集束化干预联合闭环管理对ICU多重耐药菌感染的防控效果

目的 探讨集束化干预策略联合闭环管理模式对ICU多重耐药菌感染的防控效果。方法选取2020年1~12月EICU住院患者275例作为对照组，实施常规管理；2021年1~10月EICU住院患者239例作为观察组，在常规管理基础上实施集束化干预策略联合闭环管理。结果实施后，观察组多重耐药菌感染发生率明显低于对照组；患者住院日显著低于对照组，4项护理措施执行率(隔离标识、手卫生、环境消毒、医务人员相关知识知晓)、病原学送检率显著高于对照组（均P<0.05）。结论集束化干预联合信息化闭环管理可有效降低EICU多重耐药菌感染发生率。     

Confounded association between proton pump inhibitor use and risk of biliary tract cancer: Result from three cohorts

Recent epidemiological studies suggested that proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use was associated with an increased risk of biliary tract cancer (BTC), however, confounders were not adequately controlled. Our study aimed to evaluate PPI use and subsequent risk of BTC and its subtypes in three well-established cohorts. We conducted a pooled analysis of the subjects free of cancers in UK Biobank (n = 463 643), Nurses' Health Study (NHS, n = 80 235) and NHS II (n = 95 869). Propensity score weighted Cox models were used to estimate marginal HRs of PPIs use on BTC risk, accounting for potential confounders. We documented 284 BTC cases in UK Biobank (median follow-up: 7.6 years), and 91 cases in NHS and NHS II cohorts (median follow-up: 15.8 years). In UK biobank, PPI users had a 96% higher risk of BTC compared to nonusers in crude model (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.44-2.66), but the effect was attenuated to null after adjusting for potential confounders (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.60-1.49). PPI use was not associated with risk of BTC in the pooled analysis of three cohorts (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.60-1.43). We also observed no associations between PPI use with risk of intrahepatic (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.49-2.04), extrahepatic bile duct (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.52-2.27) and gallbladder cancers (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.26-1.66) in UK Biobank. In summary, regular use of PPIs was not associated with the risk of BTC and its subtypes.     

435例原发性高血压患者脉图参数与心血管危险分层的相关性分析

目的 本研究旨在探讨原发性高血压患者脉图参数与心血管危险分层的相关性，为原发性高血压患者心血管风险事件预警提供中医特色的依据。方法 采集435例原发性高血压患者的症状体征、脉象信息、生化指标等，分为低中危组、高危组、很高危组，采用单因素方差分析、秩和检验、有序logistic回归分析等方法，探讨原发性高血压患者脉图参数与心血管危险分层的相关性。结果 ①高血压低中危组→高危组→很高危组患者病程逐渐延长，两两组间比较有统计学差异；②高血压低中危组→高危组→很高危组患者的脉图参数H3/H1、H4/H1逐渐上升；高血压患者很高危组H5/H1、T1/T低于低中危组；③有序logistic回归分析结果显示，脉图参数T1、T4、T5、T为影响因素。结论 病程、血脂、肾功能是高血压患者心血管危险分层的影响因素之一。心血管危险分层等级的升高与脉图参数H3/H1、H4/H1、T5、T的升高及H5/H1、T4、T1的降低相关，说明脉图能一定程度上反映原发性高血压患者血管壁增厚、血管内壁受损、血管硬化及左心室收缩功能的减退程度。     

Study on the Value of Ultrasound Elastography Combined with Plasma miRNA Expression in the Early Detection of Breast Cancer

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor in women, and its morbidity and mortality are increasing each year, due to the lack of specific clinical symptoms in the early stage of BC, and the lack of diagnostic methods for early breast cancer. Therefore, identifying an effective diagnostic method for early BC has become urgent. Materials and Methods: Breast lesions with a histological diagnosis that were examined by ultrasonic elastography (UE) in our department from June 2020 to December 2021 were reviewed. qRT-PCR was performed to measure the expression levels of miR-144-5p and miR-26b-5p in the plasma of patients with BC. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to investigate the potential diagnostic value of miR- 144-5p, miR-26b-5p and the elastographic score in BC. Results: The ultrasonic elastography score(UES) was found to be significantly upregulated in BC compared with that in benign breast lesions, and the AUC, sensitivity and specificity were 0.809, 0.717 and 0.806 for distinguishing BC from benign breast lesions, respectively. miR-144-5p and miR-26b- 5p were found to be upregulated in the plasma of BC patients, and miR-144-5p+miR-26b-5p had 0.781 sensitivity and 0.780 specificity for the diagnosis of BC. Furthermore, we found that the diagnostic performance of miR-144-5p and miR-26b-5p combined with UES for BC had 0.913 sensitivity and 0.890 specificity. Conclusions: The combination of plasma miR-144-5p, miR-26b-5p and UES has a very high clinical application value for the early detection of BC.     

医防协同,推动社区老年人常见感染性疾病疫苗应用

感染性疾病对老年人危害严重,接种疫苗是预防感染的有效手段。但我国常见感染性疾病疫苗的整体接种率偏低,基层医务人员及居民对疫苗接种的认知存在不足。《社区老年人常见感染性疾病疫苗应用专家共识》针对流感疫苗、肺炎球菌疫苗和带状疱疹疫苗3种常见疫苗的接种给予了详细的指导,旨在提高基层医务人员对老年人群疫苗接种的重视程度,加强其对公众的疫苗接种宣传教育,医防协同,共同助力提高老年人群健康水平。     

TOPSIS法和秩和比法模糊联合在基本公共卫生服务质量综合评价中的应用研究

背景国家基本公共卫生服务项目的开展是我国新医改的重要举措，自2009年国家基本公共卫生服务项目开展后，其服务经费与服务项目不断扩增，由于涉及指标较多，覆盖面较广，探寻科学、客观、全面的基本公共卫生服务综合评价方法十分必要。目的探索适宜的基本公共卫生服务质量综合评价方法，通过质量评价为调整相关政策和提高服务质量提供依据。方法2019年2—4月，采用多阶段立意抽样方式从Z省南部、中部和北部地区共选取24家社区卫生服务中心（乡镇卫生院）作为评价对象，记为机构A~X。采用逼近理想解排序法（TOPSIS法）、秩和比法及二者模糊联合的方法对24家社区卫生服务中心（乡镇卫生院）2018年基层医疗卫生机构基本公共卫生服务质量进行综合评价（参考2018年国家基本公共卫生服务项目选取12项评价指标）。结果在TOPSIS法评价中，Ci值排名前三名的为A（0.917 4）、C（0.875 9）和G（0.787 9），Ci值排名后三名的为I（0.414 2）、W（0.413 7）和N（0.407 7）。在秩和比法评价中，RSR值排名前三名的为A（0.890 6）、G（0.765 6）和C（0.711 8），RSR值排名后三名的为V（0.381 9）、W（0.362 8）和K（0.357 6）。根据模糊集理论，将W1Ci+W2RSR值进行排序，依据"择多原则"，排名前三名的分别为A、C和G，排名后三名的分别为I、K和W，这与TOPSIS法和秩和比法的评价结果基本一致。结论TOPSIS法和秩和比法模糊联合得到的评价结果及影响因素与其他研究结果相一致，并且两者联用能克服单一使用TOPSIS法或秩和比法的局限性，适宜在基本公共卫生服务质量评价中推广应用。     

双侧延髓内侧梗死临床分析

目的分析并探究双侧延髓内侧梗死(BMMI)的血管病因、临床表现、MRI特征和预后,以期提高BMMI的早期诊断率.方法对青岛大学附属烟台毓璜顶医院诊治的14例BMMI患者临床资料进行分析.结果BMMI血管病因以动脉粥样硬化为主;临床症状表现为四肢瘫痪、舌瘫、感觉异常、头晕、构音障碍、饮水呛咳等,危重时出现呼吸衰竭.头颅DWI示双侧延髓内侧可呈特征性"心型"、"Y"字型、"V"字型或倒"八"字型高信号影.出院NIHSS评分、卒中进展(尤其呼吸衰竭)为BMMI的预后不良因素.结论BMMI临床少见,临床表现多样,预后较差;头颅MRI为其主要的影像学检查,有助于早期诊断.     

Thinned-out skin paddle versus collagen matrix as an optimized peri-implant soft tissue following fibula osteoseptocutaneous free flap: 3-year retrospective study

The objective of this study was to compare the implant longevity following two methods of peri-implant soft tissue optimization following free fibula flap (FFF): thinning of skin paddle (SP) and collagen matrix (CM). All patients who underwent rehabilitation with dental implants after mandibular reconstruction with FFF between June 2009 to May 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Two methods of peri-implant soft tissue optimization were applied: (1) SP group, (2) CM group. Outcome measurements were: modified plaque index (mPI), modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), probing depth (PD), marginal bone loss (MBL), implant success rate and complication rates. A total of 24 patients with 69 implants were included in the study, with 8.7% (n = 6) of implants lost in 3 years. No statistically significant difference was found regarding the outcome measurements in both groups. Failed implants presented with statistically significant higher mPI, mSBI, PD and MBL scores during prosthesis delivery and subsequent follow-ups (P<0.03). In the SP group, one patient experienced SP necrosis which later underwent soft tissue optimization using CM. CM is an alternative peri-implant soft tissue, while thinning of SP is feasible if thickness is well controlled.