RP—HPLC测定人血浆中洛伐他汀浓度及药动学研究

用ＲＰ－ＨＰＬＣ测定人血浆中洛伐他汀浓度。以甲醇－水（８３∶１７，Ｖ／Ｖ）为流动相，色谱柱采用ＨＹＰＥＲＳＩＬＢＤＳ－Ｃ１８（５μｍ）不锈钢柱，紫外２３７ｎｍ波长检测。血浆样品经环己烷－异丙醇（９５∶５）萃取浓缩后进样测定。洛伐他汀浓度在２．５～８０ｎｇ／ｍｌ范围内线性良好，ｒ＝０．９９６８。测定含洛伐他汀２０．０ｎｇ／ｍｌ的血浆样品，其日内（ｎ＝７）及日间（ｎ＝７）的ＲＳＤ分别为９．８％和８．５％。回收率平均为（１０１．３±５．５）％。测定了１０名健康志愿者单次ｐｏ洛伐他汀片剂８０ｍｇ后不同时间的血药浓度，计算了相应的药动学参数。     

HPLC测定人血浆中罗痛定浓度及药代动力学研究

建立了测定人血浆中罗痛定药物浓度的高效液相色谱法。采用ＹＷＧＣ１８色谱柱（２５０ｍｍ×４．６ｍｍ），以甲醇－水－三乙胺（７０∶３０∶０．３，ｖ／ｖ／ｖ，ｐＨ６．３）为流动相，维拉帕米为内标，用紫外检测器在２８１ｎｍ处检测。血浆样品用正己烷－正丁醇混合液（１２∶１）在碱性条件下提取。血药浓度在２．５～１０００ｎｇ／ｍｌ范围内呈线性关系，ｒ＝０．９９９１，最小检测浓度１．５ｎｇ／ｍｌ。日内、日间ＲＳＤ分别＜６．９％，＜８．７％。方法回收率＞９２．１％。应用该法研究了五名健康志愿者口服罗痛定片后的药代动力学。     

高效液相色谱法测定兔血浆间硝苯地平浓度

目的：测定兔血浆中间硝苯地平的浓度。方法：采用高效液相色谱内标定量法，粒径为３μｍ的Ｃ１８色谱柱，流动相为９５％甲醇：水（４５：２０，ｖ／ｖ），紫外检测波长为５３５０ｎｍ，使兔血浆中的间硝苯地平得到良好分离。结果：间硝苯地平的相对保留时间为７ｍｉｎ，最低检测浓度为１０ｎｇ／ｍｌ，血浆药物浓度在０￣５７６０ｎｇ／ｍｌ范围内具良好线性关系，日内变异系数为２．１％￣７．０％，日间变异系数为３．７％￣９．     

高效液相色谱法测定奥美拉唑血浆药物浓度

用反相高效液相色谱法测定人体血浆中奥美拉唑的浓度。采用国产填料（ＹＷＧ－Ｃ１８，１０ｕｍ）反相色谱柱，１．０％三乙胺甲醇：水（６０：４０，Ｖ：Ｖ）为流动相，心律平为内标。紫外检测波长为３０２ｎｍ。方法回收率分别为９８．０３％（５０ｎｇ／ｍｌ）、１０１．５５％（４００ｎｇ／ｍｌ）和１０３．１３％（１０００ｎｇ／ｍｌ），相应变异系数（ＣＶ）分别为２．９６％（ｎ＝３）、１．９２％（ｎ＝３）和１．０４％（ｎ＝３）。本方法最小检测量为３ｎｇ，最低检测血药浓度为１０ｎｇ／ｍｌ。至少在５０ｎｇ／ｍｌ至１０００ｎｇ／ｍｌ范围内呈良好线性关系。本方法专一性强、灵敏度高、准确、简便、快速。     

高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中翁丹西隆浓度

建立了翁丹西隆的高效液相色谱测定法。血浆样品用醋酸乙酯萃取，以ＺｏｒｂａｘＳｉｌｉｃａ为固定相，６０％０．０２５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ乙酸钠缓冲液（ｐＨ４．２）、４０％乙腈为流动相，紫外３１０ｎｍ处测定。采用外标法峰高定量。最低检出浓度达１ｎｇ／ｍｌ，线性范围１．０～４０．０ｎｇ／ｍｌ（ｒ＝０．９９９６），平均回收率为（９５．２２±３．５８）％（ＲＳＤ３．７６％）。用本法测定人血浆中翁丹西隆浓度具有快速、简便、专一性和灵敏度高的优点。     

HPLC法测定经皮渗透接受液中双氯灭痛的浓度

采用ＲＰ－ＨＰＬＣ以４＇－羟基－５－氯双氯灭痛为内标，测定了经皮渗透接受液中双氯灭痛的含量。考察了流动相组成、ｐＨ值等对双氯灭痛色谱行为的影响情况。方法简便准确，回收率为９８．４４％～１０２．３％，ＲＳＤ＜２．４％，双氯灭痛浓度在０．５～１６μｇ／ｍｌ范围内，线性关系良好（ｒ＝０．９９９９），最低检测限５０ｎｇ／ｍｌ。色谱条件为：Ｃ（１８）Ｈｙｐｅｒｓｉｌ（５μｍ，１００ｍｍ×４．６ｍｍ）不锈钢柱，甲醇ｐＨ７．０磷酸盐缓冲液（０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）（５６：４４）作流动用，检测波长２８０ｎｍ，进样量２０μｌ。     

气相色谱法测定人血浆中阿替洛尔含量

建立了人血浆中阿替洛尔气相色谱测定方法。提取样品经三氟乙酰化，电子捕获检测器检测，最低检测浓度可达５ｎｇ／ｍｌ。方法回收率大于９３％，日内、日间ＲＳＤ分别为２．５％和４．５％，血药浓度在５０￣２００ｎｇ／ｍｌ呈线性关系，ｒ＝０．９９８３６，ｎ＝７。     

HPLC法测定人血浆中维拉帕米浓度

建立了高效液相色谱测定维拉帕米血药浓度的新方法。血浆样品用正己烷－乙醚（１：１，Ｖ／Ｖ）提取，以Ｚｏｒｂａｘ Ｓｉｌｉｃａ为固定相，０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸二氢铵－乙腈－甲醇－三乙胺（５０：２５：２５：０．２５，Ｖ／Ｖ）为流动相，紫外２３２ｎｍ处测定。采用外标法峰高定量。血药浓度在２．５￣４００．０ｎｇ／ｍｌ线性关系良好，ｒ＝０．９９９６。最低检测浓度为２．０ｎｇ／ｍｌ。回收率达９５．１１％￣１０１     

双氯灭痛血药浓度的高效液相色谱分析

研究了反相高效液相色谱测定双氯灭痛血药浓度的新方法，考察了蛋白沉淀剂乙腈用量、流动相ｐＨ值等对血药色谱行为的影响。优化的色谱条件为：Ｃ（１８）Ｈｙｐｅｒｓｉｌ（５μｍ，１００ｍｍ×４．６ｍｍ）不锈钢柱，甲醇－乙腈－ｐＨ６．０磷酸盐缓冲液（２５：２０：５５）作流动相，检测波长２８０ｎｍ，进样量５０μｌ。采用乙腈沉淀蛋白后直接进样，操作简便快速，回收率达９９．１８％～１０３．６％，日内ＲＳＤ为３．４％～３．７％，日间ＲＳＤ４．４％～４．９％，血药浓度在０．２５～８．Ｏμｇ／ｍｌ线性关系良好，ｒ＝０．９９９４，血药最低检测浓度为２００ｎｇ／ｍｌ。     

高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中大黄酸含量及药动学研究

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中大黄酸的含量，研究大黄酸在正常人体内的药物动力学。方法：色谱柱为ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣ１８５μ，２５０ｍｍ×４．６ｍｍ；流动相为甲醇－水－冰乙酸（８０∶２０∶０．５，ｐＨ３．７），紫外λ／ｎｍ２５４ｎｍ检测。用３Ｐ８７程序计算６名健康志愿者口服１００ｍｇ大黄酸后的药动学参数。结果：血药浓度在０．１～１０．０μｇ／ｍｌ范围内线性关系良好，其相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９４，最小检测浓度３０ｎｇ／ｍｌ。回收率＞９１．８％；日内、日间相对标准偏差（ＲＳＤ）分别＜８．４％、１０．３％（ｎ＝５）。主要药动学参数为ｔ１／２＝４．０８±０．５３ｈ，ｔｍａｘ＝２．２４±０．６３ｈ，Ｃｍａｘ＝１１．８５±５．０３μｇ／ｍｌ，ＡＵＣ０→∞＝９３．４±４３．５μｇ／（ｈ·ｍｌ）。结论：该方法简单、灵敏，并为大黄酸的进一步研究开发创造了条件     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.