足趾移植拇指与手指再造的临床研究

目的探讨足趾移植拇指与手指再造的方法和疗效。方法采用部分坶趾移植拇指部分再造22例,躅甲瓣或带足背皮瓣船甲瓣移植拇指再造13例,第2足趾移植再造拇指4例,再造手指3例,及带足背皮瓣的第2足趾移植再造拇指7例,带足背皮瓣的第2,3足趾移植再造手指7例,带足背皮瓣的躅甲瓣或第2趾和第2,3趾组合移植再造拇手指10例,双足第2足趾移植全手缺失二指再造2例,共68例97指。结果再造拇手指和皮瓣全部成活,成活率为100％,术后经3月～10年的随访和信访,按中华医学会手外科学会拇、手指再造功能评定试用标准评定：优62指,良24指,可9指,差2指,优良率达88．66％。结论采用部棚趾、第2足趾棚甲瓣移植再造拇手指,带足背皮瓣的躅甲瓣、第2趾或第2,3趾组合移植行合并手部皮肤缺损的拇手指再造,效果满意。     

拇指皮肤软组织缺损的修复

拇指软组织缺损临床上十分常见,在手外伤中也占有相当一部分比例。因拇指功能的特殊性,拇指软组织缺损,将导致手和手指功能一定程度的丧失。为保持拇指和手的良好外形和功能,临床上常用皮瓣来修复缺损,如何选择合理的皮瓣修复,将是本文的讨论重点。     

Iron-Deficiency Induces Cadmium Uptake and Accumulation in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Solanum nigrum</Emphasis> L.

Phytoremediation is a promising tool in removing pollutants from the environment or in rendering them harmless. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of iron-deficiency on the uptake of cadmium by Solanum nigrum L. Results showed that iron-deficiency induced cadmium uptake, biomass decrease and changes in pH and Eh in hydroponic culture. Under iron-deficiency status, the decrease in pH and the increase in Eh might result in higher cadmium availability. Bioconcentration and translocation factors indicated that iron-deficiency status affected cadmium accumulation and translocation in Solanum nigrum L.     

Assessment of Rotational Instability with Disruption of the Accessory Collateral Ligament of the Thumb MCP Joint: A Biomechanical Study

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this paper was to biomechanically investigate rotational stability of the thumb after ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) and accessory collateral ligament (ACL) disruption and repair at the metacarpal joint of the thumb. METHODS: Twelve fresh frozen adult cadaveric thumbs were used. The torsion test was performed under constant rotation of 1/s through 30 arc of metacarpal phalangeal (MCP) joint. The torsional resistance was determined for four categories: first no intervention of the UCL structures (control), next with the proper UCL cut at the distal insertion, then with the additional ACL ligament cut, and lastly with the repair of only the proper UCL. The decrease on the amount of torsional rigidity for each of the last three categories was determined and compared. Each thumb was used as its own control. Significance of the differences in each test categories was statistically determined. RESULTS: After the proper UCL was cut, the torsional rigidity of the MCP joint was reduced 35.18 +/- 17.56% (p < 0.001). When, additionally, the ACL was cut, the torsional rigidity of the MCP joint was further reduced to 49.34 +/- 16.82% (P < 0.001). After repair of only the proper UCL, the torsional rigidity of the MCP joint improved, but still showed a considerable reduction from controls. The amount of reduction was not consistent among specimens and was 13.52 +/- 16.40%. CONCLUSIONS: The ACL ligament is a contributor of rotary stability as well as a provider of lateral stability. Leaving the ruptured ACL unrepaired causes some residual rotating instability and that may lead to future rotational instability of the MCP joint.     

An unusual case of preaxial polydactyly of the hand (triplication of the thumbs)

Preaxial polydactyly is the most common duplication pattern in white and Asian populations (1). It is a congenital anomaly with a wide range of manifestations. Current classification do not have the capacity to classify all different types of radial polydactyly. We describe here a very rare and unusual case of bilateral preaxial polydactyly (triplication) in a woman and report the operations results. We have not found similar case in the literature. Our case is unique and did not fit into the classification systems described for thumb polydactyly.     

足趾移植再造手指464例

目的：研究获得足趾移植成活的因素。方法：通过４６４例５１１趾移植，其中第２趾近节以远移植８０例，第２或第２、３趾带足背皮瓣移植２１４例，其余为单纯第２趾，第２、３趾及甲皮瓣移植１７０例。结果：足趾移植全部成活，随访再造的拇、手指均获较好的功能。结论：严格无创伤性操作，防止足趾切取时血管的创伤或误伤；精确无误的显微血管吻合，保证吻合口通畅；彻底解除足趾离体后血管的痉挛等是获得足趾移植成活的关键。     

拇短屈肌重建拇对掌功能在断腕再植术后的应用

目的 探讨断腕再植术后的拇对掌功能重建的临床效果。方法 腕关节活动受限是断腕再植术后常见的并发症，也使晚期对掌功能重建受到制约。临床上，对8例断腕再植术后成活尺神经深支功能恢复较佳者，采用拇短屈肌移位重建拇对掌功能，弥补了不足。结果 术后随访1—6个月，疗效满意，达到最佳功能，能从事原有工作。结论 断腕再植后，对拇对掌功能丧失或恢复不足者，采用拇短屈肌移位重建拇对掌功能是一种较为理想的方法。     

桡侧腕长伸肌腱与拇长展肌腱重建韧带治疗拇指腕掌关节脱位

在手外科工作中，拇指腕掌关节脱位比较常见，治疗方法比较多，但为了使此关节稳定，就必须行韧带重建术。根据拇指腕掌关节的解剖学特点及力学分析，我们应用了桡侧腕长伸肌腱与拇长展肌腱各一半的腱束交叉重建拇指腕掌关节韧带治疗拇指腕掌关节脱位。从１９８７年～１９９０年对１１例病人１２个拇指进行了治疗，术后随访２年以上，疗效满意。我们认为，这种方法比较简单、损伤小，值得推广。     

复拇指畸形391例临床治疗分析

目的总结复拇指畸形的临床治疗体会。方法总结20年来经手术治疗的复拇指畸形391例病例，就其手术时机、治疗方法和术后继发畸形的原因进行回顾性分析。结果术后随访123例（137侧），随访时间为2-15年，参照Kawabata评分方法，优52例（58侧），良36例（40侧），差35例（39侧）。其中从生后6个月-1岁手术者随访到45例（51侧），优22例（24侧），良15例（17侧），差8例（10侧）。术后继发畸形进行二次手术治疗的患者有47例（55侧）。结论复拇指畸形的手术年龄应选择在生后6个月-3岁为宜，术前详细评估、术中正确处理和术后长期随访是复拇指畸形治疗的关键。