小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞炎症模型的建立

目的：体外建立小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞炎症模型,为体外研究中药抗炎机制提供实验模型。方法分离、培养小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞;形态学观察巨噬细胞的生长;流式细胞术鉴定所分离细胞的纯度;以不同质量浓度(0、0.1、1、10μg/mL)的脂多糖(LPS)作用细胞24 h及1μg/mL的LPS作用细胞不同时间(0、4、8、16、24、48 h),荧光定量PCR法检测细胞中IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α mRNA的表达。结果获得的贴壁细胞具备巨噬细胞的形态特征,纯度为84.55%;在一定范围内,LPS以浓度依赖和时间依赖的方式上调IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α mRNA的表达。结论1μg/mL的LPS作用细胞24 h能建立较为合理的炎症模型。     

LPS 对肝癌细胞株 HepG2增殖、凋亡及分泌炎症因子的影响

目的：体外观察不同浓度细菌内毒素脂多糖(LPS)对肝癌 HepG2细胞增殖、凋亡以及分泌炎症因子的影响,并探讨可能的机制。方法按照随机数字法将细胞分为对照组及1、10、50、100μg/ ml LPS 处理组。用 MTT 检测刺激24、48、72和96 h 后细胞的增殖能力;用流式细胞术检测刺激24 h 后细胞的凋亡情况;用 RT-PCR 法检测刺激24 h 后白介素-6(IL-6)和白介素-8(IL-8) mRNA 的表达含量;用化学发光法检测刺激24 h 后 IL-6和 IL-8的表达量,最后用 SPSS 19．0对数据进行统计学分析。结果与对照组比较,各处理组刺激24 h 和48 h 后细胞增殖活性明显升高(P <0．05),而在72、96 h 差异无统计学意义(P >0．05);刺激24 h 后,1、10、50和100μg/ ml LPS 处理组以及对照组之间的细胞凋亡率差异无统计学意义(P >0．05);刺激24 h 后,与对照组比较,随着刺激浓度的升高,IL-6和 IL-8的表达量明显升高(P <0．05)。结论 LPS 可以在48 h 内促进 HepG2的增殖,对HepG2细胞的凋亡没有影响,并且 LPS 作用可以上调 IL-6和 IL-8水平。     

高迁移率族蛋白1诱导内皮细胞释放细胞因子的作用及其与脂多糖对白细胞介素6释放的协同效应

目的观察高迁移率族蛋白1(HMGB1)对人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)释放细胞因子的影响及其对脂多糖(LPS)诱导细胞因子白细胞介素6(IL-6)表达的作用。方法用LiquiChip液相蛋白芯片系统检测重组HMGB1蛋白(15ng/ml)诱导HUVEC11种细胞因子/趋化因子的水平变化;检测不同浓度HMGB1(0~75ng/ml)刺激后不同时间点(0、1、3、6、12和24h)HUVEC分泌IL-6的水平以及HMGB1(15ng/ml)与LPS(10ng/ml)共同刺激对HUVEC分泌IL-6的影响。结果HMGB1刺激后HUVEC分泌粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)、干扰素γ(IFN-γ)、IL-6、IL-8和单核细胞趋化蛋白1(MCP-1)的水平明显升高(均P<0.01),分别是对照(未加刺激)的5.7、4.2、27.8、12.8和5.4倍;HMGB1蛋白以时间和剂量依赖方式诱导IL-6的分泌,在刺激后3~6h,IL-6水平开始增加,在6h时IL-6由对照的32pg/ml±21pg/ml增加到75pg/ml±22pg/ml(P<0.01),12h(453pg/ml±78pg/ml)~24h(901pg/ml±184pg/ml)持续升高(P<0.01);随着HMGB1浓度的增加,IL-6的水平也明显增加,当HMGB1浓度为3、15、75ng/ml时,IL-6分别是155pg/ml±33pg/ml、901pg/ml±184pg/ml、1508pg/ml±378pg/ml,与基础值32pg/ml±21pg/ml相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。分别用LPS(10ng/ml)和HMGB1(15ng/ml)单独刺激HUVEC时,IL-6的含量从基础的32pg/ml±22pg/ml分别增加至289pg/ml±42pg/ml和901pg/ml±184pg/ml(均P<0.01);如果用二者共同刺激HUVEC,IL-6的生成量大大增加(2361pg/ml±299pg/ml),二者存在协同作用(F=69.405,P<0.01)。结论HMGB1蛋白可诱导HUVEC释放多种炎性细胞因子;HMGB1诱导IL-6的上调具有时效性和量效性关系,并可协同LPS刺激HUVEC释放IL-6,在脓毒症的发生和发展中起重要作用。     

大黄素对脂多糖诱导的角膜基质细胞表达细胞因子的影响

目的 观察大黄素对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的角膜基质细胞表达细胞因子的影响.方法 原代培养角膜基质细胞,选取第4代细胞进行实验.根据在LPS刺激角膜基质细胞前是否先用40μmol/L大黄素培养细胞30min,将细胞分为大黄素+LPS组和LPS组,分别在10μg/L LPS刺激角膜基质细胞前以及刺激后1、2、4、8 h收集细胞;或先用0、5、10、20和40 μmol/L的大黄素培养细胞30 min后,再用10μg/L LPS刺激8 h.Western blot检测角膜基质细胞κB抑制因子-α(IκB-α)蛋白的表达;逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测角膜基质细胞白细胞介素(IL)-6和IL-8的mR-NA表达.结果 LPS刺激角膜基质细胞后1、2、4、8h,细胞表达IκB-α蛋白均较刺激前明显下降(P<0.01);大黄素对LPS引起的角膜基质细胞IκB-α蛋白的降解有不同程度的抑制作用,且该作用呈一定的浓度依赖性(P<0.05).LPS刺激引起角膜基质细胞IL-6和IL-8 mRNA表达升高,刺激后各时间点IL-6和IL-8 mRNA表达均较LPS刺激前明显升高,呈一定时间依赖性(P<0.01);大黄素对LPS诱导的角膜基质细胞IL-6和IL-8 mRNA表达有明显抑制作用,且该作用呈一定浓度依赖性(P<0.05).结论 大黄素能抑制体外培养的角膜基质细胞表达IL-6和IL-8,可能与其抑制IκB-α降解、促进NF-kB活化有关.     

氟西汀及吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸对体外培养星形胶质细胞分泌白细胞介素6的影响

目的 通过体外培养纯化星形胶质细胞,观察氟西汀及吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸(Pyrrolidine Dithioearbamate,PDTC)对磷酸脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导星形胶质细胞释放白细胞介素6(interleukin 6,IL-6)的影响.方法 体外分离并纯化的大鼠星形胶质细胞接种到48孔板中,分为对照组、LPS组、氟西汀组和PDTC组.对照组和LPS组常规培养,氟西汀组和PDTC组加入不同浓度的氟西汀和PDTC孵育48h;然后LPS组、氟西汀组和PDTC组给予1μg/ml LPS刺激24h,对照组常规培养；最后用酶联免疫吸附法检测各组上清液IL-6的水平.结果 LPS组[(1975.46±171.54) pg/ml]上清液IL-6的含量与对照组[(10633.00 ±782.15) pg/ml]相比,差异具有高度统计学意义(P＜0.01)；当氟西汀浓度为10μM、20μM和40μM时,IL-6的含量分别为(6198.6 ±379.4) pg/ml、(4973.6±132.5) pg/ml和(4747.9±473.9) pg/ml,与LPS组相比,IL-6的含量明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；当PDTC的浓度为100μM、150μM和200μM时,IL-6的含量分别为(4821.6±180.8) pg/ml、(4735.7±620.0) pg/ml和(3525.9±240.0) pg/ml,较LPS组明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 LPS可诱导星形胶质细胞分泌IL-6,氟西汀和PDTC在一定浓度范围内可减弱LPS的这一作用.     

脂多糖对人肝内胆管上皮细胞IL-6/STAT3信号通路的影响

目的 探讨脂多糖(LPS)对正常人肝内胆管上皮细胞(HiBECs)白介素(IL)-6/STAT3信号通路的影响.方法 HiBECs细胞常规体外培养,使用不同浓度的LPS(0、0.1、1、2、4、8 μg/ml),分别作用该细胞24、48、72 h后,ELISA法检测IL-6的表达水平,确定LPS的最适刺激浓度及最佳刺激时间,再以其进行后续实验;RT-qPCR法测定c-Myc mRNA、Mcl-1 mRNA的表达情况;Western blot法测定p-STAT3/STAT3蛋白比例及c-Myc、Mcl-1蛋白的表达情况.结果 LPS能够促进HiBECs细胞IL-6分泌,并且在4 μg/ml、24 h时IL-6的分泌量达最大(F=16.492、17.763,P<0.001、P<0.01);LPS刺激HiBECs细胞后,c-Myc mRNA、Mcl-1 mRNA表达上调 (P<0.01);p-STAT3/STAT3蛋白比例增高(P<0.05),c-Myc(P<0.001)、Mcl-1(P<0.05)蛋白表达增多.结论 LPS能够激活HiBECs细胞IL-6/STAT3信号通路,并且可能通过该信号通路促进Mcl-1、c-Myc的表达.     

替米沙坦对脂多糖诱导3T3-L1脂肪细胞生成炎性因子的影响

目的探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂替米沙坦对小鼠3T3-L1脂肪细胞合成白细胞介素6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）的影响。方法脂肪细胞诱导至90%成熟,随机分为5组：对照组,脂多糖（LPS）组,LPS＋替米沙坦组,其中替米沙坦设0.1μg/ml、1μg/ml和10μg/ml 3个浓度梯度。对照组中加DMSO,LPS＋替米沙坦组中加不同浓度替米沙坦,孵育2h后,再向LPS组和LPS＋替米沙坦组加入LPS（1μg/ml）,与替米沙坦共同孵育细胞1h。酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测各组IL-6和TNF-α的蛋白分泌水平,Q-PCR检测各组IL-6和TNF-αmRNA基因表达。结果脂多糖处理后IL-6分泌较对照组增加约2.7倍,IL-6mRNA表达增加4倍。替米沙坦干预后各组IL-6浓度较脂多糖组均明显下降,10μg/ml组降低67%,IL-6mRNA表达随替米沙坦浓度升高而下降,10μg/ml组下降约63%。此外,与对照组相比,脂多糖处理组TNF-α分泌增加1.3倍,其mRNA表达增加3.5倍,替米沙坦干预后,各组TNF-α蛋白分泌及mRNA表达均较脂多糖组明显降低,大剂量替米沙坦干预后（10μg/ml）,TNF-α蛋白分泌下降约85%,mRNA表达下降约23%。结论替米沙坦通过影响脂肪细胞炎性因子的产生发挥抗炎作用,10μg/ml大剂量时作用尤为明显。     

TLR4对人牙周膜细胞分泌IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的影响

目的观察在内毒素脂多糖(LPS)刺激下,Toll样受体4(TLR4)对人牙周膜成纤维细胞(HPDLC)分泌白细胞介素(IL)中的IL-1β、IL-6和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的影响。方法选用100ng/mL、1μg/mL和10μg/mL大肠杆菌LPS分别刺激HPDLC,双抗体夹心法检测刺激后6、12、24、48h时,HPDLC分泌IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的水平。运用不同滴度anti-TLR4单克隆抗体预先处理HPDLC,观察1μg/mLLPS刺激下其分泌IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的水平变化。结果LPS刺激HPDLC6h后,即可检测到IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α,24h达到顶峰,然后逐渐下降,各LPS浓度组规律基本一致;anti-TLR4单克隆抗体预先处理的HPDLC,在1μg/mLLPS刺激下,其产生IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的水平明显下降(P<0.05),且与anti-TLR4单克隆抗体滴度呈量效关系。结论TLR4参与了HPDLC的炎症反应过程;anti-TLR4单克隆抗体能有效抑制LPS刺激后HPDLC分泌IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的能力。     

β-肾上腺素能受体对BALB/C小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞分泌TNF-α和IL-10及吞噬功能的双向调节作用

目的通过观察异丙肾上腺素和普萘洛尔分别对BALB/C小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞分泌肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)和白介素-10(IL-10)以及吞噬功能的影响,分析β肾上腺素能受体对巨噬细胞细胞功能的调节作用。方法将培养的BALB/C小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞细胞分为4组:空白组用生理盐水处理作为空白对照组;脂多糖组以10μg/ml脂多糖刺激;普萘洛尔组分别以不同浓度的普萘洛尔(0.1、1、10μmol/L)预处理后,再以10μg/ml脂多糖刺激;异丙肾上腺素组分别以不同浓度的异丙肾上腺素(10、100、300μmol/L)预处理后,再以10μg/ml LPS刺激。加入不同浓度药物培养6 h后,采用酶联免疫法测定各培养瓶上清液中TNF-α的浓度,24 h后测定IL-10的浓度,并用中性红吞噬试验检测巨噬细胞吞噬功能。结果在用脂多糖刺激的情况下,普萘洛尔呈浓度依赖性的增加TNF-α分泌,减少IL-10分泌,并使巨噬细胞吞噬功能下降,而异丙肾上腺素(ISO)作用却正好相反。结论对BALB/C小鼠,可以通过腹腔巨噬细胞膜上的β肾上腺素能受体,实现对炎症介质的释放和细胞吞噬能力的双向调节作用。     

地塞米松对内毒素作用下人脐静脉内皮细胞表达组织因子、凝血酶调节蛋白和蛋白S的影响

目的观察地塞米松(DEX)对内毒素(LPS)作用于人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)后表达组织因子(TF)、凝血酶调节蛋白(TM)和蛋白S(PS)的影响.方法24孔板培养的第1～5代HUVEC,在含不同浓度LPS和DEX的无血清培养基中培养一定时间后裂解细胞,应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定裂解液中的TF、TM和PS含量.结果在LPS刺激下,HUVEC表达TF的量呈剂量依赖性升高,在LPS0.1μg/ml下TF的表达量为对照组的4倍(P＜0.01),同时加入0.5 μg/ml和1.0 μg/ml DEX则可使TF的表达量由128.3±25.7 pg/105细胞分别降至94.9±19.4 pg/105细胞和98.8±7.8 pg/105细胞(P＜0.05);LPS(0.01～10μg/ml)可抑制HUVEC表达TM,在LPS 10 μg/ml下,TM表达量降至对照组的60%(P＜0.05).DEX可拮抗LPS抑制HUVEC表达TM的效应,0.1 μg/ml、0.5 μg/ml和1.0 μg/ml DEX可使LPS(10 μg/ml)作用下TM的表达量由0.282±0.014 ng/105细胞分别增至0.409±0.009、0.462±0.017和0.362±0.019 ng/105细胞(P＜0.05);LPS(0～10 μg/ml)可抑制HUVEC表达PS,在LPS浓度1.0 μg/ml及10 μg/ml时,PS的表达量分别为对照组的43%和38%(P＜0.01).DEX则拮抗LPS抑制HUVEC表达PS的效应,0.5 μg/ml DEX可使LPS刺激下PS的表达量由13.1±4.8%/2×105细胞增至48.5±10.2%/2×105细胞(P＜0.01).结论LPS促进HUVEC表达TF,抑制HUVEC表达TM和PS.DEX能部分拮抗上述作用,提示DEX可能纠正内毒素血症时的高凝状态.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.