北京市三级甲等医院结直肠癌患者就医流向规律分析

目的 分析不同特征的结直肠癌患者就医行为选择在中医院（含中西医结合医院）、西医院及肿瘤专科医院间的差异，为合理引导结直肠癌患者适宜就医及制订相关政策提供依据。方法 收集北京地区2018年1月-2019年12月17家三级甲等医院21894例首诊结直肠癌成年住院患者的病案首页数据，采用EmpowerStats 2.0对数据进行描述性分析。结果 21894例结直肠癌患者中就诊于中医院的有862例（3.93%），西医院的有8723例（39.85%），肿瘤专科医院的有12309例（56.22%）。对于不同医疗机构，男性占比均大于女性，58-68岁患者占比最大。且结直肠癌患者年龄、医疗付款方式及肿瘤分期在不同医疗机构间的分布存在差异（P<0.001）。西医院及肿瘤专科医院结直肠癌Ⅲ期患者占比最大，而就诊于中医院患者中结直肠癌Ⅳ期最多。从地域分布来看，异地就诊比例（57.32%）大于本地，且就诊于肿瘤专科医院的患者中73.66%来自外地。患者来源前三名分别是北京市、河北省及内蒙古自治区。而在北京市内，西医院患者主要来源于朝阳区、海淀区及西城区，中医院患者主要来源于海淀区、朝阳区及丰台区，肿瘤专科医院则主要来源于朝阳区、海淀区及丰台区。结论 应大力倡导年轻以及早期结直肠癌患者向中医院分流，充分施展中医药在结直肠癌患者中的治疗优势；发挥三级医院带动作用，建立对口帮扶医院，减少不必要的跨省流动及提倡结直肠癌的早筛早治，以降低结直肠癌死亡率。     

优秀运动员睡眠与运动表现:问题分析、影响因素、改善策略北大核心CSCD

睡眠是运动员运动表现提升的重要非训练策略之一,科学分析影响运动员睡眠的各类因素和改善策略有助于在训练和比赛期最大化运动表现。通过对国内外相关文献的整理与总结发现,运动员群体普遍存在睡眠问题,且该问题在比赛前后更为严重。影响运动员睡眠的因素可分为运动类和非运动类,其中训练、比赛和旅行是运动员睡眠问题的主要致因。多导睡眠图、睡眠问卷/量表/日记、睡眠活动记录仪和手机App等是目前运动员睡眠的主要监测方法。睡眠问题对运动员不同运动表现有着不同程度的影响,其中对次最大强度下的重复冲刺能力、力量耐力和认知参与类运动表现影响的证据相对更为充分。增加睡眠时长、改善睡眠环境/睡前行为、营养补充、旅途调节和运动后恢复策略,是目前改善睡眠的主要手段。     

Analysis on internal mechanism of zedoary turmeric in treatment of liver cancer based on pharmacodynamic substances and pharmacodynamic groups

Zedoary tumeric (Curcumae Rhizoma, Ezhu in Chinese) has a long history of application and has great potential in the treatment of liver cancer. The anti liver cancer effect of zedoary tumeric depends on the combined action of multiple pharmacodynamic substances. In order to clarify the specific mechanism of zedoary tumeric against liver cancer, this paper first analyzes the mechanism of its single pharmacodynamic substance against liver cancer, and then verifies the joint anti liver cancer mechanism of its "pharmacodynamic group". By searching the research on the anti hepatoma effect of active components of zedoary tumeric in recent years, we found that pharmacodynamic substances, including curcumol, zedoarondiol, curcumenol, curzerenone, curdione, curcumin, germacrone, β-elemene, can act on multi-target and multi-channel to play an anti hepatoma role. For example, curcumin can regulate miR, GLO1, CD133, VEGF, YAP, LIN28B, GPR81, HCAR-1, P53 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR, HSP70/TLR4 and NF-κB. Wnt/TGF/EMT, Nrf2/Keap1, JAK/STAT and other pathways play an anti hepatoma role. Network pharmacological analysis showed that the core targets of the "pharmacodynamic group" for anti-life cancer are AKT1, EGFR, MAPK8, etc, and the core pathways are neuroactive live receiver interaction, nitrogen metabolism, HIF-1 signaling pathway, etc. At the same time, by comparing and analyzing the relationship between the specific mechanisms of pharmacodynamic substance and "pharmacodynamic group", it is found that they have great reference significance in target, pathway, biological function, determination of core pharmacodynamic components, formation of core target protein interaction, in-depth research of single pharmacodynamic substance, increasing curative effect and so on. By analyzing the internal mechanism of zedoary tumeric pharmacodynamic substance and "pharmacodynamic group" in the treatment of liver cancer, this paper intends to provide some ideas and references for the deeper pharmacological research of zedoary tumeric and the relationship between pharmacodynamic substance and "pharmacodynamic group".     

108岁超高龄患者股骨转子间骨折闭合复位内固定成功1例

股骨转子间骨折（intertrochanteric fractures of femur，IFF）是指股骨颈基底至小转子水平以上部位的骨折，常见于老年人。内固定术是用金属螺钉、钢板以保持骨折端的复位。目前，临床用于治疗老年性股骨转子间骨折首选外科手术治疗，因老年患者常合并多系统基础疾病，加之患者长期卧床，导致内科保守治疗病死率较高。腰硬联合麻醉与全身麻醉相比具有起效快、作用完善的优点，安全效果更佳。本院于2017年11月21日收治1例108岁股骨转子间骨折患者，经医院多学科会诊，最终在腰硬联合麻醉下成功完成该患者的转子间骨折闭合复位内固定术，随访患者已出院。现将病例报道如下。     

血压控制对高血压合并高尿酸血症患者认知水平的影响

目的观察血压控制对高血压合并高尿酸血症患者认知水平的影响。方法选取2014年1月-2017年1月间就诊的高血压合并发高尿酸血症患者250例,根据患者血压控制情况分为血压控制良好组和血压控制不良组,每组各125例患者;同时纳入健康体检人员125人为对照组,收集受试者血压、血尿酸水平以及血压控制情况信息,并进行认知水平的蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)检测,对患者认知功能状态及影响因素进行分析。结果血压控制不良组患者MoCA评分低于血压控制良好患者(P0.05),而血压控良好组患者MoCA评分与对照组相当,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);除对照组外,血压控制良好组和血压控制不良组中年龄≥65岁患者MoCA评分低于65岁组(P0.05);不同性别间差异无统计学意义。简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评价结果显示,血压控制不良组患者定向力评分低于血压控制良好组及对照组[(6.88±1.43)比(7.37±2.15)和(7.47±1.44),均P0.05];血压控制不良组患者记忆力[(2.37±0.32)比(2.69±0.33)和(2.75±0.29)]、注意力和计算力[(2.40±0.75)比(2.86±0.71)和(3.24±0.82)]、回忆力[(1.26±0.69)比(1.46±0.39)和(1.64±0.46)]和语言力[(6.20±1.24)比(6.44±1.26)和(7.52±1.79)]评分低于血压控制良好组及对照组(均P0.05)。血压控制不良组年龄≥65岁患者定向力评分[(5.82±1.12)比(7.32±1.72),P0.05]和记忆力评分[(1.52±0.34)比(2.52±0.41),P0.05]低于年龄更小的同组患者。多因素Logistic回归分析表明,血压控制良好是认知水平的保护因素(OR值为0.574,P=0.007),男性、年龄增高、血糖增高以及体质量指数(BMI)水平增高则为危险因素(OR值则分别为2.173、2.273、2.166和1.081,均P0.05)。结论与血压控制良好者比较,血压控制不良的高血压合并发高尿酸血症患者认知水平受损更严重。     

冬日夕照

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微小RNA-133和RNA-208对老年急性心肌梗死患者预后的预测价值

目的探讨微小RNA(miR)-133和miR-208对老年急性心肌梗死患者预后的预测价值。方法连续收集2015年1月～2018年1月我院收治的老年急性心肌梗死患者180例,根据患者1年内是否发生不良心血管事件,分为预后不良组32例和对照组148例。采用qRT-PCR法检测miR-133和miR-208相对表达量。随访1年,比较2组患者临床特征差异,用ROC曲线分析miR-133和miR-208对预后的预测价值。结果与对照组比较,预后不良组患者miR-133和miR-208相对表达量增加(4.10±0.75 vs 3.21±0.64,P=0.000;43.57±6.54 vs 29.55±6.88,P=0.000);N末端钠尿肽前体(NT-proBNP)增加[(608.66±140.66)pmol/L vs (541.53±121.02)pmol/L,P=0.006];再次手术率增高(37.50%vs 2.03%,P=0.000);病死率增高(9.38%vs 0,P=0.003)。miR-133和miR-208相对表达量对老年急性心肌梗死患者预后的预测价值均较NT-proBNP高,其中miR-208相对表达量最好,曲线下面积为0.924(95%CI:0.879～0.969,P=0.000)。结论 miR-133和miR-208对判定老年急性心肌梗死患者预后具有一定价值,尤其是miR-208。     

Effect of Yinqi Ointment on Wound Morphology and Growth Factor in Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Objective: To investigate the effect of Yinqi ointment on wound morphology and growth factor in treating diabetic foot ulcer(DFU).Methods: From December 2016 to December 2017, 92 cases of DFU with deficiency of both Qi and Yin syndrome were randomly divided into treatment group and control group(44 cases in each group). The treatment group was treated with Yinqi ointment, while the control group was treated with mupirocin ointment. After 4 weeks of treatment, the ulcer healing effect, ulcer area, granulation tissue, epithelial tissue coverage,pain score, and dynamic analysis of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), epidermis growth factor(EGF), and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) in local granulation tissue were statistically analyzed before and after treatment in both groups. Results: The total effective rate was 88.37% in the treatment group and 74.42% in the control group. The wound reduction rate, epithelial tissue coverage rate, granulation tissue growth rate, and local pain relief rate in the treatment group were significantly superior to those in the control group(P 0.05). Through the local granulation detection, the treatment group and the control group have increased VEGF, EGF, and bFGF, but the treatment group increased the role of growth factor than the control group. Conclusion: Yinqi ointment can promote the healing of DFU, and its mechanism may be related to the increase of the content of growth factor in granulation tissue.