Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and its association with human longevity in the Uygur nationality in Xinjiang

Objective To study the relationship between apoE alleles and life-span.Methods Apolipoprotein E genotypes were determined in 164 unrelated Uygurs including 35 persons aged 90 years or older, 71 men aged 20-35 and 54 men with myocardial in farction by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymor phism.Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism was analyzed among three groups. Results There was statistically significant difference in the ε4 allele frequencies amo ng three groups.The ε4 allele frequency in olds was the lowest (0.057), whil e in patients suffering from myocardial infarction (MI) was the highest (0.213) .In MI patients the average age of first attack in ε4 allele carriers was sig nificantly younger than that of non-carries, 51.3 and 58.3 years, respectivel y (P<0.05).Conclusion ApoE genotype may have some impact on human longevity.     

瘤体注射IL-2重组腺病毒基因治疗小鼠胶质母细胞瘤及其免疫机制的初步探讨

目的：观察瘤体直接注射IL－2重组腺病毒对G422皮下荷瘤的治疗作用,对体内基因转染效率及治疗的免疫机制进行初步分析。方法：将LacZ,IL-2重组腺病毒直接注射到皮下接种的G422胶质母细胞瘤瘤体,X－gal染色检测基因转染的效率,观察肿瘤的大小和荷瘤小鼠的存活期,采用4h^51Cr释放法检测荷瘤小鼠脾细胞诱导的NK、LAK、CTL的杀伤活性,对治疗后的肿瘤进行常规病理分析。结果：采用瘤体注射腺病毒具有较高的体内基因转染效率,瘤体注射IL－2重组腺病毒对皮下建立的胶质母细胞瘤有一定的治疗作用,肿瘤的生长受抑制,荷瘤小鼠的存活期显延长,但没有长期存活小鼠。IL－2基因治疗组小鼠脾细胞的LAK、CTL杀伤活性显增强,肿瘤局部出现更多的坏死和炎性浸润细胞。结论：采用瘤体直接注射IL－2重组腺病毒对胶质母细胞瘤皮下荷瘤有治疗,其机制可能是增强了宿主的局部和全身抗肿瘤免疫反应。     

A novel mis-sense mutation (G1381A) in the G6PD gene identified in a Chinese man

Objective　To detect new mutations among 29 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficient individuals from Yunnan province. Methods　The nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) method was used to screen G6PD deficient individuals. Mutation was identified by single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), amplification created restriction site (ACRS), amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) and DNA sequencing. Results　Among 29 cases, 18 cases of G1388A, 1 case of C1004A, and 1 case of G1381A were identified. Nine cases remained to be defined. The G1381A mutation is a novel mis-sense mutation, with a substitution of threonine for alanine (A461T). The resultant G6PD had reduced enzymatic activity. In addition, G1381A caused a restriction site of Stu I to disappear, providing a rapid method for the detection of this mutation. Conclusion　A novel mis-sense mutation G1381A was found. This mutation results in a substitution of threonine for alanine, producing enzyme with reduced activity. The loss of the Stu I restriction site offers a rapid method for the detection of this mutation.     

Retroviral vector containing human p16 gene and its inhibitory effect on Bcap -37 breast cancer cells

目的　研究p16基因对肿瘤细胞生长抑制及细胞周期阻滞作用。方法　将p16cDNA插入逆转录病毒载体pLXSN构建成p16基因逆转录病毒重组体pLp16SN。利用基因转染方法 ,将pLp16SN及pLXSN导入逆转录病毒包装细胞系PA317细胞 ,获得逆转录病毒。用逆转录病毒感染Bcap 37乳腺癌细胞 ,经G4 18筛选获阳性克隆。利用Northern和Westernblotting方法检测p16基因的表达。检测转基因细胞的生长速度 ,细胞周期及裸鼠成瘤等细胞生物学行为的改变。结果　Northern及Westernblotting显示转染p16基因的Bcap 37细胞p16基因mRNA及蛋白质表达明显增高。此细胞较未转染基因的Bcap 37细胞和转染空载体的Bcap 37细胞生长速度慢 ,G1期细胞比率增高 ,裸鼠接种成瘤体积小。结论　p16基因高表达能够抑制乳腺癌细胞Bcap 37的生长 ,并阻滞细胞从G1期进入S期     

The role of sexual related Y gene detection in the diagnosis of patients with gonadal dysgenesis

Objective To clarify the role of sexual related Y (SRY) gene detection in the diagnosis of gonadal dysgenesis.Methods Sixteen cases of gonadal dysgenesis were included in this study: 5 with androgen insensitivity syndrome, 1 with 17-α-hydroxylase deficiency, 4 with true herm aphrodite, 2 with 45,X/46,XY gonadal dysgenesis, 1 with 45,X gonadal dysgenesis, 1 with XY pure gonadal dysgenesis, 1 with testicular regression, and 1 XY fema le who gave birth to a normal baby. SRY gene was detected by using polymerase c hain reaction (PCR) in blood and gonad samples and by direct sequencing of the S RY motif. Results Among the 16 cases, 15 were blood SRY positive, among which 13 (86.7%) showed t he presence of testicular tissue, and 2 showed ovaries without testicular tissue . One SRY negative case showed the presence of testicular tissue. In 3 cases, SRY detection in gonadal tissue correlated with pathological findings but not wi th blood karyotype. The correlation between peripheral blood SRY and the pathol ogy of the gonads was 81.25% and the correlation between the presence of periph eral blood Y chromosome and pathology of the gonads was 68.75%. Sequencing of the SRY motif in an XY female who gave birth to a normal baby showed no mutatio n.Conclusions SRY detection is more sensitive and specific than blood karyotype in the predic tion of the presence of testicular tissue. Peripheral blood karyotype does not necessarily reflect gonadal type. There may be testicular related factors other than the SRY gene.     

Analysis of hypermutation of the 5’ noncoding region in the BC L-6 gene

Objective To investigate BCL-6 gene mutations in Chinese populations with B-cell non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma.Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and direct DNA sequencing were used to identify mutations in the 5’ noncoding re gion of the BCL-6 gene in a total of 40 cases of diffuse large-cell lymphoma ( DLCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL).Results Nine cases were found to have base substitutions.The incidence of BCL-6 gene mutation and the frequency of single-base changes were approximately 25.7% an d (0.56-1.10)×10(-2)/bp, respectively.Conclusions The 5’ regulatory region of the BCL-6 gene undergoes frequent somatic hypermuta tion during lymphomagenesis and the identification of BCL-6 gene hypermutations provides a molecular marker for confirmatory diagnosis of B-NHL.     

甲型流感病毒H9N2亚型毒株血凝素基因特性的研究

目的　了解人甲型流感病毒H9N2亚型毒株的来源及从分子生物学角度来弄清不同宿主来源的H9N2亚型毒株间相互关系。方法　病毒在鸡胚中传代 ,从收获的尿囊液中提取病毒粒RNA ,通过逆转录合成cDNA。cDNA通过PCR进行扩增 ,接着PCR产物用纯化试剂盒进行纯化。而后 ,RNA序列测定是采用双脱氧链末端终止和克隆法。最后用MegAlign( 1.0 3版 )和Editseq( 3.69版 )软件进行种系发生学分析。结果　从中国所分离出的H9N2亚型毒株。它们的HA1与HA2间裂解部位的氨基酸序列均为R S S R ,除一株鸽病毒其HA蛋白分子上仅含 7个潜在的糖基化位点外 ,而其余的均含 8个。 6株H9N2毒株HA蛋白分子上氨基酸序列有 2 - 16个不同 ,这些不同分布在 2 4个不同的位点上。近来在中国同时流行着多种HA基因系的H9N2亚型毒株。结论　人甲型流感病毒H9N2亚型毒株可能性最大来自鸡的H9N2毒株 ,而不是来源于鸽的H9N2毒株。但 ,H9N2毒株是否具有人传人能力 ,至今仍不清楚。在中国同时流行着多种HA基因系的H9N2毒株。     

脓毒症和脓毒性休克大鼠一些脏器内皮素-1和内皮素A受体基因表达的变化

目的 :探讨实验动物脓毒症和脓毒性休克时内皮素 - 1(endothelin- 1,ET- 1)和内皮素 A受体 (ETAR)基因在肺、肾和小肠粘膜中的表达情况以及各脏器功能受损情况。方法 :2 4只雄性大鼠随机分为正常组、对照组、脓毒症组和脓毒性休克组 ;通过持续静脉泵注大肠杆菌内毒素 (L PS)复制大鼠脓毒症和脓毒性休克模型 ;运用反转录 -聚合酶链反应 (RT- PCR)以葡萄糖- 6 -磷酸脱氢酶 (G- 6 - PD)基因为内参照基因 ,分别检测脓毒症和脓毒性休克组肺、肾脏和小肠粘膜组织 ET- 1和 ETAR基因表达情况 ,同时检测其血清丙氨酸转氨酶 (AL T)、白蛋白 (A )、尿素氮 (BU N)、肌酐 (Cr)和动脉血气的变化。结果 :脓毒症和脓毒性休克组大鼠脏器组织 ET- 1和 ETAR基因表达产物较正常组和对照组均明显增加 (P <0 .0 1) ;脓毒性休克组大鼠血清AL T、BUN和 Cr较正常组、对照组和脓毒症组均显著上升 (P<0 .0 1) ,脓毒症组上述指标也较正常组明显上升 (P<0 .0 1) ;脓毒症组和脓毒性休克组早期动脉血气分析为低氧和呼吸性碱中毒 ,脓毒性休克组后期出现明显的低氧血症和 CO2 潴留。 结论 :ET- 1和 ETAR参与了脓毒症和脓毒性休克的病理生理过程 ,且很可能是参与脓毒症和脓毒性休克并发多脏器功能障碍综合征 (MODS)启动的因子之一。     

钙调蛋白基因缺陷HIS3酵母菌株的构建和鉴定

目的：构建白念珠菌钙调蛋白基因（CMD1）缺陷HS3酵母菌体,为进一步探讨钙调蛋白基因突变对真菌生长周期及致病性的影响奠定基础。方法：首先将含cmd1::TRP1置换序列的质粒I转化二倍体酵母菌株YPH501(his3trplural）,经Soutthern印迹法筛选出含TRP1序列的菌株。其次,将含CMD1序列的质粒Ⅱ转化以上TRP1阳性菌株,进行减数分裂后选择得到TRP1阳性酵母菌株单倍体。最后,将含trp1:HIS3置换序列质粒Ⅲ转化上述TRP1阳性单倍体菌株,用不含His培养基培养得到钙调蛋白基因缺陷HIS3酵母菌株。结果：经Southern印迹法证实cmd1：TRP1基因置换克隆;减数分裂后选择得到了TRP1阳性酵母菌株单倍体;质粒Ⅲ转化单倍体后经不含His培养基培养得到CMD1缺陷HIS3菌株,接种于不含Trp倍养基上未见有菌落生长,说明质粒Ⅲ转化单倍体后已将his3TRP1转换成HIS3trp1。结论：成功构建了钙调蛋白基因缺陷HIS3酵母菌株,基因型为cmd1trp1HIS3。     

血管生成抑素endostatin的表达、纯化及活性研究

目的：将从人胎肝组织克隆的血管生成抑素endostatin基因进行原核表达、纯化,检测重组endostatin的生物学活性。方法：利用原核表达载体pBV220在大肠杆菌DH5α中表达endostatin,利用肝素Sepharose亲和层析及SephacrylS-200分子筛纯化;通过体外内皮细胞（ECV304）增殖实验及体内鸡胚尿囊膜（CAM）新生血管实验检测其抑制活性。结果：Endo-statin在DH5α中的表达率为28.5%,纯化后纯度可达90.5%.En dostatin可明显抑制体外培养的内皮细胞增殖.IC50为72ug/ml;20时使细胞于48h发生明显凋亡;200ug/ml的endostatin可使CAM新生血管化率下降30%.结论:研究结果表明endostatin对内皮细胞具有明显抑制作用.提示其在肿瘤及新生血管性疾病的治疗中有潜在的应用前景。