长链非编码RNA在丙型肝炎病毒感染中的作用研究进展

长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是一类含有200多个碱基的RNA分子，不具备编码蛋白质的功能。大多数lncRNA在丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染细胞中被解除调控，具有增强或阻断抗病毒反应的功能，从而影响HCV复制。现从影响病毒细胞生命周期、调控干扰素(IFN)应答、调控干扰素刺激基因(ISG)表达和转录几方面对HCV感染后lncRNA调节的作用进展进行阐述。     

HBV基因型的研究现状与发展趋势探讨

[摘要]?目前研究已知HBV有多种基因型，不同基因型在不同的种族、地域方面分布特点不同且HBV基因型是造成慢性感染自然史差异的原因之一，它们在感染的临床表现和抗病毒治疗的反应中起着重要作用。检测HBV基因型和了解HBV不同基因型对疾病预后的影响，对评估患者疾病结局和指导临床规划最佳治疗方案具有重要意义。 　　[关键词]　乙型肝炎病毒；基因型；基因突变；治疗     

Simultaneous Determination of Six Compounds in Rat Plasma by Ultra‑Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Application in the Pharmacokinetic Study of Qing Gan‑Shu Yu‑Fang

A rapid and high selective ultra?performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of six compounds including albiflorin, paeoniflorin, picroside I, picroside II, saikosaponin A, and saikosaponin D in rat plasma was developed and validated using butyl p-hydroxybenzoate as an internal standard. One-step direct protein precipitation with acetonitrile was used to extract the compounds from the rat plasma samples. Chromatographic separation was achieved using an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min, using gradient mode containing 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile were used as the Mobile phase A and B. Electrospray ionization in negative ion mode and multiple reaction monitoring were used to identify and quantify active components. Calibration curves showed good linearity (R2 > 0.9908) over a wide concentration range for all compounds. The intra- and interday precision (relative standard deviation) ranged 2.4%–7.0% and 2.6%–8.0%, respectively. The accuracy (relative error) was from ?13.0% to 13.2% at all quality control levels. The recovery ranged from 81.1% to 92.5%. The validated method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study in rats after oral administration of Qing Gan?Shu Yu?Fang. The results show that one can draw a conclusion that these six active ingredients can be quickly absorbed and play a pharmacodynamic role rapidly in vivo.     

昆明地区慢性乙型肝炎患者替诺福韦酯耐药突变位点情况调查

目的分析昆明地区慢性乙型肝炎患者,不同HBV基因型和替诺福韦酯耐药相关位点的突变情况,并分析替诺福韦酯耐药位点突变与HBV-DNA量和HBe Ag之间的关系。方法选取昆明市第三人民医院2017年5月至2019年3月期间,住院及门诊就医的2707例慢性乙肝患者,采用Sanger测序法进行常见的核苷(酸)类治疗乙肝病毒的相关耐药基因突变位点检测,分析不同HBV基因型和替诺福韦酯耐药相关位点的突变情况,并分析替诺福韦酯耐药位点突变与HBV-DNA量和HBe Ag之间的关系。结果 2707例患者中,共有52例(1.92%,52/2707)患者检测到替诺福韦酯耐药相关位点的突变,变异率为1.92%。52例患者中HBV基因型以C型为主65.38%(34/52),B型次之占34.62%(18/52)。检出与替诺福韦酯(TDF)耐药相关位点突变(A194T、N236T、A181T/V),耐药不敏感性I (1.92%,52/2707)。其中A181T/V位点单独突变率最高(19.23%),N236T位点单独突变率次之(15.38%);检出与替诺福韦酯耐药相关位点单独变异情况,在HBV-DNA中、低水平两... 更多     

Advantages of Anti-Inflammatory Acupuncture in Treating Sepsis of Coronavirus Disease 2019

Background: Sepsisis one of the mostserious complications and a leading cause of death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In general, it isthe result of an unregulated inflammatory cascade such as a postinfection “cytokine storm.” The conventional treatment mainly relies on glucocorticoids, of which curative effects are not ideal, as they come with significant side effects. It is critical to seek or develop other effective therapeutics in dealing cytokine storm to fight COVID-19 with sepsis. Aims and Objectives: Raise awareness of the significance applying anti-inflammatory acupuncture in dealing COVID-19 patients with sepsis and provide an appropriate acupuncture protocol that can be easily integrated into existing medical guideline. Materials and Methods: Current evidences from animal experiments and clinical trials about acupuncture in treating infectious sepsis are reviewed, and a detailed discussion on advantages of anti?inflammatory acupuncture is followed, then the rationality on the point selection and stimulation parameters of acupuncture is analyzed to propose an appropriate acupuncture protocol. Results: Current experiments have shown that acupuncture can play a significant role to improve inflammation reaction and reduce mortality in infectious animal and patients with sepsis and its mechanisms are mainly achieved by stimulating the vagus?cholinergic anti?inflammatory pathways.Applying acupuncture in treating COVID-19 patients with sepsis hasfour aspects of advantages. Moreover, a simple and convenient clinical acupuncture protocol including point selection and appropriate stimulation parameters is proposed. Conclusion: Acupuncture, especially electroacupuncture, has shown potentials in effectively treating infectious sepsis of animal models and critically ill patients in small sample studies by stimulating the nervous system, but has been largely overlooked in the clinic so far. It is advised that acupuncture should be integrated into the existing medical guidelines in dealing with COVID-19 complicated with sepsis.     

急性乙型肝炎患者pDCs上CD86表达变化及意义

目的 探讨外周血浆细胞样树突状细胞(pDCs)在急性乙型肝炎(AHB）患者临床转归中的变化及作用。方法 纳入2015年6月至2017年5月收治的急性乙型肝炎(AHB组)患者40例， 给予退黄、降酶、保肝等药物，并加用恩替卡韦0．5 mg空腹口服，1次/d。另纳入健康体检者26例为健康对照组（ HC组）。HC组于体检当天、AHB组于治疗前及治疗后6周采集外周静脉全血，采用ELISA法检测2组血浆HBV DNA、HBsAg、HbeAg及肝功能指标水平，并应用流式细胞仪检测pDCs的频数及其功能分子CD86的表达水平。结果 治疗6周后，AHB组临床症状显著缓解，血清学指标和乙型肝炎标志物水平显著下降（P<0.01）。治疗6周后，AHB组HBV DNA转阴率为82.5%，HBsAg清除率为72.5%，HBeAg血清学转换率为75.0%，与治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）, HC组pDCs频数显著高于AHB组治疗前。AHB组治疗后CD86+pDCs显著高于治疗前。HC组CD86ABC显著低于AHB组治疗前。结论 在急性乙型肝炎患者外周血pDCs的数量降低。急性乙型肝炎患者在治疗后CD86+pDCs增多。急性乙型肝炎患者pDCs上CD86表达上调。     

小檗碱通过影响糖原结构调节肝糖代谢研究

目的探讨小檗碱调节糖原代谢的机制及对糖原结构的影响。方法采用自发型糖尿病模型db/db小鼠作为疾病模型鼠,考察小檗碱对db/db小鼠血糖水平的影响;提取小鼠的肝糖原进行体积排阻色谱(SEC)和透射电镜(TEM)分析,考察小檗碱对db/db小鼠肝糖原的结构影响,并探讨其影响机制。结果小檗碱可以显著性降低db/db小鼠的空腹血糖,降低db/db小鼠血清胰岛素水平;改善db/db小鼠肝糖原的结构不稳定性;降低db/db小鼠肝组织中糖原磷酸化酶(GP)、糖原脱分支酶(GDBE)和环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)表达水平,降低血清胰高血糖素水平。结论小檗碱可以调控cAMP/GP信号通路,改善db/db小鼠的肝糖原结构,修复受损糖原结构,这可能是其调节肝糖代谢,改善糖尿病症状的机制之一。