人IL—4重组逆转录病毒载体的构建及在人肿瘤细胞中的表达

利用多聚酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）方法，从ＰＣＤ－ｈＩＬ－４质粒中扩增得到人白细胞介素４（ｈＩＬ－４）的ｃＤＮＡ－。ＤＮＡ序列测定证实此片段包含完整的ＩＬ－４开放阅读框架。应用ＤＮＡ重组技术，将此ｃＤＮＡ重组于逆转录病毒载休ＬＸＳＮ。用脂质体转染法将此重组质粒导入病毒包装细胞ＰＡ３１７。得到滴度为２．５ｘ１０ＣＦＵ／ｍｌ的感染性病毒。病毒感染人白血病细胞株ＨＬ－６０、Ｋ５６２及Ｂｕｒｋｉｔ淋巴瘤细胞株Ｒａｊｉ，使之表达并分泌ＩＬ－４。逆转录ＰＣＲ（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）法证实ｈＩＬ－４ｃＵＮＡ可在上述肿瘤细胞中持续转录。ＥＬＩＳＡ怯证实病肿瘤细胞分辨ＩＬ一４水平可高达３００Ｐ／１０细胞．２４小时。本研究为进一步探讨转ＩＬ一４基因用于血液系统恶性肿瘤免疫治疗的价值提供了基础。     

人白细胞介素2基因转移表达及抗乙型肝炎病毒和诱导LAK细胞活性的研究

为了探讨白细胞介素（ＩＬ）－２转基因表达抗乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）的作用，应用逆转录病毒载体ｐＺＩＰＳｖ（Ｘ）－包装细胞系ＰＡ３１７基因转移系统，研究了人ＩＬ－２ｃＤＮＡ转移和表达，以及抗ＨＢＶ和诱导淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞（ＬＡＫ细胞）的作用。所构建的人ＩＬ－２重组表达载体ｐＺＩＰｈｕＩＬ－２，以ＤＮＡ－磷酸钙共沉淀技术转染ＰＡ３１７细胞，筛选到Ｇ４１８抗性克隆，分泌假病毒颗粒达１０６ＣＦＵ／ｍｌ。以假病毒颗粒感染２．２．１５细胞系及正常人外周血单个核细胞，分泌ＩＬ－２水平可达６ＩＵ／ｍｌ，明显抑制２．２．１５细胞ＨＢｓＡｇ的分泌表达，与１００ＩＵ／ｍｌ重组的ＩＬ－２一样可诱导出相似的ＬＡＫ细胞活性。而不含ＩＬ－２ｃＤＮＡ的ｐＺＩＰＳＶ（Ｘ）的假病毒颗粒则无此作用。提示逆转录病毒载体。包装细胞系可以成功地实现人ＩＬ－２ｃＤＮＡ的转移和低水平的分泌和表达，并可明显抑制２．２．１５细胞分泌ＨＢｓＡｇ及诱导ＬＡＫ细胞活性。     

HSV1-tk基因重组逆转录病毒载体的构建与表达

通过ＤＮＡ重组技术,将ＨＳＶ１ ｔｋ基因片段重组到含有ＨＳＶ１ ｔｋ启动子的ｐＮ２Ａ型逆转录病毒载体中。选取正向克隆的逆转录病毒重组ＤＮＡ,以磷酸钙法转染ψ２,ＰＡ３１７包装细胞后,经Ｇ４１８筛选,抗性克隆细胞上清能成功地感染ＮＩＨ３Ｔ３,细胞系测定平均滴度为６．２×１０５ＣＦＵ／ｍＬ,最高可达１．５×１０６ＣＦＵ／ｍＬ。     

逆转录病毒介导癌基因疗法体外安全实验

从逆转录病毒ｐＬＸＳＮ与人ＩＬ－２ｃＤＮＡ基因进行重组，包括ＰＡ３１７细胞，建立逆转录病毒包装体系细胞ＰＡ３１７／ｐＬＩＬ－２ＳＮ。用病毒上清液转导人淋巴细胞（ＴＩＬ，ＰＢＬ）和３株人腺癌细胞株（ＳＰＣ－Ａ１，ＭＫＮ－ＨｅｐＧ２）对转ＩＬ－２基因的淋巴细胞（ＴＩＬ／ＩＬ－２，ＰＢＬ／ＩＬ－２）和转ＩＬ－２基因的人癌细胞（ＳＰＣ－Ａ２／ＩＬ－２，ＭＫＮ－４５／ＩＬ－２，ＨｅｐＧ２／ＩＬ２）进行体外安     

HSV-TK基因逆转录病毒重组体的构建和鉴定

利用逆转录病毒载体ｐＬＮＳＸ构建了带ＨＳＶＴＫ基因的逆转录病毒重组体ｐＬＮＳＴＫ，用磷酸钙沉淀法转染ＰＡ３１７包装细胞，经Ｇ４１８筛选抗性克隆，建立了产生重组病毒的载体产生细胞系ＰＡ３１７／ＴＫ，用ＮＩＨ３Ｔ３细胞测定病毒（ＣＦＵ）滴度为３×１０８Ｌ－１。提取ＰＡ３１７／ＴＫ细胞的ＤＮＡ和细胞上清液的ＲＮＡ，在特异性引物引导下，分别用ＰＣＲ和ＲＴＰＣＲ检测证实ＰＡ３１７／ＴＫ细胞整合了ＨＳＶＴＫ基因并产生重组病毒，为ＨＳＶＴＫ基因治疗恶性肿瘤的实验研究打下了基础。     

转基因内皮细胞tpA纤溶活性的变化

利用基因重组技术，将ｔｐＡ ｃＤＮＡ与逆转录病毒载体ＬＮＳＸ重组构成ＬＮＳ－ｔｐＡ，转染病毒包装细胞，形成的重逆转录病毒颗粒再用来感染牛血管内皮细胞。经Ｇ４１８筛选后的单克隆细胞培液，分别经纤维蛋白板法和发色底物法测取活性。结果：经基因转染的ＰＡ３１７细胞和牛血管内皮细胞，在含人纤维蛋白原和凝血酶的纤维蛋白板上出现溶圈；随培养时间的延长，细胞数量增加，ｔｐａdisplay structure     

粒—巨噬细胞集落刺激因子cDNA在造血祖细胞中的表达

目的；探讨逆转录病毒介导的ＧＭ－ＣＳＦｃＤＮＡ在造血母细胞中转移与表达。方法：采用电穿孔法将小鼠ＧＭ－ＣＳＦｃＤＮＡ重组逆转录病毒ｐＬＸＳＮ／ＧＭ和空载体ｐＬＸＳＮ转染病毒包装细胞ＰＡ３１７，再将含有ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ重组逆转录病毒的细胞培养上清液感染富含造血干祖细胞群体，采用ＰＣＲ和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ分析培养细胞基因组中外源基因的整合，用Ｄｅｘｔｅｒ培养体系检测培养３周的各组细胞增殖数，结果：在     

人白细胞介素2、β干扰素基因逆转录病毒载体的构建和在人肾细胞癌及其TIL中的表达

从ｐｃＤ－５．１质粒和ｐＳＰＧＮＨＩＦＮＢ１０质粒分别切下人白细胞介素２（ＨｕＩＬ－２）ｃＤＮＡ和人β干扰素（ＨｕＩＦＮ－β）ｃＤＮＡ，分别克隆到ｐＮＭＳＭ逆转录病毒载体多克隆位点，经酶切鉴定确定正确插入方向。经ＰＡ３１７包装细胞包装成重组病毒，测转染效率。用ＮＩＨ／３Ｔ３细胞测重组病毒感染效率。在８μｇ／ｍｌ鱼精蛋白存在的条件下分别感染人新鲜肾透明细胞癌体外建株细胞以及人肾细胞癌肿瘤浸润性淋巴细胞（ＴＩＬ）。经Ｇ４１８选择阳性克隆后测上清表达ＨｕＩＬ－２及ＨｕＩＦＮ－β活性。结果ＨｕＩＬ－２和ＨｕＩＦＮ分别在转ＨｕＩＬ－２基因和ＨｕＩＦＮ－β基因肾细胞癌细胞的表达量达２５０Ｕ／１０６细胞·ｄ－１和６４００Ｕ／１０６细胞·ｄ－１，在经目的基因转染ＴＩＬ细胞中的表达量分别比未经目的基因转染的ＴＩＬ高２～３倍和４～８倍。ＴＩＬ生长状况未有明显改变，抗肿瘤活性未见明显增强。     

逆转录病毒载体介导的标志基因转移研究

目的：为建立高效、安全的逆转录病毒介导的基因标记系统。方法：用脂质体方法将含有标志基因 Ｎｅｏ Ｒ的逆转录病毒载体 Ｌ Ｘ Ｓ Ｎ 导入包装细胞 Ｐ Ａ３１７ ;通过与单向型包装细胞 Ｇ Ｐ Ｅ８６ 相互转导,获得高滴度的双嗜型产病毒细胞,并以其对人类白血病细胞进行基因标记。结果：脂质体转染法获得的病毒滴度约为２ ．０ ×１０５ Ｃ Ｆ Ｕ／ ｍｌ,而与 Ｇ Ｐ＋ Ｅ８６ 细胞转导后可提高至２ ．８ ×１０６ Ｃ Ｆ Ｕ／ ｍｌ;重组病毒转导白血病细胞（ Ｈ Ｌ－ ６０ , Ｋ５６２ , Ｋ Ｇ－ １） 后,聚合酶链反应（ Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ） 证实 Ｎｅｏ Ｒ 基因整合到靶细胞基因组,巢式 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ 与补救分析均未能检测到辅助病毒。结论：“乒乓效应”可显著提高逆转录病毒滴度,而逆转录病毒介导的基因标记系统是安全的。     

供转导PDGF-A基因的高滴度逆转录病毒的制备

目的制备高滴度供转导血小板衍生生长因子Ａ链（ＰＤＧＦ－Ａ）基因的重组逆转录病毒,为体内、外深入研究该基因表达产物自分泌和旁分泌的生物学功能奠定基础。方法将人ＰＤＧＦ－ＡｃＤＮＡ片段插入含巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ）启动子序列的逆转录病毒ＧＩＮａ载体的多克隆位点中,将构建的重组质粒导入病毒包装细胞ＰＡ３１７中,经Ｇ４１８筛选并扩增,以病毒液感染ＮＩＨ３Ｔ３细胞,测病毒滴度,选择出抗性克隆,进行免疫组织化学检测,表达产物经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳、Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ分析和３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法测生物学活性。结果病毒滴度最高为１．４×１０５ＣＦＵ／ｍｌ;免疫荧光染色法和ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳、Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ证实ＰＤＧＦ－ＡＡ的表达;抗性细胞条件培养基的细胞活性高达５１．２Ｕ／（１０６·ｄ）。结论供转导ＰＤＧＦ－Ａ基因的高滴度逆转录病毒得以制备,该基因获得有效表达,表达产物具有明显的致丝裂活性。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…