-半乳糖苷酶基因在稳定转染TR 基因的HepG2 细胞内表达受到抑制。结论：成功地构建了调控β-半乳糖苷酶基因表达的四环素基因表达调控载体,利用该载体成功地调控了β-半乳糖苷酶基因在HepG2细胞内的表达。     

检测4种热休克基因表达水平的RT-PCR体系的建立及其应用

目的建立能同时检测人Jurkat细胞中4种热休克基因mRNA表达水平的RT-PCR体系。方法采用基因克隆、基因重组、体外转录、RT-PCR技术,建立能同时检测细胞中4种热休克基因的RT-PCR体系,并将此体系用于检测SW13细胞中热休克基因的表达。结果构建了用于4种热休克基因mRNA检测的内参照质粒,并经体外转录成内参照RNA(i-RNA);用于SW13细胞中结果显示:hsp70、hsp90α呈典型的热诱导表达,hsp60和hsp90β具有较高水平的组成性表达,并且呈不同程度的热诱导表达。结论新构建的RT-PCR体系可以用于检测人Jurkat细胞中4种热休克基因mRNA的表达水平。     

四环素诱导调控的腺病毒载体系统的构建及其应用

目的构建四环素诱导调控基因表达的腺病毒载体系统,评估该载体系统的高效性。方法利用PCR、限制性内切酶酶切、连接等分子生物学手段构建四环素诱导调控体系中调节因子序列、应答元件序列的穿梭载体。通过同源重组的方法将载体上的四环素调控因子以及应答元件序列整合于腺病毒基因组。利用RT-PCR检测病毒载体上四环素调节因子（rtTA和tTA）在Hela细胞中的转录水平;荧光素酶活性测定分析腺病毒载体系统的效率。在不同浓度强力霉素的诱导下,检测荧光素酶报告基因活性变化,分析可诱导调控腺病毒系统的有效性和敏感性。结果调控性腺病毒AdrtTA^Tet-on与Ad-tTA^Tet-off分别感染Hela细胞,逆转录PCR检测鉴定腺病毒载体Ad-rtTA^Tet-on与Ad-tTA^Tet-off的表达克隆用于调控应答性腺病毒Ad-TREmod/minCMV△-LUC、Ad-TREmod/U6-shLUC。在强力霉素的诱导下调控性腺病毒Ad-rtTA^Tet-on与Ad-tTA^Tet-on能够开启或关闭应答性腺病毒Ad-TREmod/minCMinCMV△-LUC、Ad-TREmod/U6-shLUC的表达,从而达到调控荧光素酶的表达或RNA干扰荧光素酶基因的目的。结论构建可诱导调控的腺病毒载体系统,该系统能够在强力霉素的调控下开/关目的基因、特异性干扰目的基因shRNA片段的表达。     

受四环素系统调控的DT390-VEGF165融合基因对胃癌细胞的杀伤效应

严格控制毒素基因的转录是肿瘤基因治疗发展的一个方向.我们曾经报道DT390- VEGF165或DT390-VEGFexon7融合基因真核表达载体在脂质体介导下转染胃癌细胞SGC7901可以观察到明显的杀伤效应[1].为了控制毒素基因的表达,我们在真核表达载体中引入了四环素tet-off调控系统,转基因后结果显示:虽然存在漏表达,但四环素系统对控制毒素基因的表达可以发挥一定的作用.     

严密型四环素调控系统调控的表达HCV-C基因双转基因小鼠模型的建立

目的 制备严密型四环素调控系统调控下表达丙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白(HCV-C)基因的双转基因小鼠,为进一步阐明核心蛋白Core与HCV感染所致的疾病以及与肝细胞癌发生的关系奠定基础.方法 严密型四环素调控部分(ApoE-rtTA-tTS)转基因阳性鼠和反应部分(TRE-HCV-C)转基因阳性鼠交配产生仔鼠,经PCR和Southcm blot分析筛选出阳性鼠.免疫组织化学检测HCV-C蛋白双转基因小鼠肝组织内表达情况及其肝脏的病理变化.结果 得到了2只携带有两种基因(tTS和HCV-C)的双转基因小鼠,成功制备了严密型四环素调控系统的HCV-C双转基因小鼠.结论 结果表明,所建立的严密型四环素调控系统在动物模型中是可行的和有效的,它消除了普通四环素调控系统存在的本底泄漏表达的缺点,是HCV-C基因功能研究及与肝细胞癌的关系的机制研究的一个有用工具.     

心血管疾病基因治疗的基础研究Ⅲ．重组质粒fPGV－MT－LacZ在大鼠血管平滑肌细胞中的表达

为观察外源性基因在心血管细胞内的表达，本工作构建了含有外源性标记基因ＬａｃＺ的逆转录病毒质粒ｆＰＧＶ－ＭＴ－ＬａｃＺ。应用脂质体（Ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔｉｎ）包裹质粒，转染培养的大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞，经Ｇ４ｌ８筛选、克隆以及β－半乳糖苷酶的酶活测定，证明外源性基因可以在血管平滑肌细胞中表达。揭示血管平滑肌细胞可作为心血管疾病基因治疗的一种靶细胞。     

雌激素上调LRP16基因表达的研究

目的：鉴定LRP16基因的表达调控途径并探讨其可能机制。方法：对LRP16基因进行启动子序列顺式作用元件和信息学角度的SAGE(serial analysis of gene expression)谱分析，提示雌激素对其可能具有转录调控作用。为证实这一作用，构建了LRP16基因启动子序列(2．6kb)调控的荧光素酶报告子(pS0)，并与雌激素受体α和β(ERα，ERβ)真核表达载体共转染COS-7和MCF-7细胞，加入雌二醇(β-E2)培养，lueiferase assay方法测定相对荧光素酶活性。结果：报告子pS0与ERα真核表达载体共转染细胞的相对荧光素酶活性较非共转染组及pS0／ERβ表达载体共转染组显著升高，并且在两种细胞中的升高幅度接近。结论：LRP16是受雌激素调控的一个新识别的靶基因，具体调控途径由雌激素变构激活的ERα直接介导，其临床意义有待进一步研究。     

乙型肝炎病毒S基因四环素调控体系的构建及其在真核细胞中的表达

目的:构建乙型肝炎病毒S基因的四环素调控表达载体,并研究在真核细胞中四环素对S基因的调控表达,以期用于基因治疗实验.方法:将乙型肝炎病毒S基因插入启动子内含有2个四环素超纵子(TO)的质粒pcDNA4,并用脂质体将重组质粒pcDNA4-S和含有四环素抑制基因的质粒pcDNA6共转染入真核细胞HepG2中,用Zeocin(400μg/ml)及Blasticidin(10μg/ml)进行抗性筛选,约20天形成抗性克隆,建立在四环素诱导下能稳定表达S基因的细胞系.以不同浓度的四环素(0.5μg/ml,1.0μg/ml,2.0μg/ml,3.0μg/ml)进行诱导,用微粒子酶免疫分析法(MEIA)检测S抗原的表达,以确定四环素的最佳浓度.结果:转染了重组质粒的HepG2细胞,在无四环素环境下HBsAg表达量很低,当加入不同浓度的四环素诱导后,HBsAg表达量明显增加,但所测HBsAg的S/N值无明显差异.结论:成功构建了乙型肝炎病毒S基因四环素调控表达载体,并在真核细胞中进行了四环素的调控表达.     

丙型肝炎病毒与荧光素酶融合基因细胞模型的初步建立

为了建立易于检测且稳定的丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV)细胞模型 ,利用基因重组技术 ,构建了 HCV c DNA与荧光素酶 (luc)融合基因的可调控逆转录病毒载体 ,通过脂质体介导方法转染人肝癌细胞 (HHCC) ,观察 luc基因的表达活性 .结果表明 :成功地将luc基因融合于 HCV C和大部分 E1区基因下游 ,构建了带 HCV- luc融合基因的真核表达载体 (p BPST- HCV- luc) ;该载体在细胞内有效表达 luc活性 ,puromycin筛选可提高 luc的表达水平 ,并可受四环素调节 .结果说明 :初步建立了表达 HCV C- E1和luc融合基因的可调控细胞模型 ,为以 HCVC- E1为…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.