二杈狗牙花化学成分研究

目的:对二杈狗牙花根茎的化学成分进行分离及结构鉴定.方法:利用硅胶柱、凝胶柱及反相硅胶柱等色谱柱技术进行分离,根据理化性质及波谱学方法进行结构鉴定.结果:分离得到7个化合物:α-香树醇(α-amyrin,1),α-香树醇乙酸酯(α-amyrin acetate,2),α-香树醇棕榈酯(α-amyryl palmitate,3),蒲公英甾醇乙酸酯(taraxasterol acetate,4), 毛蕊异黄酮(calycosin,5), 芒柄花素(formononetin,6), farnisin (7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone,7).结论:化合物1,3～7均为首次从本植物中分离得到, 化合物3～7为首次从该属植物中分得.     

弯茎还阳参石油醚部位化学成分研究

目的 研究弯茎还阳参Crepis flexuosa全草的化学成分.方法 采用硅胶及Sephadex LH-20柱层析进行分离纯化,通过理化性质和光谱分析鉴定结构.结果 从弯茎还阳参中分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为木栓酮(friedelin,1),α-香树素(α-amyrin,2),β-香树素(β-amyrin,3),...     

鼠曲草石油醚部位的化学成分

目的鼠曲草石油醚部位的化学成分的提取、分离和结构鉴定。方法采用硅胶柱层析和葡聚糖凝胶柱层析等色谱方法对鼠曲草石油醚部位进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱技术并辅以化学方法进行结构鉴定。结果从鼠曲草石油醚部位分离得到10个化合物,分别为蒲公英甾醇乙酯(taraxasteryl acetate,1)、α-香树素(α-amyrin,2)、β-香树素(β-amyrin,3)、白桦脂酸(betulinic acid,4)、大黄素甲醚(physcioin,5)、大黄素(emodin,6)、4-胆甾烯-3-酮、[(20R)-cholest-4-en-3-one,7]、3β-羟基豆甾-5,22-二烯-7-酮(3β-hydroxy-stigmast-5,22-dien-7-one,8)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,9)、正二十六烷酸(n-hexacosanic acid,10)。结论化合物1～8均为首次从鼠曲草属植物中分离得到。     

灰毛大青的化学成分研究(Ⅰ)

目的研究广西产灰毛大青干燥全株的化学成分。方法采用硅胶及凝胶柱色谱法进行分离,并运用化学及波谱学方法对分得的成分进行了结构鉴定。结果分离并鉴定出其中7个化合物,分别为羽扇豆醇(lupeol,Ⅰ)、α-香树脂醇十一酸酯(α-amyrin 3-undecanotate,Ⅱ)、羽扇豆醇乙酸酯(lupeol acetate,Ⅲ)、羽扇豆醇棕榈酸酯(lupeol 3-palmitate,Ⅳ)、melastomic acid(Ⅴ)、β-香树脂醇乙酸酯(β-amyrin acetate,Ⅵ)、桦木酸(betulinic acid,Ⅶ)。结论化合物Ⅱ为新化合物,化合物Ⅳ～Ⅵ为首次从大青属植物中分得。     

日本苦苣菜的化学成分

目的：研究日本产草药苦苣菜（Sonchus oleraceus）的化学成分。方法：用有机溶剂提取，然后用硅胶柱色谱和制备型高效液相色谱法分离纯化。根据化合物的理化性质和波谱数据鉴定其结构。结果与结论：从日本产的苦苣菜中首次分离鉴定了6种化合物：羽扇豆醇（lupeol，Ⅰ）、α-香树素（α-amyrin，Ⅱ）、β-香树素（β-amyrin，Ⅲ）、乌索酸（ursonic acid，Ⅳ）、齐墩果酸（oleanolic acid，Ⅴ）和桦木酸（betulinic acid，Ⅵ）。     

山药地上部分石油醚部位的化学成分研究

目的研究山药地上部分石油醚部位的化学成分。方法采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20等多种柱色谱方法对山药地上部分的石油醚部位进行分离纯化,并通过波谱数据分析(核磁共振谱和质谱)进行结构鉴定。结果从山药地上部分石油醚部位中共分离鉴定了11个化合物,分别为9,19-cyclolart-25-en-3β,24R-diol(1)、cycloeucalenol(2)、表木栓醇(3)、(24S)-24-乙基胆甾-3β,5α,6β-三醇(4)、豆甾-4-烯-3α,6β-二醇(5)、(22E)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol(6)、(3β,7α)-7-methoxystigmast-5-en-3-ol(7)、β-谷甾醇(8)、1-正十六烷酸甘油酯(9)、二十四烷酸(10)、十六烷酸(11)。其中1~3为三萜类,4~8为甾醇类,9~11为有机酸及其酯类。结论化合物1~5和7为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物1~7和9~10为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

多歧沙参化学成分的研究

目的 对多歧沙参Adenophora wawreana的根进行较系统的化学成分研究。方法 采用系统溶剂分离法和硅胶柱色谱法进行提取分离。用光谱法（IR、^1HNMR、^13CNMR、MS等）进行结构鉴定。结果 从石油醚提取部位分离得到12个化合物,鉴定了其中9个化合物的结构。它们分别为十六酸-3-β-谷甾醇酯（β-sitosteryl hexade-canoate,Ⅰ）、十六酸-3-β-谷甾醇酯（β-sitosteryl octadecanoate,Ⅱ）、α-香树脂醇乙酸酯（α-amyrin acetate,Ⅲ）、羽扇豆烯醇乙酸酯（lupeol acetate,Ⅳ）、忌扇豆烯酮（lupenone,Ⅵ）、木栓酮（friedelin,Ⅶ）、β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol,Ⅸ）、7α-羟基-β-谷甾醇（lkshusterol,Ⅹ）和胡萝卜苷（daucosterol,Ⅻ）。结论 9个化合物均首次从本植物中分离得到,其中化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅶ为首次从沙参属植物中分离得到。     

麻花秦艽非环烯醚萜成分的研究

目的 对龙胆属麻花秦艽Gentiana straminea的非环烯醚萜成分进行研究。方法 利用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、ODS等柱色谱进行分离和纯化,根据化合物的光谱学数据和理化方法鉴定其结构。结果 从麻花秦艽70%乙醇提取物中分离得到12个化合物,分别鉴定其结构为(-)-syringaresinol-4,4′-bis-β-O-D-glucopyranoside (1)、gentiaphyllide-D (2)、红白金花内酯(3)、大叶苷D(4)、gentiaphyllide-E(5)、栎瘿酸(6)、乌苏醇(7)、β-谷甾醇(8)、胡萝卜苷(9)、龙胆三糖(10)、β-葡萄糖(11)和α-葡萄糖(12)。结论 化合物1～6和10系首次从该植物中分离得到。     

半边莲的化学成分研究

目的 研究半边莲的化学成分。方法 利用硅胶柱、凝胶柱、制备HPLC等分离和纯化,通过化合物的波谱数据和理化特性进行结构鉴定。结果 从半边莲中分离鉴定了12个化合物,分别为环桉烯醇(cycloeucalenol,Ⅰ)、24-亚甲基环木波罗醇(24-methylenecycloartanol,Ⅱ)、植物醇(phytol,Ⅲ)、植物烯醛(phytenal,Ⅳ)、β-香树脂醇(Ⅴ)、腺苷(Ⅵ)、正丁基-β-D-呋喃果糖苷(Ⅶ)、正丁基-α-D-呋喃果糖苷(Ⅷ)、正丁基-β-D-吡喃果糖苷(Ⅸ)、正丁基-α-D-吡喃果糖苷(Ⅹ)、水杨苷(Ⅺ)、5-羟甲基糠醛(Ⅻ)。结论 其中化合物Ⅰ～Ⅳ及Ⅵ～Ⅻ为首次从半边莲属植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅴ为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

糙龙胆地上部分化学成分研究

目的 研究糙龙胆地上部分的化学成分。方法 采用各种柱色谱方法进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。结果 共得到9个化合物。根据理化性质和波谱分析,分别鉴定为β-香树脂醇(β-amyrin,Ⅰ)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,Ⅱ)、β-香树脂醇乙酸酯(β-amyrin acetate,Ⅲ)、乌苏醇(uvaol,Ⅳ)、齐墩果酸(oleanolic acid,Ⅴ)、6-去甲氧基-7-甲基茵陈色原酮(6-demethoxy-7-methylcapillarisin,Ⅵ)、芒果苷(mangiferin,Ⅶ)、异牡荆素(isovitexin,Ⅷ)和异牡荆素-7-O-葡萄糖苷(isovitexin-7-O-glucoside,Ⅸ)。结论 化合物Ⅰ～Ⅸ均为首次从糙龙胆地上部分中分离得到。其中化合物Ⅵ属首次从龙胆科植物中分离得到。     

云南狗牙花化学成分的研究

目的：研究夹竹桃科植物云南狗牙花（Eruatamia yunannensis tsiang.)的化学成分。方法：采用95％乙醇提取后，再用不同溶剂萃取，将石油醚及乙酸乙酯萃取部位以硅胶低压柱层析分离，纯化得单体化合物，应用化学反应和光谱（IR，MS，1HNMR，13CNMR）鉴定其结果。结果：共得到6个单体化合物，分别为羽扇豆醇乙酸酯（lupenyl acetate,I)，环桉烯醇（Cycloeucalenol,II)β－谷甾醇（β－sitosterol,Ⅲ），丁香树脂酚（syringaresinol,Ⅳ），松脂酚（pinoresinol,V)，胡萝卜苷（β－sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyraoside,VI)。结论：化合物I，Ⅱ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ均为首次从本植物中分得，化合物IV，V为首次从该属植物中分得的结构类型。     

台湾狗牙花的生物碱类化学成分

采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、ODS、HPLC等色谱方法进行分离纯化,从夹竹桃科植物台湾狗牙花（Ervatamia pandacaqui Pichon）枝叶中分离得到11个生物碱类化合物,根据其理化性质与波谱数据分别鉴定为voacristine 7-hydroxyindolenine（1）,iboxygaine （2）,19S-hydroxyibogamine （3）,3-oxotabersonine （4）,派利文碱（perivine,5）,佩西立文（pericyclivine,6）,rhazinalinol （7）,geissoschizol （8）,3,14-dihydroolivacine （9）,瓦莱萨明碱（vallesamine,10）,conolobine A（11）。化合物1 ~ 11均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Ovicidal and repellent activities of botanical extracts against Culex quinquefasciatus,Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae)

Objective

To determine the ovicidal and repellent activities of methanol leaf extract of Ervatamia coronaria (E. coronaria) and Caesalpinia pulcherrima (C. pulcherrima) against Culex quinquefasciatus (Cx. quinquefasciatus), Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) and Anopheles stephensi (An. stephensi).

Methods

The ovicidal activity was determined against three mosquito species at various concentrations ranging from 50-450 ppm under the laboratory conditions. The hatch rates were assessed 48 h after treatment. The repellent efficacy was determined against three mosquito species at three concentrations viz., 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 mg/cm² under the laboratory conditions.

Results

The crude extract of E. coronaria exerted zero hatchability (100% mortality) at 250, 200 and 150 ppm for Cx. quinquefasciatus, Ae. aegypti and An. stephensi, respectively. The crude extract of C. pulcherrima exerted zero hatchability (100% mortality) at 375, 300 and 225 ppm for Cx. quinquefasciatus, Ae. aegypti and An. Stephensi, respectively. The methanol extract of E. coronaria found to be more repellenct than C. pulcherrima extract. A higher concentration of 5.0 mg/cm² provided 100% protection up to 150, 180 and 210 min against Cx. quinquefasciatus, Ae. aegypti and An. stephensi, respectively. The results clearly showed that repellent activity was dose dependent.

Conclusions

From the results it can be concluded the crude extracts of E. coronaria and C. pulcherrima are an excellent potential for controlling Cx. quinquefasciatus, Ae. aegypti and An. stephensi mosquitoes.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.