Étude de faisabilité : l’utilisation de l’imagerie médicale en éducation thérapeutique en radiothérapie

PurposeAssess the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) exploring the use of medical imaging as a therapeutic education (TPE) intervention in external radiation therapy.Materials and methodsExperimental feasibility trial of “RCT” type carried out in a single-center, between November 2019 and March 2020, following adult patients treated by thoracic radiotherapy. In addition to the information usually given, the experimental group benefited from an intervention consisting in the visualization of their own medical images using the open-source software “Stone of Orthanc”.ResultsForty-nine patients were recruited with a refusal rate of 8.16% (4/49). 20 patients were withdrawn from the study for health reasons (COVID), 10 for medical reasons. All the remaining 15 participants completed the process. Although not significant, the experimental group showed a median gain in the perception of knowledge compared to the control group (+ 1.9 (1.6 – 2.2)) vs (+ 1.4 (1.4 – 1.8)), as well as a decrease in scores related to anxiety (? 3.0 (?4.5 - (?2.0)) vs ? 1.0 (?5.0 - 0.0)) and emotional distress ((? 5.0 (? 7.5 - (? 3.5)) vs (? 2.0 (? 5.0 - (? 1.0)) A significant reduction (p = 0.043) is observed for the depression score ((? 2.0 (?3.0 - (?1.5)) vs (0.0 (0.0 – 0.0)).ConclusionThis study demonstrates the feasibility of the project, with promising preliminary results. Some adaptations in order to conduct a larger-scale RCT are highlighted.     

慢加急性肝衰竭诊断标准的研究进展

慢加急性肝衰竭(ACLF)是指在慢性肝病基础上遭受急性打击后,出现严重的急性肝功能失代偿,其因病情进展迅速、短期死亡率极高,引起了全球肝病学家的关注。但由于不同国家(地区)ACLF的病因及临床特征等存在明显的差异,目前国内外ACLF的诊断标准多达十余种。本文通过回顾几种较为常用的ACLF定义,以及ACLF诊断标准相关研究,比较各ACLF诊断标准之间的差异,以期帮助临床医生更好地识别ACLF、优化临床决策。目前全球尚无公认的ACLF诊断标准,国内外ACLF的诊断标准存在着较大差异,临床医生在实际工作中选用何种ACLF诊断标准应根据患者慢性肝病的病因、临床特征等因素综合考虑。     

康柏西普不同给药方案治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿

目的：对比康柏西普1+PRN和3+PRN方案玻璃体腔注射治疗BRVO继发ME的短期临床疗效。

方法：前瞻性随机对照研究,选取BRVO继发ME患者共40例40眼,随机分入1+PRN组18眼和3+PRN组22眼,对比两组患者BCVA和CMT变化及平均注药次数,分析视力预后的影响因素。

结果：治疗后6mo,3+PRN组BCVA(LogMAR)由0.86±0.22提高到0.41±0.12,CMT由517.4±75.1μm降低到280.1±41.8μm, 1+PRN组BCVA由0.79±0.20提高到0.42±0.14,CMT由472.7±80.7μm降低到271.6±39.6μm,治疗前后各时间点组间BCVA和CMT比较无差异(P>0.05)。3+PRN、1+PRN组平均注药次数分别为3.64±0.66、2.78±0.94次(P>0.05))。多元回归分析中,年龄、病程、基线BCVA、椭圆体带完整性表现出和良好的视力预后有关。

结论：康柏西普1+PRN和3+PRN方案治疗BRVO继发ME在短期内可以取得类似的疗效。     

体质量指数与结直肠癌相关性的研究现状

结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)是消化系统常见的严重危害人们健康的杀手,全球每年约有120万新发病例,其中中国约有13万.随着我国社会经济发展和饮食结构的改变,CRC的发病率和死亡率呈逐年上升趋势,且平均发病年龄低于西方国家约20岁,居所有恶性肿瘤中的第2位,在中国发达地区已经接近西方发达国家.CRC的发病是多种因素综合作用的结果,近四分之一的CRC患者可以通过良好的生活习惯来避免患病.目前全球有2/3的成年人正在与超重和肥胖做斗争.近期大量研究表明,高体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)与结直肠癌的发病具有一定关系.本文就BMI与CRC相关性的研究现状作一综述.     

干燥综合征中抗M3R抗体的研究进展

干燥综合征(Sjgren’s syndrome,SS)是一种以侵犯外分泌腺为主的自身免疫性疾病,其发病机制可能与抗毒蕈碱乙酰胆碱3受体抗体(anti-M3R antibody,抗M3R抗体)相关,本文通过抗M3R抗体与毒蕈碱乙酰胆碱3受体(M3R)的结合表位,以及与SS的临床表现、治疗的关系,对抗M3R抗体在SS中的致病作用进行综述。     

Development and validation of the stigma scale for epilepsy in Turkey

ObjectiveEpilepsy is a chronic disease with an increased risk of stigma. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a scale developed by the authors to determine the level of stigma in Turkish patients with epilepsy and their relatives.MethodsIn this pilot study, two scales were developed, one consisting of 32 questions for the patients and one of 20 questions for the patients' relatives. Initially, a total of 30 patients with epilepsy and 30 relatives of the patients were included. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated in a reliability analysis of validity applying the scales to 302 patients and 201 relatives of the patients. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used for the reliability analysis of the test-retest. The t-test was used in paired series, and factor analysis was conducted. The correlation between the clinical and demographical data and the stigma scores was evaluated.ResultsThe scales were applied to participants twice under the same conditions in one-week interval. In the test-retest analysis, the internal consistency of the scales was high and reliable. In the analysis of the patients, the Cronbach's alpha value of the scale was found to be 0.915. In the factor analysis, the questions were grouped into five factors including social isolation, discrimination, insufficiency, false beliefs, and stigma resistance. The factors with the highest contribution to the stigma level were social isolation and discrimination. In the stigma scores, a significant correlation was found between the age of the patient, frequency of seizures, education status, level of income, and the amount of antiepileptic drugs used. In the analysis of the patients' relatives, the Cronbach's alpha value of the scale was found to be 0.892. In the factor analysis, the questions were classified as discrimination, prejudgments, and false beliefs. The factor which most contributed to the stigma level was discrimination. A significant correlation was found in the stigma scores between sex, education status, marital status, and income distribution.ConclusionAccording to our study results, it is clearly seen that both patients and their relatives suffer from epilepsy-associated stigma. Patients with epilepsy and their relatives are faced with discrimination in society, resulting in social isolation. We, therefore, believe that both patients and their relatives should be informed in detail about discrimination to overcome this challenge.     

静息态fMRI观察短期正念减压训练对大脑功能网络小世界属性的影响

目的 采用基于图论的复杂网络分析观察短期正念减压训练对大脑功能网络小世界属性的影响。方法 采用自身前后对照设计,纳入16名健康志愿者,对其进行8周正念减压训练,采集训练前后静息态fMRI数据,并对其进行正念五因素量表与积极情绪和消极情绪量表评定。计算复杂网络小世界属性参数,并比较正念减压训练前后的差异。结果 8周正念减压训练后,稀疏度阈值为1%~16%时,受试者全脑局部效率（E_loc）、标准化聚类系数（γ）、小世界值（σ）均下降（P均<0.05）。稀疏度阈值为20%时,双侧扣带回中部、双侧杏仁体、右侧壳核、左侧丘脑的节点全局效率（E_{i_glob}）升高,左侧背外侧额上回、右侧额上回眶部、双侧缘上回E_{i_glob}降低（P均<0.05）;左侧海马、左侧尾状核、右侧丘脑的节点局部效率（E_{i_loc}）升高,右侧扣带回后部、顶下缘角回E_{i_loc}降低（P均<0.05）。E_{i_glob}与正念能力呈负相关的脑区包括右侧额上回眶部、右侧缘上回,呈正相关的脑区有右侧杏仁体、右侧壳核;双侧杏仁体的E_{i_glob}与消极情绪得分呈正相关,左侧丘脑的E_{i_glob}与积极情绪得分呈正相关,右侧顶下缘角回的E_{i_loc}与观察因子、积极情绪得分呈负相关。结论 短期正念减压训练能引起大脑功能网络小世界属性改变,主要涉及皮质-基底核环路,部分脑区节点效率可反映训练后正念能力及情绪状态。     

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of the adalimumab biosimilar TQ-Z2301 and adalimumab for the treatment of Chinese patients with active ankylosing spondylitis: a multi-center,randomized, double-blind,phase III clinical trial

Clinical Rheumatology - To assess the clinical equivalence of TQ-Z2301, a biosimilar of adalimumab, to the reference adalimumab in the treatment of Chinese patients with active ankylosing...     

诱导型一氧化氮合酶/环氧合酶2在女性压力性尿失禁中的研究进展

诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase,i NOS)、环氧合酶2(cyclooxygenase-2,COX-2)及各自的催化产物一氧化氮和前列腺素对维持机体的各种病理生理活动有重要作用,它们参与了免疫炎症反应、缺血、损伤、肿瘤等相关疾病的发生、发展,两者对人类下尿路的生理病理活动起调控作用。女性压力性尿失禁(female stress urinary incontinence,FSUI)是一种严重影响女性身心健康及生活质量的常见疾病。越来越多的研究表明,i NOS/COX-2与FSUI的发病密切相关。文中综述了i NOS/COX-2在FSUI中可能扮演的角色及机制,这不仅为疾病的治疗提供了一个重要靶点,也为新药的开发和研究提供了理论基础和研究思路。