破坏高尔基体对小鼠体细胞核移植重组胚的构建及其体外发育的影响

目的探讨破坏高尔基体对小鼠核移植重组胚的构建及其体外发育的影响;方法采用血清饥饿法同步化处理KM小鼠成纤维细胞作为供体细胞;常规超排KM小鼠获得卵母细胞,布雷菲德菌素A（Brefeldin A,BFA）特异性破坏其高尔基体并采用盲吸法去核;直接注核法构建重组胚胎,6-DMAP＋CCB＋乙醇激活重组胚,在含5μg/mL BFA的CZB培养液中培养。结果经BFA处理后,小鼠核移植重组胚的存活率降低,与对照组存活率相比较统计学差异显著（P〈0.05）,但其卵裂率与对照组比较统计学差异不显著（P〉0.05）;     

卵母细胞体外成熟培养液的改良及研究

目的探讨卵母细胞体外成熟培养液的改良及研究。方法选取昆明小鼠50只作为研究对象,根据培养液的不同将50只小鼠分为A组和B组,每组各25只。A组采用低糖细胞培养基（DMEM）培养,B组采用含15％～20％胎牛血清的人类输卵管液培养,两组在相同条件下进行培养,比较两组的体外受精率、正常受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率、可移植胚胎率、妊娠率及活产率。结果A组小鼠的体外受精率（71．4％）、正常受精率（65．7％）及卵裂率（89．1％）与B组（67．6％、68．1％、85．1％）比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;A组小鼠的优质胚胎率（31．7％）和可移植胚胎率（56．1％）均优于B组（25．0％、42．5％）,差异有统计学意义（X2=8．26、10．17,P〈0．05）。A组小鼠的妊娠率（23.3％）低于B组（32．6％）,差异有统计学意义（X2=7．58,P〈0．05）;但A组小鼠的活产率（17．8％）稍低于B组（18．9％）比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉O．05）。结论低糖DMEM培养液具有较好的应用效果,但仍需进一步的研奔．     

三种不同来源人未成熟卵母细胞的体外成熟

目的：探讨三种不同来源的人未成熟卵母细胞体外成熟（IVM）的差异。方法：共获得未成熟卵母细胞1055枚,包括卵丘复合物（OCC）613枚和裸卵（DO）442枚。其中OCC分为自然周期组、孕晚期组和IVM纽;DO分为自然周期组、孕晚期组和超促排卵纽。所有未成熟卵母细胞在IVM培养体系体外培养成熟后,卵母细胞胞浆内单精子注射（ICSI）受精序贯培养,除IVM组行第2或第3天胚胎移植外,其余均培养至囊胚阶段。分别比较OCC和DO各组未成熟卵母细胞的成熟率、成熟卵母细胞的受精率、卵裂率;自然周期组和孕晚期组的囊胚形成率。结果：OCC：自然周期组、孕晚期组及IVM组的未成熟卵母细胞体外成熟率分别为79．5％、74．3％和82．2％,孕晚期组与IVM周期组相比具有统计学差异;3组成熟卵母细胞受精率、卵裂率及自然周期组和孕晚期组的囊胚形成率相比无统计学差异,IVM组的移植周期妊娠率为20％。DO：自然周期组、孕晚期组及超促排卵组未成熟卵母细胞体外成熟率超促排卵组最高（86．0％）,明显高于自然周期组（74．5％）和孕晚期组（72．7％）,（P〈0．05和〈0．01）。3组未成熟卵母细胞的成熟率、成熟卵母细胞的受精率、卵裂率、囊胚形成率相比未见统计学差异。结论：孕晚期来源的未成熟卵母细胞在体外同样具有发育潜能;孕晚期的卵母细胞可作为一种供卵来源。     

人未成熟卵母细胞体外成熟培养在多囊卵巢综合征不孕妇女中的应用

目的：探讨未成熟卵母细胞体外成熟培养-胚胎移植技术（IVM—ET）在多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者不孕症治疗中的临床应用前景。方法：将39例PCOS不孕妇女分未成熟卵母细胞体外成熟培养（IVM）组和常规体外受精／卵胞浆内单精子显微注射（IVF／ICSI）组。IVM组;11例PCOS患者,用小剂量促性腺激素（Gn）刺激后取未成熟卵母细胞体外培养28h,行卵胞浆内单精子显微注射（ICSI）,继续培养3d后行胚胎移植。IVF／ICSI组：28例PCOS患者,用常规IVF／ICSI技术助孕。结果：IVM组获卵数123枚,体外培养成熟率为82．93％（102／123）,受精率为98．04％（100／102）,卵裂率为92．00％（92／100）,优胚率为39．13％（36／92）,移植10个新鲜胚胎周期,临床妊娠2例,临床妊娠率为2／10,累计妊娠率4／11。与同期28例施行IVF／ICSI的PCOS患者进行比较,其Gn天数、用量、HCG日E2水平、获卵数、优胚率显著低于IVF／ICSI组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;卵裂率无明显差异（P〉0．05）;种植率、临床妊娠率均低于IVF／ICSI组,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;IVM组无中重度卵巢过度刺激综合征（OHSS）和自然流产的发生,而IVF／ICSI组中重度OHSS发生率为10．71％（3／28）、自然流产率为3／10,但差异亦无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：IVM技术为PCOS患者的治疗开辟了一条新的途径,同时在减少外源性Gn用量,有效控制卵泡数量和E2水平方面具有明显优势。但对其能否降低OHSS风险以及成功率较低等问题,有待进一步研究。     

细胞松弛素B和解冻方法对玻璃化冷冻小鼠卵母细胞的影响

 【目的】探讨细胞松弛素B和解冻程序对玻璃微细管法（GMP）玻璃化冷冻小鼠卵母细胞的影响。【方法】以小鼠MII期卵母细胞为模型，研究冷冻前细胞松弛素B预处理、不同解冻程序对小鼠卵母细胞冷冻效果的影响；随后对经GMP玻璃化冷冻的卵母细胞直接进行培养以检测冷冻是否诱发孤雌发育。【结果】与对照组相比．细胞松弛素B预处理的卵母细胞存活率、受精率、卵裂率及囊胚率没有显著差异（89．3％vs91．3％．44．0％vs40．4％，30．0％vs27．7％，4．0％vs6．4％；P〉0．05）；采用连续浓度梯度递减解冻法的受精率明显高于间断浓度梯度递减解冻法（57．4％vs40．4％；P〈0．05），且前者的卵裂率和囊胚发育率也相对较高f40，2％vs27，7％，14．5％vs6．4％；P〉0．05）。冷冻复苏后卵母细胞的孤雌发育率稍高于未经冷冻的卵母细胞（17．1％vs3．2％；P〉0．05）。【结论】细胞松弛素B预处理对MII期小鼠卵母细胞的GMP玻璃化冷冻保存效果没有影响：采用连续浓度梯度递减解冻法能明显提高复苏后卵母细胞的体外发育能力。     

细胞松弛素B和解冻方法对玻璃化冷冻小鼠卵母细胞的影响

【目的】探讨细胞松弛素B和解冻程序对玻璃微细管法（GMP）玻璃化冷冻小鼠卵母细胞的影响。【方法】以小鼠MII期卵母细胞为模型，研究冷冻前细胞松弛素B预处理、不同解冻程序对小鼠卵母细胞冷冻效果的影响；随后对经GMP玻璃化冷冻的卵母细胞直接进行培养以检测冷冻是否诱发孤雌发育。【结果】与对照组相比．细胞松弛素B预处理的卵母细胞存活率、受精率、卵裂率及囊胚率没有显著差异（89．3％vs91．3％．44．0％vs40．4％，30．0％vs27．7％，4．0％vs6．4％；P〉0．05）；采用连续浓度梯度递减解冻法的受精率明显高于间断浓度梯度递减解冻法（57．4％vs40．4％；P〈0．05），且前者的卵裂率和囊胚发育率也相对较高f40，2％vs27，7％，14．5％vs6．4％；P〉0．05）。冷冻复苏后卵母细胞的孤雌发育率稍高于未经冷冻的卵母细胞（17．1％vs3．2％；P〉0．05）。【结论】细胞松弛素B预处理对MII期小鼠卵母细胞的GMP玻璃化冷冻保存效果没有影响：采用连续浓度梯度递减解冻法能明显提高复苏后卵母细胞的体外发育能力。     

丁内酯-Ⅰ对小鼠卵母细胞体外成熟的影响

目的研究丁内酯-Ⅰ（BL-Ⅰ）对小鼠卵母细胞体外成熟及成熟动力学的影响。方法以BL-Ⅰ作为成熟抑制剂，按“两步法”培养小鼠卵丘-卵母细胞复合物（COC），即先用含有不同浓度BL-Ⅰ（0、6．25、12．5、25、50、100μmol／L）的培养液培养，按培养时间分为3h组和6h组。BL-Ⅰ培养液培养结束时，观察卵母细胞生发泡破裂（GVBD）的发生率，再用不含BL-Ⅰ的培养液继续培养，进一步观察其成熟动力学的变化，即卵母细胞GVBD过程和第一极体形成过程。结果6．25μmol／L及以上浓度的BL-Ⅰ培养液均可将未成熟卵的GVBD抑制3h，抑制6h则需100μmol／L BL-Ⅰ，BL-Ⅰ抑制作用解除后，卵母细胞的成熟率与对照组的差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05），但卵母细胞的成熟动力学发生明显改变，GVBD和成熟过程较对照组明显加速。结论BL-Ⅰ对小鼠未成熟卵GVBD 3h或6h的抑制是可逆的，不影响小鼠卵母细胞的成熟能力，但成熟动力学发生明显改变。而这可能改善体外成熟的卵母细胞胞质成熟滞后于核成熟的状态，提高未成熟卵的发育能力。     

PCR技术在鼠肺支原体检测中应用的初步研究

目的　研究不同培养条件对小鼠卵母细胞体外成熟及体外受精率的影响。方法　小鼠卵母细胞分别在含有FSH、BSA和胰岛素的培养液中体外成熟,在Whitten 氏液中体外受精,比较体外成熟率、体外受精率。结果　1- 裸卵(DO) 的体外成熟率、体外受精率(81-4% ,31-0 % ) 均高于卵丘卵母细胞复合体(COC)(48-6 % ,27-1% ) 。2- 在培养液中添加FSH、胰岛素和BSA,卵母细胞的体外成熟率为77-9 % ,82-3% 、60-7% ;体外受精率为77-2 % 、72-6 % 、26-7% ;2 - 细胞率为49-2 % 、34-2 % 、10-0% 。胰岛素组的卵母细胞IVM 率最高,但IVF率、2 - 细胞率低于FSH 组。3- 添加BSA的两组的体外受精率只有26-7 % 、25-8 % ,显著低于其他组,其体外成熟率也较添加FSH 和胰岛素的组成。4- 排出第一极体(PbI) 的卵母细胞的体外受精率和2 - 细胞率(85-9 % ,22-4% ) 均高于GV期卵母细胞(71-1 % ,12-9 % ) 。结论　1- 卵丘卵母细胞(COC) 较裸卵(DO) 的体外成熟率、体外受精率都低,差异显著(P成熟< 0-01;P受精< 0-05) 。2-FSH 和胰岛素均能提高小鼠卵母细胞的体外成熟率、体外受精率。3-BSA可以降低小鼠卵母细胞体外受精率,差异极显著。4-GV 期卵母细胞的体外受精率显著低于体外培养的排出第一极体的卵母细胞(P2 - cell < 0-05,P受精<0-05)     

山羊卵泡大小对卵母细胞体外发育能力的影响

目的比较不同大小山羊卵泡的卵母细胞体外成熟、体外受精及胚胎发育的能力。方法收集不同大小山羊卵泡的卵母细胞,分3组进行体外培养。Ⅰ组：卵泡直径≥5.0mm;Ⅱ组：卵泡直径3.0～4.9mm;Ⅲ组：卵泡直径〈3.0mm。观察各组卵母细胞体外成熟率、体外受精率、卵裂率及囊胚形成率。结果3组卵母细胞体外成熟率与受精率差异无统计学意义（均P〉0.05）。Ⅲ组卵母细胞的卵裂率及囊胚形成率分别为53.8%和28.6%,均显著低于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组（均P〈0.01）。结论在进行山羊未成熟卵体外成熟培养时,卵泡直径≥3mm的卵母细胞体外发育潜能较卵泡直径〈3mm的卵母细胞好。     

胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ对卵母细胞成熟度、受精力及卵裂力的影响

为探讨胰岛素样生长因子－（IGF－I）对卵巢功能的调节作用，采用体外培养小白鼠未成熟卵母细胞、成熟卵母细胞和精子及受精卵，实验组加入不同浓度的IGF－I，对照组不加IGF－I。观察卵母细胞成熟度、受精率及卵裂率。结果表明：实验组小白鼠卵母细胞成熟度受精率及卵裂率均大于对照组，差异有极显著性及显著性（P＜0．of或＜0．05）。实验组及对照组受精卵均有不均匀分裂和细胞碎片出现，但在同一培养时间内，差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。提示IGF－I可促进体外培养的小白鼠卵母细胞成熟度及受精卵的卵裂过程，提高受精率，对受精卵…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.