多指标综合加权评分法优选复方夏枯草洗剂提取工艺研究

[目的] 优选复方夏枯草洗剂的提取工艺。[方法] 采用L₉（3⁴）正交设计，以迷迭香酸、丹酚酸B的含量及出膏率的综合评分为指标，考察料液比、提取时间、提取次数对提取效果的影响，优选复方夏枯草洗剂的最佳提取工艺。[结果] 根据综合评分的结果，优选出最佳提取工艺为加8倍水，提取3次，每次0.5 h。[结论] 该工艺准确可靠，可行性好。     

以通为用的儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘络病属性三期辨治

小儿肺常不足,易受外邪侵袭,经鼻袭肺,邪循肺络而入里.儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘关键病机为络脉绌急,肺络阻滞,以通为用是治疗此病的大法,目的是达到络脉畅通、通达.初期以风邪袭肺表证为主,为疾病初期阶段,治以疏风解表、宣肺畅络;急性发作期以邪盛为主,络脉绌急,肺络阻滞,治以肃肺降浊,解痉通络;疾病后期表现为余邪留络、肺络不合之象,故予以清逐余邪,调和肺络.儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘治疗以畅络、通络、和络之法,从络病学之肺络角度探寻儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘的防治规律.     

Biomechanical behavior of brain injury caused by sticks using finite element model and Hybrid-III testing

Objective: To study the biomechanical mechanism of head injuries beaten with sticks, which is common in the battery or assaultive cases. Methods: In this study, the Hybrid-III anthropomorphic test device and finite element model (FEM) of the total human model for safety (THUMS) head were used to determine the biomechanical response of head while being beaten with different sticks. Total eight Hybrid-III tests and four finite element simulations were conducted. The contact force, resultant acceleration of head center of gravity, intracranial pressure and von Mises stress were calculated to determine the different biomechanical behavior of head with beaten by different sticks. Results: In Hybrid-III tests, the stick in each group demonstrated the similar kinematic behavior under the same loading condition. The peak values of the resultant acceleration for thick iron stick group, thin iron stick group, thick wooden stick group and thin wooden stick group were 203.4 g, 221.1 g, 170.5 g and 122.2 g respectively. In finite element simulations, positive intracranial pressure was initially observed in the frontal comparing with negative intracranial pressure in the contra-coup site. Subsequently the intracranial pressure in the coup site was decreasing toward negative value while the contra-coup intracranial pressure increasing toward positive values. Conclusions: The results illustrated that the stiffer and larger the stick was, the higher the von Mises stress, contact force and intracranial pressure were. We believed that the results in the Hybrid-III tests and THUMS head simulations for brain injury beaten with sticks could be reliable and useful for better understanding the injury mechanism.     

“一带一路”倡议背景下与东盟国家的医学信息学人才交流探讨

阐述在“一带一路”倡议及大数据时代背景下医学信息学人才培养与交流的意义，从政策支持、医疗卫生及高等教育合作交流、高校学科建设等方面探讨广西与东盟国家医学信息学人才交流的可行性，分析目前医学信息学人才交流存在的障碍并提出相应对策。     

The removal torque of titanium implant inserted in rabbit femur coated with biomimetic deposited Ca-P coating

A number of experimental data on biomimetic deposition CaP (BDCaP) coating implants have reported promising outcomes by histological evaluation. But little is investigated on the role of the BDCaP coating and osseointegration mechanism by interface shear strength. To make a direct biomechanical comparison between the BDCaP coating implants and the uncoated rough titanium implants (control), a well-established animal model for implants removal torque testing was employed in rabbits, using a self-matching experimental design. All implants had an identical cylindrical screw shape without any macroscopic retentive structure. After 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks of bone healing, removal torque testing was performed to evaluate the interfacial shear strength of each implant type. The torqued implants were sputter-coated with gold for morphology observation and observed with a field-emission electron microscopy. Results showed that the interfacial shear strength of the BDCaP coating implants was similar to that of the uncoated rough implants at 2 and 4 weeks of healing. The mean removal torque values of the BDCaP coating implants were lower than those of control implants (P < 0.05) after 6 weeks of healing. The removal torque values for both types of implants revealed similar mean values after 8 and 12 weeks of healing; there were no significant difference between the two types of implants (P > 0.05). It can be concluded that the BDCaP coating implants had no beneficial effect on the interfacial shear strength at early bone healing stage.     

多学科协作学习联合PBL+CBL教学在神经外科临床见习中的应用效果

目的　探讨多学科协作学习（multi-disciplinary treatment learning,MDT-L）联合PBL+CBL教学在神经外科临床见习中的实践效果。方法　将武汉市第三医院/武汉大学附属同仁医院2019年1月至2019年12月接收的30名神经外科临床见习生设为对照组,将本院2020年1月至2020年12月接收的30名神经外科临床见习生设为研究组;对照组实施常规教学,研究组采用MDT-L联合PBL+CBL教学;比较两组临床见习后成绩、见习前后综合能力变化、见习后职业素质和对教学方法的满意度。采用SPSS 26.0进行t检验和卡方检验。结果　见习后研究组理论知识、操作技能考核成绩均高于对照组（P＜0.05）;见习前两组学习兴趣、分析能力、沟通技巧、创新能力、档案管理能力评分差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,见习后两组上述维度的综合能力评分均升高,且见习后研究组综合能力评分均高于对照组（P＜0.05）;见习后研究组业务能力、分析及解决问题能力、能否掌握诊疗程序、医疗文书的书写评分及职业素质总评分均高于对照组（P＜0.05）;研究组对教学方法趣味性、有效性、实用性的满意度评分均高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论　在神经外科临床见习中应用MDT-L联合PBL+CBL教学,不仅可以提高实习成绩,还可以增强见习生的综合能力,提高其职业素质和满意度。     

选择性标准通道经皮肾镜Ⅰ期治疗结石性脓肾

目的 探讨标准通道经皮肾镜Ⅰ期治疗结石性脓肾的安全性和有效性.方法 2006年8月至2012年10月,有选择性对146例术前均未进行引流的结石性脓肾患者,围手术期在给予抗感染等综合干预措施下采用EMS三代碎石清石系统行彩超引导下标准通道经皮肾镜Ⅰ期治疗,对齐临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 146例结石性脓肾患者均顺利完成手术.一次手术1 15例,二次手术31例.单标准通道110例,双标准通道36例.手术时间18～69 min,平均（43±7） min;出血量20～96 ml,平均出血量约（39±8）ml.无肾切除、介入栓塞、感染性休克、大出血、大血管和胸腹腔脏器损伤等严重并发症发生.12例残余结石直径≥0.6 cm（0.6～0.8 cm）,行体外冲击波碎石治疗,结石清除率91.8％.14例患者失访.132例患者随访6～61个月,129例肾功能不同程度恢复,3例肾萎缩.结论 彩超引导下标准通道经皮肾镜Ⅰ期治疗结石性脓肾安全有效,保肾率高,注意病例应有选择性且围手术期应采取抗感染等综合干预措施.     

质子放疗前后恶性肿瘤患者T细胞亚群的变化

目的探讨用质子放射治疗恶性肿瘤病人的过程中,通过检测病人T细胞亚群的变化,来判断质子治疗是否对细胞免疫功能产生影响。方法将20例经病理学证实的恶性肿瘤患者采用质子束局部外照射,在治疗前后分别取病人外周血,用流式细胞仪检测放疗前后T细胞亚群水平。结果CD4+T细胞、CD8+T细胞无明显变化,CD4+T/CD8+T在治疗后比治疗前明显降低(P<0.05)。结论质子治疗时可导致T细胞亚群变化,抑制细胞免疫功能。     

肺门Castleman病一例并文献复习

目的提高对肺门Castleman病的认识。方法报道山西省肿瘤医院2019年10月收治的1例肺门Castleman病患者的诊疗情况,并结合文献进行复习。结果气管镜下穿刺病理活组织检查提示淋巴组织中见少量深染挤压的小细胞,倾向小细胞癌,免疫组织化学结果示Vim、CD3、CD20均阳性,符合淋巴结组织表现。行全身麻醉电视胸腔镜辅助下右肺门肿物切除术,术后病理确诊为Castleman病,预后良好。结论肺门Castleman病临床表现无特异性,容易误诊,必要时可行穿刺或手术切除病理活组织检查确诊。     

早期干预孕前糖调节受损对妊娠期糖尿病的影响

目的探讨早期干预怀孕前糖调节受损对妊娠期糖尿病的影响。方法采取前瞻性研究,对准备怀孕的育龄妇女志愿者进行空腹血糖和糖负荷后2 h血糖检测,选取糖调节受损妇女110例,随机分为两组,各55例,观察组进行早期干预,对照组按照正常孕妇体检,确诊妊娠期糖尿病再做干预,对妊娠期糖尿病的发生率及其对孕妇与围生儿的影响进行对比研究。结果观察组妊娠期糖尿病的发生率明显低于对照组,在羊水过多、妊娠期高血压疾病、胎膜早破、羊膜腔感染、产后出血,及巨大儿、早产、胎儿窘迫、新生儿低血糖、新生儿窒息、新生儿高胆红素血症的发生率方面,观察组明显低于对照组(p<0.05)。结论对怀孕前糖调节受损妇女从怀孕前即开始进行干预,能减低妊娠期糖尿病的发生率,并降低其并发症,是提高妊娠质量和保障母婴健康的关键。