Traditional Tibetan Medicine in China: An Overview of Current Status and Prospects

Objective:To introduce and explore the current status and prospects of traditional Tibetan medicine(TTM) in China.Methods:Government websites,national statistics,and authoritative papers from journal and government daily were fully searched.Further data were gathered by related experts.Results:With the implementation of policies on growing TTM,there have been improvements in TTM’s health care,scientific research,education,and pharmacy industry.TTM hospitals contribute to the health service system in Tibet Autonomous Region and other four Tibetan regions;TTM education has been incorporated into national education system in China;the number of scientific researches on TTM funded by the government is increasing year by year;Tibetan medicines become available to more people with the development of TTM pharmacy industry.Conclusion:TTM is well preserved and developed in China,and more efforts should be taken to promote its spread and development.     

Functional constipation in children:non-pharmacological approach

Teb(medicine)as described by Avicenna on the opening pages of the al-Qānūn fīal-Tibb(The Cannon of Medicine)was"a science by which one learns the conditions of the human body in health and in the nonexistence of health to keep health or to bring it back".According to Avicenna’s Canon of Medicine and other traditional Persian medicine(TPM)resources,the observance of the six essential qualities provides guidance to any medical intervention.     

利用共同条件分析及中草药配伍确定微观层次上痴呆的研究方向

Objective： To identify the position of traditional herbal medicine in dementia research field using mapping technology. Methods： Keywords for dementia and traditional herbal medicine for treating dementia were used to extract scientific articles from the Web of Science database from January 2000 to July 2010. A co- occurrence matrix was created based on the concurrent set of author＇s keywords occurring in each scientific article, and technology network maps were created from similarity index matrices. Results： Twenty specialized research areas were identified in the dementia field, and the relationship strength was 0.2-0.6. Many research fields were associated with diagnosis and risk factors for dementia. Additionally, the mechanism or cause of dementia is an actively studied field. Traditional herbal medicine for treating dementia was located on a map near the cortical dementia diagnosis and therapy, and frontotemporal dementia research field with a relationship strength of 0.53 and 0.31-0.33 respectively, which demonstrates that traditional herbal medicine for dementia occupies an independent research area with a relationship to existing scientific research fields. Conclusion： Traditional herbal medicine can provide an alternative and complementary approach for treating dementia as evidenced by a scientific mapping analysis.     

Influencing factors of mental health of medical students in China

Summary： This study investigated the mental health status of medical students in China, and analyzed the influencing factors in order to provide evidence for mental health education for medical students. A stratified cluster sampling method was used to recruit medical students from Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China. The questionnaire survey on general information and Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90） were used for investigation and analysis. The results showed among the 1137 valid questionnaires, 278 （24.45%） participants had SCL-90 score ≥ 160. The top three mental problems of medical students were obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity and depression in terms of the factor score ≥ 2.5 and the number of participants who reflected on the diseases. The third-year medical students had the worst mental health status, and fifth-year medical students had the best mental health status. Students from rural area had more psychological problems than those from urban area; furthermore, students with high professional satisfaction, those who were the single child of the family, non-poor students, and those whose parents had high education level had better mental health status. It was concluded that the mental health of medical students is not optimistic in China. Medical students have some mental health problems of different degrees. Factors that influence the mental health of medical students include academic pressure, professional satisfaction level and family environment.     

设计适合传统东亚医学系统和方法的临床研究-聚焦模式辨识

ABSTRACT This article is based on two presentations held at Chinese medicine conference in Rothenburg （2013）, Germany and at the 19th Anniversary of Korean Institute of Oriental Medicine （KIOM） International Symposium of Current Research Trends in Traditional Medicine - Pattern of Identification （2013）. In designing clinical studies, it is a research question that leads to appropriate study design. However, they are mostly diagnostic procedures and techniques that are the key points to reflect the application of systems and methods in all forms of medicine - traditional East Asian medicine （TEAM） is no exception. The challenges within TEAM based on research reflect in different systems of medicine/theories such as traditional Japanese acupuncture, traditional Korean acupuncture and traditional Chinese acupuncture. This diversitv of medical svstems and methods applied in East Asia seems to have beenfruitful within the different countries and traditional medicines have found their places within the respective countries health systems. The existing diversity, from a clinician＇s point of view, may be viewed as a treasure when dealing with patients in the ＇real world＇. On the other hand, this diversity seems to challenge the scientific mind worldwide, esoeciallv when it comes to research. Hence. there is a and between clinical practice and research.     

Abstracts from the first annual conference of the Chinese Society of Medicine in Germany.

The Chinese Society of Medicine (Gesellschat Chinescher Mediziner in Deutschland) in Germany was founded and held its first annual scientific conference on 5th-6th August. 1994 in University Clinic Essen. About 30 researchers from different cities of Germany attended the conference. The conference received more than 70 papers , and 22 papers were selected for oral presentation, reporting the latest research results in the fields of basic and clinical medicine followed by discussion. It is of greal help for obtaining new inspirations in the corresponding fields. The participants wish to establish close relationship and utilize their own superiority, to cooperate each other and to obtain new achievements in the fields of medicine.     

Sexual Dysfunction among Chinese Nurses:Prevalence and Predictors

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of and identify the factors influencing female sexual dysfunction (FSD) among Chinese nurses. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March 2013 to May 2014 among 6 hospitals in Suzhou,China. In total, 2,030 married female nurses were included in the analysis. Data on the sociodemographic, lifestyle, and self-reported health status of the participants were collected,and the participants were asked to complete the Chinese version of the 19-item Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire. In total, 1,035 (50.99%) participants were found to have FSD. Logistic regression analysis showed that increasing age and higher body mass index, lower salary, and poor/very poor self-reported health status were risk factors for FSD; however, regular social activity and physical exercise were protective factors for FSD. The findings of this study suggest that further interventional studies are warranted to study the sexual health among Chinese nurses in detail.     

Development and evaluation of a Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome questionnaire for measuring sub-optimal health status in China

OBJECTIVE:Sub-optimal health status(SHS),in which a person’s mind and body exists in a low-quality state of being between disease and health,has become a public health problem that cannot be ignored in China.SHS measurement presents a challenge to the academic fields.We developed and evaluated a questionnaire from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) that embodies the features of TCM syndrome diagnosis for measuring SHS in China.METHODS:The construction of the theoretical framework of the questionnaire was based on a literature review,an expert questionnaire survey and group interviews.The subscales and questionnaire items were screened through a pilot study using statistical means and qualitative analysis.Reliability tests that were used included test-retest reliability,Cronbach’s α coefficient,split-half reliability;validity tests included content validity,criterion validity,discrimination validity and construct validity.RESULTS:The final questionnaire,the SHSQ-50,included 50 five-class quantifiable items that encompassed nine subscales:liver stagnation syndrome,liver-Qi deficiency syndrome,spleen-Qi deficiency syndrome,liver-fire syndrome,heart-fire syndrome,stomach-fire syndrome,heart-Qi deficiency syndrome,lung-Qi deficiency syndrome and dampness syndrome.Questionnaires were completed by 268 of the 288 SHS subjects(93.0%) and by 86 of the 94 healthy subjects(91.5%).The Cronbach α coefficients,split-half coefficients and stability coefficients ranged from 0.70 to 0.95,0.67 to 0.87 and 0.88 to 0.98,respectively,for the overall scores and subscales.The Wilcoxon rank test showed statistically significant differences in the subscales and overall scores between the SHS group and the healthy group(P<0.01).Twelve factors with an eigenvalue greater than one were extracted by factor analysis and merged into nine factors,for which the cumulative contribution rate was 63.63%.The nine factors were corresponded to the overall structure of the questionnaire.CONCLUSION:The SHSQ-50 is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring TCM syndrome diagnosis of SHS in China.     

Reflections on the research status of Kampo Medicine: A most rewarding visit to Japan

<正>Traditional medicine in Japan originated from Chinese medicine(CM),on the basis of which the abdominal diagnosis and treatment by differentiation of diseases were developed.It was also called Kampo medicine(KM),natural medicine or oriental medicine. KM had been on the verge of extinction by suffering from serious loss during the Meiji Restoration,and only started to revive in the beginning of the 1950s, and has had considerable progress up to now.     

《中药化学专论》研究生优质课程的建设与思考

[目的]探讨研究生《中药化学专论》优质课程的建设模式与方法。[方法]基于课程教学是研究生教育的重要环节,通过对浙江中医药大学《中药化学专论》课程在教学内容、教学手段、教学资源、网站平台、教师素质等多方面的系列改革进行分析,归纳总结优质课程建设的具体模式与实施方法。[结果]《中药化学专论》课程以对本科阶段《中药化学》课程知识的归纳和提升为基础,重点讲授中药化学成分提取、分离、鉴定的新技术,借助课程网站平台,融合线下实验操作、线上虚拟仿真,以翻转课堂式的幻灯片(powerpoint,PPT)汇报作为课程评价体系的主要组成部分,并在教学过程中不断提升教师素质,从而有效拓展了研究生课题研究的广度和深度,研究生对课题方案的设计能力、口头表述能力乃至PPT的制作能力也得以大大提升,为后续开题报告、论文的撰写和课题实验的实施提供了良好的保障。[结论]《中药化学专论》优质课程建设过程中所形成的课程体系和讲授模式,全方位保证了研究生培养的质量,为中药学研究生专业技能和科研能力的提升提供了新的借鉴。     

担任生殖医学专业临床带教工作的体会

生殖医学是21世纪最具发展前景的学科,我国对生殖医学专业人员的需求数量庞大,并逐年递增。加强生殖医学专业教育人才的培养,是解决我国生殖医学人才缺乏问题的重要环节之一。担任生殖医学临床教学的教师要不断加强学习,与国内外科研前沿结合,采用多样化的教学方式,从而激发学生的学习兴趣;并充分利用临床病案,进行互动式教学,在提高临床手术技能的同时,加强科研能力的培养。同时,还应注重加强医学生的人文素质教育,提高医学生修养,以培养高素质的生殖医学专业人才。     

建立临床医学专业学位研究生临床能力考核评估体系的思考

本文根据肿瘤放射治疗学特点及临床诊疗规律,以科学、客观、全面、完整、可测量为原则,依据学生掌握的基础理论和专业知识,思考对专科能力评价指标进行分解、细化、量化,提出各级考核指标,确定评价标准.通过对考核结果 进行分类、分项统计,以及时提供反馈信息指导教学,提高医学专业学位研究生的教育质量.     

SOCIAL SURVEY ON INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE——Situation of Integrative Medicine in China： Results from a National Survey in 2004

Integrative medicine （ IM）, usually called integrated traditional and Western medicine in China, which came into being in the 1950s as a new form of medicine, although is now developing quickly, little is known about its status and existing problems. So a national survey in China was conducted through questionnaire in 2004 by Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine with the support of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine （SATCM）. The results show that, of all the medical professionals investigated in this survey, 91.21% and 93.52% respondents respectively favored IM as the best diagnostic and therapeutic method. Of all the patients who once went through TCM, Western medicine （WM） and IM therapies, 68.85%, 65.45% and 71.2% respondents respectively most appreciated IM, IM hospitals and IM therapeutic treatments. Most of the 6 595 respondents held that the optimal scientific research strategy in TOM should be integrating modern medical research method （ n = 2 380） or modern scientific method （ n = 2 920）. However, many hospitals exposed the problems in the aspects of governmental supports and funding supports, human resources, and domestic or international academic activities. These results indicated that IM is the patients＇ social needs and doctors＇ aspiration in China. For further development of IM, the enhancement of scientific research construction and assistance by policies and finance from the government and other institutions are urgently needed in China.     

排卵障碍性不孕中西医治疗近况

排卵功能障碍是导致女性不孕的主要因素之一,促排卵是排卵障碍性不孕症的主要治疗方法。文章综述了近年来国内应用中医、西医及中西医结合治疗排卵功能障碍的近况及临床疗效,说明了中西医结合治疗无排卵性不孕具有良好的临床实用价值和发展前景。     

排卵障碍性不孕中西医治疗近况

排卵功能障碍是导致女性不孕的主要因素之一,促排卵是排卵障碍性不孕症的主要治疗方法。文章综述了近年来国内应用中医、西医及中西医结合治疗排卵功能障碍的近况及临床疗效,说明了中西医结合治疗无排卵性不孕具有良好的临床实用价值和发展前景。     

守正创新——中医世家孟祥俊访谈录

为深入挖掘燕赵中医世家的学术思想、专业成就、形成脉络及学术贡献,河北大学中医学院院长葛少钦教授就百年孟氏中医传承脉络、九针医学及守正创新、九针医学科学性等问题与孟氏中医传承人孟祥俊进行了学术交流及深度访谈,并提出民间医生与高校合作研究的九针医学思路。     

Situation of Integrative Medicine in China:Results from a National Survey in 2004

Integrative medicine (IM), usually called integrated traditional and Western medicine in China, which came into being in the 1950s as a new form of medicine, although is now developing quickly, little is known about its status and existing problems. So a national survey in China was conducted through questionnaire in 2004 by Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine with the support of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SATCM). The results show that, of all the medical professionals investigated in this survey, 91.21% and 93. 52% respondents respectively favored IM as the best diagnostic and therapeutic method. Of all the patients who once went through TCM, Western medicine (WM) and IM therapies, 68. 85% , 65. 45% and 71.2% respondents respectively most appreciated IM, IM hospitals and IM therapeutic treatments. Most of the 6595 respondents held that the optimal scientific research strategy in TCM should be integrating modern medical research method (n=2380) or modern scientific method (n=2920). However, many hospitals exposed the problems in the aspects of governmental supports and funding supports, human resources, and domestic or international academic activities. These results indicated that IM is the patients' social needs and doctors' aspiration in China. For further development of IM, the enhancement of scientific research construction and assistance by policies and finance from the government and other institutions are urgently needed in China.     

浅议如何定义医学职业素养

通过介绍美国内科医学委员会职业素养项目、国外部分学者对医学职业素养的评论、国外对医学职业素养的最新研究和国内医学职业素养研究近况,提出定义医学职业素养的意义,以及定义医学职业素养时需考虑我国自古以来的医德传统、社会期望/公众需求等因素,并提出了医学职业素养的定义。     

传统型中医临床人才培养及学科建设的理论探讨与实践

介绍了传统型中医临床人才模式的背景，结合上海中医药大学附属曙光医院的传统型中医临床人才培养及学科建设情况，提出了传统型中医临床人才的选拔目的、条件、方式以及培养方案和考核内容，并阐述了传统型中医临床人才的发展与使用，传统型中医临床学科的建设思路．提出了关于传统型中医临床人才与学科建设的几点思考。