肝宁方对肝硬化门脉高压的抑制作用

目的:探讨肝宁方对肝硬化门脉高压的抑制作用.方法:采用复合因素法制作肝硬化模型,60只Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、肝宁方治疗组,每组20只.检测治疗前后大鼠门静脉压力(PVP)、平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR),肝功能,血清HA,PCⅢ、LN含量测定,肝组织病理观察.结果:治疗组较模型组相比,PVP显著降低,MAP显著增高,HR显著减慢,ALT、HA显著降低(P＜0.05);ALB显著升高,PCⅢ、LN含量显著降低(P＜0.01);肝组织结构有所改善.结论:肝宁方具有抑制肝硬化门脉高压作用.     

天然牛磺酸抗大鼠肝纤维化及抑制门静脉高压的机制研究

目的:研究天然牛磺酸抑制大鼠肝硬化门静脉高压症的疗效及可能机制。方法:采用复合因素法制作肝硬化模型,60只Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、天然牛磺酸治疗组,每组20只。检测治疗前后各组门静脉压力(PVP)、门静脉血流量(PVF),平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR),肝功能,血清Ⅳ-C、PCⅢ、HA、LN含量,肝脏组织学,采用硝酸还原酶法测定一氧化氮(NO)含量,化学比色法测定一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性,放射免疫法检测环鸟苷酸(cCMP)含量。结果:天然牛磺酸组PVP、PVF降低,MAP升高,HR减慢,与模型组相比差异有显著意义(P<0.05);ALT降低,ALB升高,与模型组相比差异有显著意义(P<0.01);TBIL无明显变化,与模型组相比差异无显著意义(P>0.05);Ⅳ-C、PCⅢ、HA、LN含量均显著降低,与模型组相比差异有显著意义(P<0.01);NO、cCMP含量及NOS活性也均有不同程度的降低,与模型组相比差异有显著意义(P<0.05);同时肝脏组织结构有所改善。结论:天然牛磺酸能够有效地降低大鼠肝硬化门静脉压力,对肝硬化门静脉高压的形成机制有双向调节作用,具有良好的临床开发和应用前...     

缬沙坦对肝硬化门静脉高压大鼠胃黏膜微循环及超微结构的影响

目的观察缬沙坦降低大鼠肝硬化门静脉高压（PHT）的疗效和对胃黏膜微循环及其超微结构的影响。方法制作肝硬化PHT模型，成模后分为模型组、缬沙坦组及正常对照组，治疗1513后进行各指标的测定。结果与模型组比较，缬沙坦组门静脉压力（PVP）明显降低（P〈0.01），光镜下胃黏膜微循环明显改善，毛细血管最大直径及面积明显减小（P〈0．01），透射电镜下胃黏膜超微结构的损伤也明显减轻，而平均动脉压（MAP）和心率（HR）无明显变化。结论缬沙坦可有效降低大鼠肝硬化PVP，对门静脉高压性胃病（PHG）有明显的治疗作用。     

小檗碱对肝硬化大鼠肝功能的保护及炎症抑制作用

[目的]观察小檗碱对肝硬化大鼠肝功能的保护及炎症抑制作用,并探讨其相关机制.[方法]从60只SD大鼠中随机抽取10只设为正常组,其余建立肝硬化模型.将建模成功的40只大鼠随机分为肝硬化组、激活剂组、小檗碱组、激活剂+小檗碱组,每组10只.激活剂组给予SRI-01138130 mg/kg灌胃,小檗碱组给予小檗碱200 mg/kg灌胃,激活剂+小檗碱组给予SRI-011381(30 mg/kg)合小檗碱(20 mg/kg)灌胃,正常组、模型组给予等体积生理盐水灌胃,1次/d,连续2周.末次给药后次日测定血清肝功能指标、炎症因子指标、肝纤维化程度指标,采用免疫组织化学染色法测定肝脏组织α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)表达,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色法观察肝组织病理变化,蛋白免疫印迹(Western Blot)法测定肝脏组织转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、Smad4、Smad7蛋白表达.[结果]与正常组比较,肝硬化组血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)水平,白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、透明质酸(HA)水平,肝脏组织α-SMA免疫组织化学染色光密度(IOD)值,TGF-β1、Smad4蛋白表达量升高,白蛋白(ALB)水平、Smad7蛋白表达量降低(均P<0.05);与肝硬化组比较,激活剂组血清AST、ALT、IL-6、TNF-α、Ⅳ-C、PCⅢ、HA水平及α-SMA IOD值,TGF-β1、Smad4蛋白表达量升高,ALB水平、Smad7蛋白表达量降低(均P<0.05);与激活剂组比较,小檗碱组血清AST、ALT、IL-6、TNF-α、Ⅳ-C、PCⅢ、HA水平及α-SMA IOD值,TGF-β1、Smad4蛋白表达量降低,ALB水平、Smad7蛋白表达量升高(均P<0.05);与小檗碱组比较,激活剂+小檗碱组血清AST、ALT、IL-6、TNF-α、Ⅳ-C、PCⅢ、HA水平及α-SMA IOD值,TGF-β1、Smad4蛋白表达量升高,ALB水平、Smad7蛋白表达量降低(P<0.05).HE染色结果显示,肝硬化组与激活剂组可见明显肝纤维化表现,小檗碱组肝组织病理变化及纤维化程度较肝硬化组、激活剂组明显改善,激活剂+小檗碱组肝组织病理变化及纤维化程度较肝硬化组、激活剂组有所改善,但不及小檗碱组.[结论]小檗碱可抑制肝硬化大鼠炎性反应,促进肝脏胶原降解,降低肝纤维化程度,保护肝功能,其机制可能与抑制TGF-β1/Smads信号通路有关.     

长效奥曲肽影响大鼠肝纤维化形成的研究

目的:观察和探讨长效奥曲肽对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱发的大鼠肝纤维化的影响及机制。方法:SD大鼠40只,随机分为正常对照组(n=8)、肝纤维化组(n=16)、长效奥曲肽组(n=16)。通过40?l4皮下注射(3ml/kg)诱导建立大鼠肝纤维化模型,长效奥曲肽组同时给与长效奥曲肽(善龙,0.8mg/kg)肌肉注射,每28天给药1次。8周后观察大鼠肝脏大体形态、肝脏重量/体重比和组织学改变;用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定血清透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原N端肽(PⅢNP)含量。结果:正常对照组大鼠肝脏大体形态和组织学无异常改变。肝纤维化组及长效奥曲肽组大鼠肝脏质地变硬,表面明显结节,组织学见肝细胞脂肪变性、坏死、纤维组织增生,假小叶形成等,但后者组织学损害显著轻于前者(P<0.05)。肝纤维化组及长效奥曲肽组肝脏重量/体重比均明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01),但长效奥曲肽组低于肝纤维化组(P<0.05)。正常对照组大鼠血清HA、PⅢNP含量分别为(18.5±3.8)ng/ml、(8.2±3.4)ng/ml,肝纤维化组大鼠血清HA、PⅢNP含量分别为(179.3±33.5)ng/ml,(59.6±15.6)ng/ml。高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。长效奥曲肽组大鼠血清HA、PⅢNP含量分别为(152.4±36.1)ng/ml,(41.2±13.4)ng/ml,显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01),但低于肝纤维化组(HAP<0.05;PⅢNPP<0.01)。结论:长效奥曲肽能减缓大鼠肝纤维化形成。     

银杏叶片对土三七诱导大鼠肝小静脉闭塞病的干预作用

目的观察银杏叶片对土三七诱导的大鼠肝小静脉闭塞病(HVOD)的干预作用。方法雌性SD大鼠42只,采用土三七诱导建立大鼠HVOD模型,随机分为对照组10只,模型组12只,银杏叶片低、高剂量组10只。对照组大鼠给予蒸馏水7m L/(kg·d)灌胃;模型组给予土三七浓缩煎液7m L/(kg·d)灌胃;银杏叶片低、高剂量组分别给予土三七提取液[7m L/(kg·d)]+银杏叶片[50mg/(kg·d)]、土三七提取液[7m L/(kg·d)]+银杏叶片[100mg/(kg·d)]灌胃;4周后处死大鼠,采集血清、肝组织,检测血清学指标、观察肝组织病理学变化,评价肝脏胶原表达及纤维化程度。结果银杏叶片低、高剂量组大鼠总胆红素(TBILI)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、血清透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)等较模型组均有显著降低[TBILI:(2.43±1.00)μmol/L、(2.28±0.55)μmol/L比(6.02±1.26)μmol/L,P0.05;ALT:(117.44±35.24)U/L、(98.13±13.50)U/L比(143.54±23.25)U/L,P0.05,P0.01;AST:(220.44±48.13)U/L、(198.20±41.64)U/L比(303.92±51.53)U/L,P0.05,P0.01;HA:(157.80±41.63)ng/m L、(162.63±13.48)ng/m L比(189.72±23.30)ng/m L,P0.05,P0.01;PCⅢ:(16.26±2.86)ng/m L、(14.40±1.73)ng/m L比(20.50±4.52)ng/m L,P0.05,P0.01];银杏叶片低、高剂量组大鼠血白蛋白(ALB)较模型组显著增加[(31.95±1.64)、(32.48±1.33)g/L比(29.08±3.62)ng/L,P0.05],银杏叶片高剂量组Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)较低剂量治疗组下降更明显[(2.58±0.36)ng/m L比(3.16±0.76)ng/m L,P0.05];病理学检查示,银杏叶片各剂量组较模型组肝纤维化程度轻,其中高剂量组改善更显著。结论银杏叶片对土三七诱导的大鼠HVOD有明显的防治作用。     

乙型肝炎病人肝纤维化四项血清学指标检测结果分析

目的:研究各型乙型肝炎与肝纤维化的关系。方法:采用化学发光免疫分析法分别检测192例各型乙型肝炎病人血清血清透明质酸(hyaluronic acid,HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原肽(typeⅢprocollagen,PⅢ)、层粘蛋白(laminin,LN)及Ⅳ型胶原(typeⅣcollagen,ⅣC)。结果:中、重度肝炎组与对照组肝纤维化四项水平比较差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。中、重度肝炎组HA、PⅢ、LN、ⅣC分别为(297±19.15)ng/mL、(53±38.14)ng/mL、(985±24.33)ng/mL、(118±19.38)ng/mL;对照组HA、PⅢ、LN、ⅣC分别为(56±43.25)ng/mL、(8±24.65)ng/mL、(417±50.33)ng/mL、(67±39.76)ng/mL。肝硬化组与对照组肝纤维化四项水平比较差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。HA、PⅢ、LN、ⅣC分别为(379±15.12)ng/mL、(85±31.11)ng/mL、(1213±41.328)ng/mL、(224±13.52)ng/mL;对照组HA、PⅢ、LN、ⅣC分别为(56±43.25)ng/mL、(8±24.65)ng/mL、(417±50.33)ng/mL、(67±39.76)ng/mL。为HA是诊断肝纤维化最敏感指标。特异性最高的指标是PⅢ。结论:肝纤维化血清标志物的检测可作为判断乙型肝炎病人肝纤维化的常规指标。     

调经汤对卵巢早衰模型大鼠卵巢功能影响的实验研究

目的观察调经汤对卵巢早衰模型大鼠卵巢功能的影响。方法将60只雌性成熟未交配Wistar大鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型组、阳性药物对照组、调经汤低、中、高剂量组,每组10只。空白组大鼠按0.4mL/100g体质量腹腔注射无菌注射用水,其余各组大鼠按0.4mL/100g体质量腹腔注射浓度为0.5mg/mL的顺铂溶液,连续7天。观察大鼠行为变化、动情周期,采用放射免疫法检测大鼠血清促卵泡生成素(FSH)、雌激素(E2)和促黄体生成素(LH)水平,光镜观察卵巢组织形态改变。结果模型组和阳性药物对照组大鼠无稳定的动情周期,调经汤中、高剂量组逐渐恢复规律的动情周期。给药后第7、14天,与空白对照组比较,模型组大鼠血清FSH、LH升高,E2降低,差异有统计学意义[第7天:(7.38±0.99)IU/L比(6.18±0.24)IU/L,(3.35±0.27)ng/L比(2.79±0.24)ng/L,(94.04±6.22)ng/L比(109.10±5.69)ng/L,P均0.05;第14天:(8.01±0.13)IU/L比(6.97±0.88)IU/L,(4.22±0.82)ng/L比(3.20±0.17)ng/L,(131.74±23.65)ng/L比(157.82±5.68)ng/L,P均0.05];给药后第7天,与模型组比较,调经汤低、中、高剂量组大鼠血清FSH降低,E2升高,差异有统计学意义[(5.72±0.51)IU/L、(6.20±1.05)IU/L、(6.08±0.26)IU/L比(7.38±0.99)IU/L;(104.46±10.25)ng/L,(104.48±12.85)ng/L,(106.64±8.67)ng/L比(94.04±6.22)ng/L,P均0.05];血清LH含量水平虽降低,但差异无统计学意义[(2.96±0.38)ng/L、(3.00±0.19)ng/L、(2.96±0.23)ng/L比(3.35±0.27)ng/L,P0.05]。给药后第14天,与模型组比较,调经汤中剂量组大鼠血清FSH、LH降低,E2升高,差异有统计学意义[(7.02±1.04)IU/L比(8.01±0.13)IU/L,(3.37±0.53)ng/L比(4.22±0.82)ng/L,(153.67±20.55)ng/L比(131.74±23.65)ng/L,P均0.05]。模型组大鼠卵巢萎缩,卵泡生长少,闭锁卵泡增加,部分被纤维组织代替,黄体数量少,子宫内膜明显变薄。调经汤低、中、高剂量组大鼠卵泡数量和黄体数目不同程度增多,子宫内膜有所增厚。结论调经汤能有效改善顺铂诱导的卵巢早衰模型大鼠的卵巢功能。     

苦参素抗肝纤维化作用的临床观察

目的 探讨苦参素在慢性病毒性肝炎抗肝纤维化中的作用.方法 选择160例慢性乙型肝炎患者,分为观察组及对照组.观察组在常规治疗基础上给予苦参素6mL肌肉注射,每日1次;对照组常规治疗.分别于治疗前后检测肝功能、病毒指标,用放射免疫法(RIA)测定肝纤维化血清学指标透明质酸(HA)、层黏连蛋白(LM)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)及B超测定门静脉内径(Dpv).结果 观察组治疗后肝纤维化指标均明显下降,HA、LM、PCⅢ、Ⅳ-C分别为(151.42±19.43)ng/mL、(115.75±20.92)ng/mL、(159.60±55.10)ng/mL和(57.60±33.29)ng/mL,与治疗前及对照组治疗后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);Dpv治疗后明显减小(12.8±0.17)cm,与对照组治疗后比较差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 苦参素有明显的抗肝纤维化作用,同时还能减轻和缓解门静脉高压症.     

乙型肝炎肝硬化患者HBV-DNA载量与α-SMA、AFP及肝纤维化的关系

目的分析乙型肝炎肝硬化患者乙肝病毒脱氧核糖核酸(HBV-DNA)载量与α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)水平及肝纤维化的关系。 方法选取乙型肝炎肝硬化患者108例,依据HBV-DNA载量分为低水平组、中水平组和高水平组。比较各组谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)、总胆红素(TBIL)、α-SMA、AFP和肝纤维化指标[透明质酸(HA)、层粘连蛋白(LN)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PC-Ⅲ)]。分析HBV-DNA载量与α-SMA、AFP及肝纤维化的相关性。 结果各组GPT、GOT、TBIL、α-SMA、AFP、HA、LN、Ⅳ-C和PC-Ⅲ水平比较,均低水平组＜中水平组＜高水平组(P＜0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,HBV-DNA载量水平与α-SMA、AFP、HA、LN、Ⅳ-C、PC-Ⅲ均呈正相关(P＜0.05)。 结论乙型肝炎肝硬化患者HBV-DNA载量与α-SMA、AFP水平和肝纤维化程度呈正相关,HBV-DNA载量水平越高肝脏纤维化越严重。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.