丙型肝炎患者血清和外周血单个核细胞HCV-RNA检测

目的 :了解丙型肝炎患者血清和外周血单个核细胞 (PBMC)中HCV RNA存在情况及其意义。方法 :采用套式PCR检测 38例急性丙型肝炎和 36例慢性丙型肝炎患者血清和外周血PBMC中HCV RNA。结果 :74例丙型肝炎患者血清HCV RNA阳性 6 8例 ,PBMC阳性 44例 ;急性丙型肝炎患者PBMC中HCV RNA阳性 15例 (39.5 % ) ,慢性丙型肝炎患者PBMC中阳性 2 9例 (80 .6 % )。慢性丙型肝炎患者PBMC中HCV RNA检出率显著高于急性丙型肝炎患者 (P <0 .0 1)。 3例血清HCV RNA阴性 ,而PBMC中HCV RNA均阳性 ;8例患者血清抗 HCV阴性 ,而血清HCV RNA均阳性。结论 :PBMC可能为HCV肝外贮存和复制场所 ,PBMC中的HCV感染在丙型肝炎慢性化和慢性肝损害中可能起一定作用 ;血清HCV RNA检测有助于抗 HCV阴性丙型肝炎的诊断。     

载体介导的RNA干扰技术对甲状腺癌细胞人端粒酶逆转录酶基因的抑制作用

目的应用载体介导的RNA干扰(RNA i)技术特异性地抑制甲状腺癌细胞人端粒酶逆转录酶(hTERT)基因的表达。方法构建利用U6启动子转录功能性小干扰RNA(siRNA)的质粒载体,对阳性克隆进行酶切和测序鉴定后,转染人甲状腺癌FRO细胞,利用RT-PCR和W eston blot法检测hTERT基因的表达情况。结果构建的表达质粒转染FRO细胞后,hTERT基因mRNA和蛋白质的表达水平明显降低,抑制率分别为76%和81%。结论siRNA的表达质粒能成功抑制甲状腺癌细胞hTERT基因的表达,为RNA i技术应用于甲状腺癌的基因治疗提供了实验基础。     

hTERT siRNA表达载体的构建及对转染的HeLa细胞生长抑制作用

目的:通过RNA干涉技术抑制肿瘤细胞端粒酶表达,探讨干涉后对肿瘤细胞生长的抑制作用. 方法:根据人端粒酶逆转录酶(hTERT)mRNA编码序列,设计RNA干涉靶点,构建siRNA(small interferencing RNA)表达载体,并转染HeLa细胞,通过RT-PCR法观察重组质粒转染肿瘤细胞后端粒酶mRNA、蛋白含量及细胞生长情况. 结果:构建的siRNA表达载体可以使HeLa细胞端粒酶逆转录酶mRNA及其蛋白含量降低,转染质粒的细胞生长增殖速度减慢. 结论:成功构建了针对人端粒酶逆转录酶的siRNA表达载体,通过转染HeLa细胞,可有效抑制细胞中端粒酶的表达,并引起细胞生长抑制.     

siRNA表达载体对hTERT基因的效应评价

目的:构建人端粒酶逆转录酶(hTERT)基因的RNA干扰表达载体,探讨其对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞生长及其hTERT基因表达的影响。方法:设计针对hTERT基因的干扰靶序列并构建重组siRNA表达载体pGenesil-hTERT。酶切测序鉴定后,脂质体转染MCF-7细胞,应用RT-PCR和Weston Blot法检测hTERT基因的表达情况,应用流式细胞仪测定细胞凋亡率。结果:酶切电泳测序分析表明插入序列正确,重组质粒构建成功,且转染MCF-7细胞后,hTERT mRNA和蛋白质表达水平显著抑制,细胞凋亡率较对照组明显升高(P<0.01)。结论:以DNA质粒为载体的siRNA能有效抑制hTERT基因的表达,进而抑制乳腺癌MCF-7细胞生长、促进细胞凋亡。     

RNA干扰人端粒酶逆转录酶基因对膀胱尿路上皮癌BIU-87细胞株端粒酶活性抑制的研究

目的:探讨RNA干扰技术使人端粒酶逆转录酶(hTERT)基因沉默,对膀胱尿路上皮癌BIU-87细胞株端粒酶活性的抑制作用。方法:针对hTERT基因设计构建多种siRNA表达载体,并转染至膀胱肿瘤BIU-87细胞,通过实时荧光定量、单四唑(MTT)检测端粒酶活性,观察siRNA表达载体对hTERT基因表达的影响。结果:实时荧光定量和MTT检测证明,所构建的载体能导致不同程度的hTERT基因沉默,并成功地抑制BIU-87细胞的生长。结论:RNA干扰膀胱尿路上皮癌细胞(BIU-87)端粒酶hTERT基因,能影响端粒酶基因的表达,为进一步研究端粒酶活性在膀胱尿路上皮癌中的作用奠定了基础。     

重组丙型肝炎病毒在7721细胞中的复制

目的 探讨构建的重组丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)能否在易感细胞系中复制和表达。方法 用人工构建的HCV感染易感细胞系7721，培养72h后利用RT-PCR检测HCV的RNA表达，并应用共聚焦激光扫描显微镜(CLSM)观察免疫荧光标记的HCV核心抗原和胞膜抗原EI在细胞中的表达。结果 人工构建的HCV感染7721细胞72h后、RT-PCR检测细胞内可检出HCV正链及负链RNA，细胞培养上清中可检出HCV正链RNA，CLSM检测HCV核心抗原和E1抗原在细胞内的分布呈胞浆型。结论 构建的HCV72h内可以在易感细胞系7721中复制和表达。     

丙型肝炎病毒感染细胞模型的实验研究

目的 建立接近体内自然感染状态并能长期复制的丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染细胞模型．方法 用HCV阳性血清感染人肝癌细胞株HepG2、SMMC 7721及胎肝细胞株L02，继续培养60d，用巢式逆转录-聚合酶链反应(nested RT-PCR)检测培养细胞及上清中正、负链HCV RNA。结果 HepG2、SMMC 772l在感染后第2-30d，L02在感染后第3-30d细胞中可以间断检出HCV正链RNA；3株细胞的细胞内HCV负链RNA均在感染后第3-30d可以间断检出，检出率与正链RNA接近。3株细胞以HepG2细胞中HCV RNA正、负链检出率较高，并在第3l—60d仍可间断检出，但复制程度逐渐减弱。3株细胞的培养上清中HCV正链RNA感染后也呈间断阳性，检出率与细胞内正链RNA基本一致。培养上清中均末检出HCV负链RNA。结论 HePG2、SMMC772l及L02细胞均对HCV易感，并能支持HCV长期复制。而HePG2细胞是较为理想的HCV体外感染细胞模型。     

丙型肝炎病毒感染外周血单个核细胞的进一步研究

为进一步研究外周血单个核细胞 (PBMC)感染丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV)的状况。用逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT-PCR)、地高辛标记 HCV探针作原位杂交和链酶亲和素 -生物素 (SABC)作免疫组化三项技术 ,检测血清和 PBMC中的 HCV RNA和 HCV NS5 抗原。结果显示 RT- PCR检测的 2 0例慢性丙型肝炎患者 ,除去 4例接受干扰素治疗者 ,余16例中有 14例 (87.5 % )血清 HCV RNA阳性 ,2例血清 HCV RNA阴性者的 PBMC- HCV RNA阳性。对 RT- PCR检测的 9例 PBMC- HCV RNA阳性患者 ,进一步用原位杂交和免疫组化技术 ,分别检测 PBMC中的 HCV RNA和HCV NS5 抗原。显示这几种方法的检测结果是基本一致的 ,呈正相关关系。患者的 PBMC中的 HCV RNA和 HCV NS5抗原呈散在颗粒状或弥漫分布 ,主要位于胞浆中 ,HCV NS5 抗原还分布于胞膜上。证实 HCV可以感染 PBMC,并在其中复制 ,复制部位在胞浆。     

重组丙型肝炎病毒在7721细胞中的复制

目的 探讨构建的重组丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)能否在易感细胞系中复制和表达。方法 用人工构建的HCV感染易感细胞系7721,培养72h后利用RT-PCR检测HCV的RNA表达,并应用共聚焦激光扫描显微镜(CLSM)观察免疫荧光标记的HCV核心抗原和胞膜抗原E1在细胞中的表达。结果 人工构建的HCV感染7721细胞72h后,RT-PCR检测细胞内可检出HCV正链及负链RNA,细胞培养上清中可检出HCV正链RNA,CLSM检测HCV核心抗原和E1抗原在细胞内的分布呈胞浆型。结论 构建的HCV72h内可以在易感细胞系7721中复制和表达。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.