冠心病患者治疗前后血清SOD、ET及T淋巴细胞亚群水平

目的:探讨了冠心病患者治疗前后血清SOD、ET及T淋巴细胞亚群水平。方法:分别应用放免法和单克隆抗体法对42例冠心病患者进行了血清SOD、ET及T淋巴细胞亚群水平检测,并与35名正常健康人作比较。结果:冠心病患者在治疗前血清ET水平显著地高于正常人组(P<0.01),而SOD和CD4/CD8比值明显地低于正常人组(P<0.01),经治疗后一个月则与正常人组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:检测冠心病患者血清SOD、ET及T淋巴细胞亚群水平对判断病情及其预后均具有一定的临床实用价值。     

川芎嗪对冠心病血瘀证患者血浆内皮素的影响及其动态变化

目的：探讨冠心病发病过程中内皮素（ET）的作用及川芎嗪对冠心病患者血浆ET水平的动态影响,方法：采用放免测定法,测定22例冠心病患者,28例健康人（对照组）血浆ET含量,同时测定22例冠心病患者分别用5％葡萄糖液（葡萄糖组）与盐酸川芎嗪注射液（川芎嗪组）在10．30,60,120,300min对血浆E水平的动态变化,结果：冠心病组血浆ET含量明显高于对照组（P＜0．01）,冠心病葡萄糖组（GS）组示应用5％葡萄糖液对血浆ET无影响,冠心病川芎唪组（TMP组）用药60,120min时血浆ET水平与GS组相应时间段血浆ET水平比明显下降（P＜0．01）,10,30,300min TMP组血浆ET水平与GS组相应时间段血浆ET水平,无明显变化,结论：ET在冠心病的发病过程中有重要作用,川芎嗪可迅速降低冠心病患者血浆ET水平,其作用强度可能与血浆中川芎嗪浓度有关,且血药浓度与效应间存在延迟关系,作者认为,这种内源性物质的测定,可能为确定川芎嗪有效治疗血药浓度提供了新的思路。     

脑血管痉挛大鼠血和脑组织ET—1、NO含量动脉变化的研究

目的：探讨内皮素（ET）－1和一氧化氮（NO）在蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）后脑血管痉挛（CVS）及脑缺血性损害中的作用。方法：采用非开颅法大鼠SAH模型,检测24h内血及脑组织中NO和ET－1含量,并测定脑微区血流（rCBF）和基底动脉管径。结果：大鼠SAH后30min基底动脉管径缩小,rCBF持续下降;血NO减少,ET－1增多;脑组织NO和ET－1均增加。结论：血NO减少,ET增多系SAH后CVS发生的原因之一;脑组织NO和ET增多则加重脑损伤。     

幼龄SHR大鼠肾脏内皮素系统的改变

目的 观察幼龄高血压大鼠肾脏内皮素－1（ET－1）及其A、B受体的改变。方法 采用免疫组化和RT－PCR方法检测7周龄SHR大鼠肾脏ET－1及其A、B受体mRNA和蛋白水平。结果 与WKY对照组相比,SHR大鼠存在明显的高血压和尿钠、尿量排泄下降,血浆及肾组织中ET含量无显著异常,但是肾血管ETA受体的mRNA和蛋白水平明显升高,而肾脏ET－1及B受体的表达无改变。结论 肾血管ETA受体明显上调可能参与了幼龄高血压大鼠肾脏水钠潴留。     

Urinary endothelin excretion in the neonate: influence of maturity and perinatal pathology

The present study was undertaken to establish the developmental pattern of urinary endothelin-1 (ET-1) excretion and to define its possible role in mediating pathophysiological changes related to perinatal asphyxia/infection and dopamine treatment. Urinary ET-1 levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in 7 full-term neonates (mean gestational age 39.3 weeks) on days 1, 3 and 5, and in 9 pre-term neonates (mean gestational age 30.8 weeks) on days 1, 3, 5, 7 and weekly thereafter for 5 consecutive, weeks. The results were compared with those of three age-groups of 30 normal children (4–8 years, 9–12 years and 13–18 years); each group, consisted of 10 children. The influence of severe cardiopulmonary distress (n=16, mean gestational age 33.9 weeks, post-natal age 3.3 days) and dopamine administration in a dose of 2 g/min per kg (n=10, mean gestational and post-natal ages 32.1 weeks and 5.6 days, respectively) were also studied. In full-term infants, ET-1 concentration fell from 34.3±1.8 pmol/l on day 1 to 21.5±1.5 pmol/l on day 5 (P<0.01). In premature infants its absolute value and its post-natal fall were similar in the 1st week and no further change occurred in weeks 2–5; it stabilized at levels between 17.1±2.2 and 16.7±1.7 pmol/l. These concentrations tended to be lower than those of 25.5±1.3, 23.0±1.0 and 26.2±0.7 pmol/l measured in three groups of older children. During the 1st week, daily ET-1 excretion remained unchanged in term infants (3.1±1.0 vs. 3.7±1.5 pmol/m² per day), but there was a significant increase from 6.5±1.0 to 12.4±0.7 pmol/m² per day (P<0.01) in premature infants. During weeks 2–5, preterm infants excreted more ET-1 than older children (P<0.01). In response to perinatal ashphyxia/infection and dopamine therapy, urinary ET-1 excretion markedly rose and there was a significant positive correlation between urine flow rate and ET-1 excretion (P<0.001). We conclude that ET-1 concentration rather than excretion rate may have a role in mediating the changes in renal functions that occur soon after birth. The pathophysiological significance of the flow-dependent increase in urinary ET-1 excretion needs to be further studied.     

Alleviation of hypoxic pulmonary vascular structural remodeling by L-arginine

目的探讨L-精氨酸(L-Arg)对低氧性肺血管结构重建的干预作用及其可能机制.方法将18只Wistar大鼠配伍后随机分为对照组、低氧组和低氧+L-Arg组(共6个配伍组).以右心导管法测定肺动脉压力,并对大鼠肺组织标本进行显微结构观测和超微结构观察,同时以分光光度法测定血浆一氧化氮(NO)含量,并对肺组织以内皮素-1(ET-1) cRNA探针进行原位杂交,研究肺动脉内皮细胞ET-1 mRNA的表达.结果低氧组大鼠肺动脉平均压明显高于对照组(20.33±2.18?mm?Hg vs 15.38±1.05?mm?Hg, P<0.05).低氧后大鼠肺血管显微及超微结构发生明显改变,肺血管结构重建形成.同时低氧组大鼠血浆NO间接含量明显低于对照组 (P<0.05 ).低氧后肺动脉内皮细胞ET-1 mRNA表达明显增强.然而,低氧+L-Arg组大鼠PAMP较低氧组明显降低(16.73±1.35?mm?Hg vs 20.33±2.18?mm?Hg, P<0.05).L-Arg缓解了低氧性肺血管结构重建的形成.同时低氧+L-Arg组大鼠血浆NO间接含量明显高于低氧组(P<0.05).L-Arg使低氧大鼠肺动脉内皮细胞ET-1 mRNA表达明显受抑制.结论 L-Arg对低氧性肺血管结构重建以及低氧性肺动脉高压的形成有重要的调节作用,其机制可能与通过促进低氧大鼠体内NO生成,从而抑制肺动脉内皮细胞ET-1 mRNA表达有一定的关系.     

脓毒症和脓毒性休克大鼠一些脏器内皮素-1和内皮素A受体基因表达的变化

目的 :探讨实验动物脓毒症和脓毒性休克时内皮素 - 1(endothelin- 1,ET- 1)和内皮素 A受体 (ETAR)基因在肺、肾和小肠粘膜中的表达情况以及各脏器功能受损情况。方法 :2 4只雄性大鼠随机分为正常组、对照组、脓毒症组和脓毒性休克组 ;通过持续静脉泵注大肠杆菌内毒素 (L PS)复制大鼠脓毒症和脓毒性休克模型 ;运用反转录 -聚合酶链反应 (RT- PCR)以葡萄糖- 6 -磷酸脱氢酶 (G- 6 - PD)基因为内参照基因 ,分别检测脓毒症和脓毒性休克组肺、肾脏和小肠粘膜组织 ET- 1和 ETAR基因表达情况 ,同时检测其血清丙氨酸转氨酶 (AL T)、白蛋白 (A )、尿素氮 (BU N)、肌酐 (Cr)和动脉血气的变化。结果 :脓毒症和脓毒性休克组大鼠脏器组织 ET- 1和 ETAR基因表达产物较正常组和对照组均明显增加 (P <0 .0 1) ;脓毒性休克组大鼠血清AL T、BUN和 Cr较正常组、对照组和脓毒症组均显著上升 (P<0 .0 1) ,脓毒症组上述指标也较正常组明显上升 (P<0 .0 1) ;脓毒症组和脓毒性休克组早期动脉血气分析为低氧和呼吸性碱中毒 ,脓毒性休克组后期出现明显的低氧血症和 CO2 潴留。 结论 :ET- 1和 ETAR参与了脓毒症和脓毒性休克的病理生理过程 ,且很可能是参与脓毒症和脓毒性休克并发多脏器功能障碍综合征 (MODS)启动的因子之一。     

内皮素—1在慢性低氧高二氧化碳大鼠支气管中的定位表达

目的：观察内皮素－1（ET－1）的慢性缺氧高二氧化碳大鼠支气管中的表达及分布,认识慢性缺高二氧化碳环境与ET－1表达、分布的关系。方法：用原位杂交技术,对慢性缺氧高二氧化碳大鼠支气管中的ET－1的表达进行定位研究,结果：ET－1mRNA在慢性缺氧高二氧化碳大鼠的支气管上皮细胞和平滑肌细胞中广泛表达,特别是在Clara细胞和社会上皮小体的游离面胞浆中的呈强阳性染色。结论：慢性缺氧高二氧化碳大鼠支气管中ET-1mRNA主要定位于Clara细胞和神经上皮小体的游离面胞浆。缺氧高二氧化碳可能是刺激ET－1在肺部合成及释放增加的主要原因。     

I型内皮素受体反义寡聚核苷酸抑制VSMC增殖及内膜增生

目的　观察 型内皮素受体 (ETA)反义寡核苷酸(ODN)对血管平滑肌细胞 (VSMC)增殖和内膜增生的抑制作用 .方法　 1细胞培养 :取家兔主动脉中膜消化后培养传代 ,经抗 α- actin鉴定后使用第 4～ 6代传代细胞 ;2人工合成ODN:经 Genbank检索筛选 ,合成含 18bp ETA- ODN片段 ,再对 5 端硫代修饰以增加稳定性 ,同时行地高辛标记以检测反义片段的细胞膜穿透性 ;3 MTT分光光度法检测 ETA-ODN对 VSMC增殖的抑制作用 ;4运用放射受体结合分析法 (1 2 5I- ET- 1)了解 ODN对 ETA蛋白表达的抑制作用 ,以探讨其反义作用 ;5兔颈动脉空气干燥模型在体研究 ODN对血管内膜增生的抑制作用 :应用 F- 12 7凝胶载体携带 ETA-ODN(3.0μmol· L- 1 )导入血管周围 ,术后不同时间观察增生内膜相对厚度 .结果　 ODN于培养后 12 h进入细胞内 ,并逐渐增加 ;15 μmol· L- 1 ETA- ODN对 VSMC增殖具有抑制作用 ,2 4h后即有显著作用 ;ETA- ODN对 ETA表达亦有明显的抑制作用 ,表现为 CPM于 2 4h逐渐减少 ;ETA- ODN导入后 ,血管增生内膜相对厚度减少 .结论　 ETA- ODN以浓度和时间依赖方式抑制 ETA蛋白表达以及 VSMC的增殖 ;反义寡核苷酸是通过反义机制实现对 ETA蛋白和 VSMC增殖的抑制作用     

Study on Relevance of Endothelin to Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Associated with Long-Term Subdermal Implants Use

Objective To investigate the relationship between estradiol, progesterone and endothelin (ET) and abnormal uterine bleeding after using sub-dermal contraceptive implant Materials & methods A prospective self-control clinical trial was conducted in 29 women in the self-control group. Blood samples were obtained on four occasions across the different phases of menstrual cycle before and after using implant. A blood sample was taken for a single determination in another 59 women in the already-use implant group. Plasma of estradiol, progesterone and endothelin were determined by using radioimmunoassays (RIA) in both groups.Results The level of estradiol and progesterone had no significant differences in women before and after using implant in self-control group. The level of estradiol,progesterone had no differences between women with normal and abnormal menstrual cycle in both groups. The levels of plasma endothelin (ET) in women with abnormal bleeding pattern were higher than women with normal bleeding pattern, but difference was not significant. Women with abnormal bleeding pattern had significantly higher ET level than that in women with normal bleeding pattern before using implants,especially in early-proliferative phase and mid-proliferative phase. the level of plasma endothelin was significantly higher in women with disturbed bleeding pattern than that in normal women in the already-use group.Conclusion High serum concentrations of ET are likely to be correlated with abnormal uterine bleeding in long-term subdermal contraceptive implants users.