血管紧张素Ⅱ受体-1A1166C基因多态性与脑梗死的关系

目的 探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ受体-1(AT1R)A1166C基因多态性与脑梗死(CI)的关系。方法 77例CI及98名健康人为研究对象。采用聚合酶链式-限制性片段长度多态性方法检测AT1RA1166C基因多态性。结果 在总研究人群中没有发现CC基因型。CI组AA、AC基因型频率分别为38.9%、61.1%，A、C等位基因频率分别为69.5%、30.5%；正常对照组AA、AC基因型频率分别为91.8%、8.2%，A、C等位基因频率分别为95.9%、4.1%。AT1R A1166C各基因型和等位基因频率在CI组和正常对照组分布有统计学意义。另外，CI组中AC杂合型患者较AA纯合型患者的血压水平增高；AA纯合型的收缩压水平及AC杂合型的收缩压、舒张压水平，CI组较正常对照组升高，差异均有统计学意义。结论 本研究结果提示AT1R A1166C基因多态性可能是CI发病的遗传因素，也是导致高血压特别是舒张压升高的一个重要因素。     

突触体维系蛋白-25基因与注意缺陷多动障碍的关系

目的探讨突触体维系蛋白125（SNAP-25）基因3’端未翻译区T1065G和T1069C多态性位点与注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应．限制性片段长度多态性技术，检测138例ADHD患者（患者组）和119名对照者（对照组）基因型和等位基因频率。结果（1）患者组与对照组SNAP-25基因T1065G多态性基因型及等位基因频率的总体分布差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），其中患者组1065T／1065T基因型（70．3％）和1065T等位基因频率（84．1％）高于对照组（分别为56．3％和74，4％；P〈0．05）；患者组1065G／1065G基因型频率（2．2％）略低于对照组（7．6％），但差异无统计学意义（P：0．07）。（2）SNAP-25基因T1069C多态性，两组均为1069T等位基因（100％，100％），均未发现1069C等位基因。结论SNAP-25基因T1065G多态性与ADHD可能存在关联，1065T／1065T基因型和1065T等位基因可能是ADHD发病的危险因素。     

5-羟色胺2A受体基因多态性与抑郁症的关联研究

目的探讨5-羟色胺2A（5-HT2A）受体基因T102C和A-1438G多态性与抑郁症的关系。方法采用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）和限制性片断长度多态性（RFLP）技术检测123例抑郁症患者和122名健康对照的T102C和A-1438G基因多态性分布,病例-对照关联分析法分析两组间基因型频率和等位基因频率的差异。结果5-HT2A基因T102C多态性等位基因频率和A-1438G等位基因频率在患者组和对照组间的分布均有显著性差异（P〈0．05）,患者组C102等位基因频率（30．1％）明显低于对照组（41．0％）,在分层分析中,男性患者组中频率（26．2％）明显低于男性对照组（50．0oA）;患者组A-1438等位基因型频率（69．1％）明显高于对照组（56．6％）,A-1438等位基因在女性患者组中频率（69．1％）明显高于女性对照组（55．2％）。患者组中TT／AA（T102T／A-1438A）基因型组合频率（43．9％）明显高于对照组（20．5％）。结论5-HT2A基因T102C和A-1438G多态性可能与抑郁症的发病有关,其中C102等位基因可能是男性罹患抑郁症的保护因子,A-1438等位基因可能是抑郁症特别是女性抑郁症患病的危险因子,T102T和A—1438A基因型同时出现可能是抑郁症发病的重要危险因素。     

NAD(P)H氧化酶p22phox亚基-A930G基因多态性与上海松江地区汉族人群颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性

目的 探讨中国上海松江地区汉族人群烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸[NAD(P)H]氧化酶p22phox亚基-A930G基因多态性与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性。方法 采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析(PCR-RFLP)、基因测序技术对上海松江地区汉族人群258例颈动脉粥样硬化患者和286例对照者的-A930G基因多态性位点进行基因型、等位基因频率检测,分析-A930G基因多态性与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性。结果 颈动脉粥样硬化组GG、AG基因型频率及G等位基因频率明显高于对照组(χ²=9.136,P<0.05及χ²=8.235,P<0.05)。-A930G基因各基因型之间基本临床资料比较,GG+AG基因型人群吸烟比例高于AA基因型人群,而HDL及ApoA水平较AA基因型人群低(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析发现,-A930G基因中G等位基因和高血压病、吸烟、低水平HDL一样,也是颈动脉粥样硬化的一个独立危险因素(β=0.498,OR=1.785,95% CI=1.364～ 7.983,P=0.031)。结论 上海松江地区汉族人群-A930G基因多态性与颈动脉粥样硬化有关,且G等位基因可能是颈动脉粥样硬化的一个独立危险因素。     

肾素基因G10631A和血管紧张素原基因C521T多态性与脑梗死的关系

目的 研究肾素(PEN)基因G10631A、血管紧张素原(AGT)基因C521T多态性与脑梗死的关系.方法 采用聚合酶链式反应.限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法检测82例脑梗死患者和89名正常对照者的REN基因10631位点、AGT基因521位点的多态性,并用Logistic回归分析两基因多态性与脑梗死的关系.观察两组基因单倍型的分布.结果 脑梗死组REN基因10631从基因型(31.7%)、A等位基因(49.4%).ACT基因521TT基因型(22.0%)、T等位基因频率(28.0%)显著高于正常对照组(10.1%、30.3%、6.7%、11.8%)(均P<0.05).Logistic回归分析显示,REN基因10631AA基因型、AGT基因521TT基因型增加脑梗死的发生概率,发病的相对危险度(OR)分别为2.798、3.492(均P<0.05).脑梗死组基因单倍型521T-10631A的分布频率明显高于正常对照组(P<0.005).结论 REN基因10631AA基因型和A等位基因、AGT基因521TT基因型和T等位基因可能为脑梗死的易患因素;单倍型521T-10631A可能是脑梗死发病的遗传危险因素.     

MTRR A66G、MS D919G、MTHFR C677T基因多态性与脑梗死的关系

目的 探讨MTRR A66G、MS D919G、MTHFR C677T基因多态性与脑梗死的关系。方法 选择136例脑梗死（CI）患者和70例对照，用PCR-RFLP方法分析其MTRR、MS和MTHFR基因型。结果 CI组和对照组的MTRR A66G多态性的分布差异无显著性意义（X^2=1.645，P=0．439）；CI组与对照组相比，MS D919G各基因型的频率差异无显著性意义（X^2=1．040，P=0．595）；两组的MTHFR C677T各基因型的频率差异也没有显著性意义（X^2=1．399，P=0．497）。结论 通过实验推测MTRR A66G、MS D919G、MTHFR C677T基因多态性不是CI的独立遗传危险因素。     

纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1-675 4G/5G基因及纤维蛋白原β-148C/T基因多态性与脑梗死关系的研究

目的探讨纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1（PAI-1）-675 4G/5G及纤维蛋白原（Fg）β-148C/T基因多态性与脑梗死的关系。方法检测140例健康体检者（对照组）和220例脑梗死患者（CI组）PAI-1-675 4G/5G及Fgβ-148C/T基因多态性,并分析两组基因在正常人群及脑梗死患者中的频率分布特点。结果CI组Fgβ-148C/T位点T等位基因频率为0.33,对照组为0.225,两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P=0.0026）。CI组PAI-1-675 4G等位基因频率为0.48,对照组为0.56,两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P=0.037）,以5G/5G基因型作为参考,4G/4G基因型发生CI的OR值为0.52（95%CI：0.282～0.958,P=0.027）;携带CC和4G/4G基因型发生CI的OR值为0.48（95%CI：0.253～0.91,P=0.023）。结论本研究发现Fgβ-148T等位基因是CI发病的危险因素,4G/4G纯合子是CI的保护因素,CC基因型加强4G/4G基因型的CI保护作用。     

PSEN2基因启动子多态性与阿尔茨海默病易患性的关联研究

目的探讨PSEN2基因启动子多态性与散发性阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer disease，AD）的关联关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应一限制性片段长度多态性方法（PCR—RFLP）检测160例AD和160名年龄、性别相匹配的健康对照组的PSEN2和ApoE基因型分布，并应用非条件Logistic回归分析判断PSEN2和ApoE基因型是否为AD的危险因素。结果PSEN2启动子＋A／-A多态性频率在AD组（＋A／＋A58．8％，＋A／-A35．0％，-A／-A6．3％）和对照组（＋A／＋A65．0％，＋A／-A33．1％，-A／-A1．9％）间的差异无统计学意义（P=0．11）。年龄分层后，早发性和晚发性AD与相应对照组基因型频率差异仍无统计学意义（早发性P=0．381，晚发性P=0．287）。但根据ApoE ε4携带与否分层后，在84非携带组AD（＋A／＋A50．7％，＋A／-A41．1％，-A／-A8．2％）与对照组（＋A／＋A65．0％，＋A／-A32．8％，-A／-A2．2％）3种PSEN2启动子基因型频率差异有统计学意义（P=0．038）；在ε4携带组AD与对照组间PSEN2基因型频率差异无统计学意义（P=0．549）。Logistic回归表明，ApoE基因型与AD的发生有关联关系（OR5．2，95％CI3．2～8．5，P〈0．01），PSEN2基因型与AD的发生无关联关系（OR1．4，95％C10．9～2．1，P=0．10），但在ApoEε4非携带组，PSEN2基因型与AD的发生有弱相关（OR1．8，95％CI1．1～3．0，P=0．02），ApoE与PSEN2之间无交互作用。结论PSEN2启动子＋A／-A多态性可能是散发性AD比较弱的遗传危险因素，主要是在未携带ApoE84等位基因的AD患者中具有一定的危险度。     

G10631A和C521T基因多态性与脑梗死相关性

目的探讨肾素-血管紧张素系统G10631A及C521T基因多态性与脑梗死患病风险的相关性。方法选择2016-05—2019-05郑州人民医院神经内科收治的100例脑梗死患者为脑梗死组,并选择同期100名健康志愿者为对照组。采集2组受试者静脉血样,采用酚/氯仿法提取DNA,采用限制性片段长度多态性分析技术检测G10631A及G521T的单核苷酸多态性。结果脑梗死组患者G10631A的AA基因型及A等位基因频率均高于对照组(χ2=8.672、10.172,P<0.05),脑梗死组患者C521T的TT基因型及T等位基因频率均高于对照组(χ2=8.665、22.118,P<0.05),G10631A的AA基因型、C521T的TT基因型可增加脑梗死发生率(OR=2.039、2.031,P<0.05)。脑梗死组患者A-T单体型出现频率高于对照组(χ2=16.127,P<0.05),但脑梗死组G-C单体型出现频率低于对照组(χ2=17.368,P<0.05)。结论肾素-血管紧张素系统G10631A的AA基因型及A等位基因、G521T的TT基因型及T等位基因和A-T单体型可能是脑梗死的遗传易感因素。     

胆固醇24S-羟化酶基因多态性与阿尔茨海默病的相关性分析

目的探讨胆固醇24S－羟化酶（cholesterol 24-hydroxylase，CYP46）基因第二内含子单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism，SNP）与阿尔茨海默病（AD）的相互关系。方法采用等位基因特异性聚合酶链反应（allele—specific PCR，A—SPCR）技术检测508例AD患者和549名健康老年人CYP46基因第二内含子基因SNP的分布，并通过比值比（OR）做疾病关联分析。结果AD组与对照组CYP46基因SNP分布差异有统计学意义（12，9％，8．1％；X^2=6．59，P=0．037），AD组携带T等位基因（C／T＋T／T）频率明显高于健康对照组（91．9％，87．0％；X^2=6，58，P=0．01）。Logistic回归分析表明，C／T和T／T基因型均是AD的危险因素，调整年龄和性别的影响后，其OR值分别为：1．70（95％CI=1．10—2．63，C／T），1．69（95％ CI=1．10—2．59，T／T）。结论CYP46基因的SNP与AD存在相关性，携带T等位基因可能是AD的危险因素。     

胰岛素降解酶基因启动子区多态性与散发性阿尔茨海默病的关系

目的检测中国汉族人群胰岛素降解酶(IDE)基因启动子区多态性与散发性阿尔茨海默病(SAD)的关系。方法随机选取25名SAD患者和25名正常对照者进行IDE启动子测序筛查启动子区变异。采用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法对中国汉族412例SAD患者和331例正常对照者进行多态性分型,遗传统计学分析多态性与AD发病风险的关系。结果中国汉族人群中IDE启动子存在三个多态性位点,分别为-1002T/G、-179T/C和-51C/T,-1002T/G和-51C/T多态性的基因型和等位基因频率在SAD和正常对照组中有显著差异。-1002T和-51C在SAD组中明显多于正常对照组。在不携带APOEε4等位基因的亚组中,各基因型和等位基因的频率有显著性差异。-1002T/G和-51C/T存在显著的连锁不平衡,构成了相对增加AD发病风险的单体型-1002T/-51C和相对保护的单体型-1002G/-51T。结论 IDE启动子区-1002T/G和-51C/T多态性与中国汉族人群SAD的发病相关。     

The CCK-A receptor gene possibly associated with auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia.

In this study, a PstI polymorphic site with two individual alleles, namely A1 and A2, was identified withinthe boundary between intron 1 and exon 2 of the cholecystokinin (CCK) type A receptor gene. The PstI polymorphic site was used as a genetic marker to study its association with psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. A significant difference in allelic frequency was found between schizophrenic patients with and without auditory hallucinations(chi(2) = 6.26, df = 1, P = 0.012), and the odds ratio for the allelic association was 2.21 (95% CI 1.18-4.15) with an attributable fraction of 0.1. The frequency of A1-A1 and A1-A2 genotypes showed a significant excess in schizophrenic patients with auditory hallucinations as compared to those without such symptoms (chi(2) = 5.45, df = 1, P = 0.02), and the odds ratio for the genotypic association was 2.27 (95% CI 1. 13-4.57) with an attributable fraction of 0.177. The haplotype-based haplotype relative risk (HHRR) test revealed a significant difference between transmitted and non-transmitted alleles in nuclear families of schizophrenic patients with auditory hallucinations (chi(2) = 4.54, df = 1,P = 0.033) but not in those of schizophrenic patients without them. The present study suggests that the CCK-A receptor gene may be associated with auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia.     

粤西汉族人群血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶基因启动子区-723C/T基因多态性与脑梗死的关系

目的 研究粤西汉族人群谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX-3)基因启动子区-723C/T基因多态性的分布及其与脑梗死的关系. 方法 检测佛广东医学院附属医院神经科自2007年2月至2008年2月收治的粤西地区汉族脑梗死患者102例(病例组)和同期粤西地区汉族健康体检者101例(对照组)的GPX-3基因启动子区-723C/T基因多态性,比较2组的一般资料、卒中危险因素及-723C/T基因多态性的分布特点,多元Logistic回归分析影响脑梗死发生的危险因素,并对筛选出的危险因素进行分层分析. 结果 与对照组比较,病例组高血压、糖尿病病史比例,血糖水平,-723C/T CC基因型频率及C等位基因频率均较高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);多元Logistic回归分析显示-723C/T基因型、高血压病史、糖尿病史是脑梗死发生的独立危险因素;与没有任何危险因素亦不携带风险基因型者比较,有危险因素又携带CC基因型者脑梗死发病风险明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论 中国粤西地区汉族人群GPX -3基因启动子区-723C/T位点存在多态性,C等位基因是脑梗死的危险因素,CC基因型为脑梗死的易感基因型,也是独立危险因素.     

酸性神经酰胺酶基因与精神分裂症症状数量性状的关联研究

目的 探讨酸性神经酰胺酶基因(ASAH1)与精神分裂症症状数量性状的关联.方法 应用聚合酶链反应及限制性片段长度多态性技术,对254例精神分裂症患者ASAH1基因的3个单核苷酸多态性(rs3753118、rs3753116及rs7830490)进行检测;使用阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评定患者疾病表型的数量性状.结果 (1)患者rs3753118位点3种基因型间的阳性症状分的差异有统计学意义(F=3.506,P＜0.05);rs3753116位点3种基因型间的PANSS总分及阴性症状分的差异均有统计学意义(F=3.548,P＜0.05;F=3.358,P＜0.05).经两两比较,rs3753118位点C/C基因型组患者的阳性症状分及一般精神病理分明显高于C/T基因型组患者;rs3753116位点G/G基因型组患者的PANSS总分及阴性症状分明显高于A/G基因型组患者,且G/G基因型组患者的阴性症状分明显高于A/A基因型组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).(2)患者3个位点各等位基因间的PANSS量表评分的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(3)患者rs3753118C-rs3753116G单体型者及rs3753118C-rs3753116G-rs7830490A单体型者,其PANSS总分及阴性症状分均明显高于参照单体型者,差异均有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).结论 ASAH1基因区域可能存在精神分裂症症状数量性状位点.     

Catechol-O-methyltransferase haplotypes are associated with psychosis in Alzheimer disease

Psychotic symptoms in subjects with Alzheimer disease (AD with psychosis, AD+P) define a phenotype characterized by greater cognitive burden than in AD without psychosis. We have proposed that genes of small effect may contribute to the risk for expression of psychosis in multiple disorders, including AD. Recently, sex-differential association of a three-locus haplotype, including a G-->A transition at codon 108/158 of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) resulting in a Val-->Met substitution, has been reported to confer an increased risk for schizophrenia. The main objective of the study was to determine if COMT genetic variation is associated with risk of psychosis in AD, and included a case-control study of 373 individuals diagnosed with AD with, or without, psychosis. All subjects were characterized for alleles at the three loci associated with schizophrenia, RS737865, COMT G-->A 108/158 (RS4680), and RS165599, and for a C/T transition adjacent to an estrogen response element (ERE6) in the COMT P2 promoter region. Both single locus and haplotype tests of association were conducted. Logit models were used to examine independent and interacting effects of alleles at the associated loci. All analyses were stratified by sex. In female subjects, RS4680 demonstrated a modest association with AD+P; RS737865 demonstrated a trend towards an association. There was a highly significant association of AD+P with the four-locus haplotype, which resulted from additive effects of alleles at RS4680 and ERE6 (or RS737865, as this locus was in almost absolute linkage disequilibrium (LD) with ERE6). In male subjects, no single locus test was significant, but there remained a strong association between AD+P and the four-locus haplotype. This association appeared to result from interaction of the ERE6/RS737865, RS4680, and RS165599 loci. Genetic variation in COMT is associated with AD+P, and thus appears to contribute to psychosis risk across disorders. Sex-differential associations of COMT with psychosis may result from variation at, or in LD with, ERE6. Examination of variation at ERE6 in subjects with schizophrenia, and further examination of the independent and additive effects of variations in COMT on gene expression, is warranted.     

Genetic association of ubiquilin with Alzheimer's disease and related quantitative measures

The gene coding for ubiquilin 1 (UBQLN1) is located near a linkage peak on chromosome 9q22.2 and it also impacts the function of presenilin proteins involved in early-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, genetic variation in UBQLN1 has been shown to affect the risk of AD in two independent family-based samples. The purpose of this study was to confirm the reported association in a large case-control sample and to also examine the association of UBQLN1 SNPs with quantitative measures of AD progression, namely age-at-onset (AAO), disease duration and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. We examined the associations of three SNPs in the UBQLN1 gene (intron 6/A>C, intron 8/T>C and intron 9/A>G) in up to 978 LOAD cases and 808 controls. All SNPs were in significant linkage disequilibrium (P<0.0001). While modest significant associations were observed in the single-site regression analysis, 3-site haplotype analysis revealed significant associations (P<0.0001 for overall haplotype analysis). One common haplotype (H4) defined by intron 6/A-intron 8/C-intron 9/G alleles was associated with AD risk and one less common haplotype (H5) defined by intron 6/C-intron 8/C-intron 9/A alleles was associated with protection. The adjusted odds ratios with potentially one and two copies of risk haplotype H4 were 1.5 (95% CI: 0.99-2.26; P=0.054) and 3.66 (95% CI: 1.43-9.39; P=0.007), respectively, and odds ratio for haplotype H5 carriers was 0.31 (95% CI: 0.10-0.95; P=0.0398). In addition to disease risk, the homozygosity of the risk haplotype was also associated with older AAO, longer disease duration and lower MMSE score. In summary, our data from a large case-control cohort indicate that genetic variation in the UBQLN1 gene has a modest effect on risk, AAO and disease duration of AD. Our haplotype data suggest the presence of additional putative functional variants either in the UBQLN1 gene or nearby genes and provide strong justification for additional work in this region on chromosome 9.     

Family-based linkage disequilibrium mapping using SNP marker haplotypes: application to a potential locus for schizophrenia at chromosome 22q11

Family-based linkage disequilibrium mapping using SNP markers is expected to be a major route to the identification of susceptibility alleles for complex diseases. However there are a number of methodological issues yet to be resolved, including the handling of extended haplotype data and analysis of haplotype transmission in sib-pair or family trio samples. In the present study, we have analysed two dinucleotide repeat and six SNP markers at the COMT locus at chromosome 22q11, a region implicated in psychosis, for transmission distortion in 198 Chinese schizophrenic family trios. When individual markers were analysed using the TDT, two showed modest evidence of transmission distortion (186C/T, P = 0.04; Val158Met, P = 0.01). Using haplotypes of paired markers analysed by the program TRANSMIT, the most significant P value was 0.001, for the Met158Val and 900ins/delC polymorphisms in the COMT gene. The global P value for the haplotypes of all six SNP markers tested was 0.004, largely a result of the excess transmission of two extended haplotypes which differed at the marker 408C/G. The exclusion of this marker from the analysis gave a global P value of 0.002 and produced a five marker haplotype system which was significant at P = 0.0006. This haplotype consisted of the alleles -287G:186C:Val158:900insC:ARVCF930C, which may represent a background haplotype for the transmission of a schizophrenia susceptibility allele at chromosome 22q11. Our results support the hypotheses that either COMT is itself a susceptibility gene, or more likely that this region of chromosome 22 contains a susceptibility gene that is in linkage disequilibrium with COMT alleles. Molecular Psychiatry (2000) 5, 77-84.     

Association of transforming growth factor-β1 gene C509T,G800A and T869C polymorphisms with intracerebral hemorrhage in North Indian Population: a case–control study

Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a multifunctional pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in inflammation and pathogenesis of cerebrovascular disease. As per our knowledge, there is no published study investigating the association between variations within the TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms and risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the TGF-β1 gene (C509T, G800A and T869C) polymorphisms, and their haplotypes with the risk of ICH in North Indian population. 100 ICH patients and 100 age- and sex-matched controls were studied. Genotyping was performed using SNaPshot method. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the strength of association between TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms and risk of ICH. Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, low socioeconomic status, smoking, physical activity were found to be associated with the risk of ICH. The distribution of C509T, G800A and T869C genotypes was consistent with Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) in the ICH and control group. Adjusted conditional logistic regression analysis showed an independent association of TGF-β1 G800A (OR 9.07; 95 % CI 2.3–35.6; P = 0.002) and T869C (OR 5.1; 95 % CI 1.9–13.2; P = 0.001) with the risk of ICH under dominant model. Haplotype analysis showed that C509-G800-C869 and C509-A800-C869 haplotypes were significantly associated with the increased risk of ICH. C509T and T869C were in strong linkage disequilibrium (D’ = 0.53, r ² = 0.23). Our results suggest that TGF-β1 (G800A, T869C) gene polymorphisms and their haplotypes are significantly associated with the risk of ICH in North Indian population. Further prospective studies with large sample size are required for independent validation. Our findings could be helpful in identifying individuals at increased risk for developing ICH.