太空1050监护仪典型故障维修1例

1故障现象　正常执行血压测量程序后,袖带内压力不足,气泵工作一段时间后（大约40s）停止工作,屏幕显示压力低于设限低值且监护仪报警.重复测量结果相同.     

不稳定型下颈椎损伤的手术治疗(附56例分析)

目的分析手术治疗下颈椎不稳定性损伤的适应证、手术方法及疗效。方法2001年1月～2003年1月,手术治疗下颈椎不稳定性损伤共56例。参照Aebi及White等人的手术适应证,以前路手术为主;对于难复性颈椎脱位或不伴椎间盘损伤者,行后路施术或前后联合入路手术;稳定性评分大于8分的前后柱损伤者,行前后联合入路手术。以Frankel评分系统评价神经功能恢复情况,以损伤节段Cobb角及水平移位来评价复位情况,采用Bohlman的X线片标准判定植骨融合情况。结果Frankel评分术前平均为2.3分,术后3.1分;按Bohlman标准3个月时植骨融合率为80%,6个月时为100%。术前Cobb角平均为8°,术后为1.5°,水平移位由术前的平均3.5mm减小到0.5mm。结论手术治疗下颈椎不稳定性损伤具有改善神经功能、恢复颈椎序列、恢复椎间高度及生理曲度、可早日下地活动等优点,手术病例及方法的选择应根据患者是否有致压因素及颈椎稳定性等综合考虑。     

乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检研究进展

在乳腺癌的外科治疗中，不论是改良根治还是保留乳房治疗，都要常规进行腋窝淋巴结清扫，以获得肿瘤分期资料从而指导下一步治疗，但腋窝淋巴结清扫会带来许多并发症，如上肢水肿和功能障碍、皮下积液、刀口愈合不良等，为了避免这些并发症，又能进行准确的分期，前哨淋巴结(setinel lymph node，SLN)活检技术应运而生，它具有操作简     

鼻咽癌增强CT扫描的影像表现及价值(附102例报告)

目的　探讨鼻咽癌 (NPC)增强CT表现和价值。方法　对 10 2例NPC放化疗前病人行平扫加增强扫描 ,观察癌灶密度变化、鼻咽表面线样强化层和癌灶周界情况。结果　平扫癌灶密度与同层面鼻咽肌相近的有 89例 (87% ) ,其余与翼外肌相近(13 % )。平扫难以明确癌灶的大小和范围 ,所能显示的仅是有无占位。增强扫描癌灶密度差异明显的占 44% ,单靠密度差异能使其周界全部或大部清楚的仅占 40 %。根据癌灶强化和线样强化层的表现 ,综合判断癌灶周界全部或大部清楚的达到 76%。结论　增强扫描对准确判断NPC癌灶的大小、范围以及对发现小的癌灶和鉴别诊断有重要作用。在主要针对鼻咽部本身的检查 ,增强也应列为常规扫描     

传说中的花朵

创造源于巧合 庞大的过去没有尽头 众星陨落 大道消失 缔造者惊诧 这是传说中 它出世的瞬间     

输尿管囊肿的诊断和处理12例报告

我院自1988年9月～2003年11月共收治成人输尿管囊肿病人12例，现报告如下。     

牛蒡子不同炮制品中牛蒡苷含量的HPLC测定

牛蒡子为菊科植物牛蒡Arctium lappa L.的干燥成熟果实。其性辛、苦、寒，归肺、胃经。具有疏散风热，宣肺透疹，解毒利咽等功效。中医临床应用有生品与炮制品之分。牛蒡子传统炮制方法有单炒、酒炒、酒蒸法等，现代以清炒为主。牛蒡苷是牛蒡子的主要有效成分，具有抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗病毒作用及扩     

大鼠脂肪干细胞复合胶原-壳聚糖-硫酸软骨素三维支架构建组织工程软骨

Objective To evaluate the character of the collagen-chitosan-chondroitin sulfate scaffold seeded with rat adipose tissue-derived stromal cells. Methods A dipose tissue were harvested from 6 weeks old Wistar rats and the stromal cells were harvested by type Ⅰ collagenase and then cultured in vitro. Type Ⅰ collagen was fully mixed with chitosan, freeze-dried and cross-linked with chondroitin sulfate, then freeze-dried again and sterilized by ethylene oxide. The pore diameter, water content, porosity of the scaffold were tested. The adipose tissue-derived stromal cells were digested, seeded into the plates, scaffold, and cen-trifuged into pellet, and then induced into cartilage. MTT detection for cell proliferation was done. After 3 weeks, the cell morphology, and cell proliferation and adhesion were observed, and chondrngenic differenti-ation was also analyzed. Results The pore diameter, water content, porosity tested for the scaffold showed an appropriate form. Cell proliferation showed faster in the scaffold and pellet culture system after 5 day, there was still cell proliferation in the scaffold system after 14 days but no obvious changes in the pellet cul-ture system; ceils on the scaffold proliferated densely showed by histological staining, but there was a scaf-fold structure residues in the inner layer. The finding of type Ⅱ immunohistochemistry stain showed that cells express strong positive for type Ⅱ collagen in the scaffold and pellet culture system whereas it was weakly positive in the plate culture system; the specific mRNA for cartilage, type Ⅱ collagen, aggrecan and SOX-9 were expressed in all three systems showed by RT-PCR, but type X collagen was expressed continu-ously in the plate culture system and expressed after 21 days in the pellet culture system, whereas it was not detected in the collagen-chitosan-chondroitin sulfate scaffold system. Conclusion The parameters of the collagen-chitosan-chondroitin sulfate scaffold were suitable in our study. The results suggested that it can promote the adipose tissue-derived stromal cells proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation better than the plate and pellet culture systems and maintain the phenotype of chondrocytes well; it is the optimal choice for cartilage tissue engineering in the future.     

4例颈静脉球瘤的影像学诊断

目的：分析颈静脉球瘤的各种影像学表现。重点讨论此瘤各种影像学检查的价值与限度。方法：报道4例经手术病理证实的颈静脉球瘤，并结合文献对其影像学表现及其各种检查方法进行分析。结果：颈静脉球瘤的影像学检查方法颇多；其表现各具特点，尤其是高分辨率薄层CT及MR表现颇具特征性，能为此瘤术前诊断提供可靠依据。结论：颈静脉球瘤的各种影像学检查方法都有一定的价值和限度。应恰当选择，合理应用，可取得理想的诊断结果。尤其是高分辨率薄导CT及MR检查具有明显的优势，应作为术前常规和必需的检查项目。     

椎动脉型颈椎病血浆内皮素变化

目的：通过观察内皮素（ｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉｎＥＴ）在椎动脉型颈椎病患者血浆中的变化，探讨其在该病中的病理学作用和意义。方法：用放射免疫方法分别对３０例正常人和３０例患者、２０例椎动脉减压术患者术前和术后的血浆内皮素测定。结果：椎动脉型颈椎病患者血浆ＥＴ含量（１１９．４６±５８．６５ｎｇ／ｌ）明显高于正常对照组（３８．３４±１４．３３ｎｇ／ｌ）；２０例手术患者术后ＥＴ含量（５０．８４±２１．６７ｎｇ／ｌ）明显低于术前ＥＴ含量（１３９．３４±５２．５６ｎｇ／ｌ），经统计学ｔ检验有显著性意义（Ｐ值＜０．００１）。结论：ＥＴ可能是椎动脉型颈椎病发病中的重要体液因素之一，探讨ＥＴ抗体和特异ＥＴ受体阻滞剂将为治疗该病提供新的启示。