联苯双酯固体脂质纳米粒的制备

目的以乳化蒸发—低温固化法制备联苯双酯固体脂质纳米粒。方法在单因素考察的基础上以正交试验优化、筛选最佳处方和制备工艺。用透射电镜观察固体脂质纳米粒的形态,激光粒度仪测定Zeta电位和粒径大小,葡聚糖凝胶柱法测定其包封率。结果所制得的联苯双酯固体脂质纳米粒外观形态圆整,粒度分布均匀,平均粒径为(193±6)nm,电位为(-21.5±1.2)mV,包封率为(45.1±1.1)%。结论乳化蒸发—低温固化法适用于联苯双酯固体脂质纳米粒的制备。     

姜黄素固体脂质纳米粒制备及体外释放的研究

[目的]以单硬脂酸甘油酯为载体材料制备姜黄素固体脂质纳米粒及其体外释放行为的研究。[方法]采用乳化蒸发-低温固化法制备姜黄素固体脂质纳米粒,高速离心法测其包封率,激光粒径仪测定其粒径、电位,用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)表征其性质,采用透析法考察固体脂质纳米粒中姜黄素的体外释放行为。[结果]姜黄素固体脂质纳米粒的平均粒径为(89.24±2.06)nm,Zeta电位为(-18.77±1.27)m V,药物平均包封率为(89.55±1.84)%,DSC结果表明其理化性质稳定可靠,体外12 h累计释放率为(43.12±1.02)%。[结论]制备的姜黄素固体脂质纳米粒粒径小且分布均匀,具有良好的缓释作用。     

不同浓度的非那雄胺固体脂质纳米粒的制备

目的：摸索出非那雄胺固体脂质纳米粒的制备方法。方法：采用改良的乳化蒸发-低温固化法将非那雄胺包封于固体脂质纳米粒中,制备0.1%、0.5%、1%不同浓度非那雄胺-固体脂质纳米粒（finasteride Solid lipid nanoparticles,FSLN）混悬液,观察其外观,用透射电镜考察其形态。结果：仅有0.1%非那雄胺-固体脂质纳米粒外观均匀,粒径为（98.2±15.3）,包封率96.3%。结论：0.1%非那雄胺-固体脂质纳米粒包封率高,粒径分布较均匀,具有一定的稳定性。     

索拉非尼半乳糖神经酰胺固体脂质纳米粒的研制

目的研制索拉非尼半乳糖神经酰胺固体脂质纳米粒（S-GC-SLN）混悬液。方法采用乳化蒸发一低温固化法制备S-GC—SLN,正交试验法优选处方,透射电镜观察形态,激光粒度测定仪测定粒径、多分散指数及Zeta电位,采用葡聚糖凝胶柱层析法与HPLC法测定包封率。结果优选处方为：索拉非尼15mg、半乳糖神经酰胺250mg、泊洛沙姆188350mg、蛋黄卵磷脂450mg。所制脂质纳米粒子为类球形实体,粒径为（186．6±2．6）nm,Zeta电位为（-46．1±2．9）mV,包封率为（83．47±1．54）％。结论乳化蒸发一低温固化法制备S-GC—SLN可行,为开发索拉非尼新制剂提供了实验依据。     

和厚朴酚固体脂质纳米粒的制备及性质研究

目的 制备具有缓释作用的和厚朴酚固体脂质纳米粒。方法 采用乳化蒸发-低温固化法制备和厚朴酚固体脂质纳米粒,通过正交试验对处方进行优化,并对其包封率、粒径、体外释放等进行考察。结果 制备的固体脂质纳米粒的平均粒径为159 nm,包封率为77.1%。结论 乳化蒸发-低温固化法可用于制备和厚朴酚固体脂质纳米粒。     

麦角甾苷眼用固体脂质纳米粒制备及其体外释药的研究

[目的] 研究麦角甾苷眼用固体脂质纳米粒的制备方法及其体外释放的情况。[方法] 采用乳化蒸发-低温固化法制备麦角甾苷固体脂质纳米粒,超滤离心法测其包封率,并对其粒径、电位、进行进一步考察,用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)表征其性质,采用透析法考察固体脂质纳米粒中麦角甾苷的体外释放行为。[结果] 麦角甾苷固体脂质纳米粒的平均粒径为85.56 nm,Zeta 电位约为-20.97 mV,药物平均包封率为88.31 %,DSC 表明其理化性质稳定可靠,体外12 h 累计释放率62.46 %。[结论] 制备的麦角甾苷固体脂质纳米粒包封率较高,粒径小且分布均匀,有良好的缓释作用。     

盐酸小檗碱眼用固体脂质纳米粒的研究*

[目的]制备盐酸小檗碱固体脂质纳米粒。[方法]采用乳化蒸发低温固化法制备盐酸小檗碱纳米粒,采用离体角膜透过实验对其体外进行评价。[结果]制备的纳米粒的包封率为51.1%,平均粒径为(19±2)nm,zeta电位为-11.5 mV,表观渗透系数为(1.46±0.45)×10-6cm/s,与对照组相比增加了16%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]所用制备工艺简单,可用于制备盐酸小檗碱固体脂质纳米粒。     

环丙沙星-固体脂质纳米粒的制备及抗菌效果

目的 制备环丙沙星固体脂质纳米粒并检测其抑菌效果。方法 以胆固醇为脂质,以吐温80为表面活性剂,采用乳化-低温固化法制备固体脂质纳米粒并对其进行表征,包括粒径、Zeta电位、载药量、包封率、分散性以及体外缓释。使用二倍稀释法测定药物对大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度。结果 透射电镜扫描可见环丙沙星-固体脂质纳米粒粒径呈球形,直径40~70nm;Zeta电位（-21.8±1.3） mV;包封率为77.54%;载药量31.10%;紫外-可见光谱见纳米粒中环丙沙星280nm处特征性吸收波峰;体外缓释72h的累计释放度为78.6%。环丙沙星固体脂质纳米粒的最低抑菌浓度为0.8μg/mL,环丙沙星最低抑菌浓度为1.6μg/mL。结论 采用乳化-低温固化法成功制备环丙沙星固体脂质纳米粒,方法简便。固体脂质纳米可提高环丙沙星抑菌效果。     

载替莫唑胺纳米粒制备方法比较研究

目的 比较载替莫唑胺聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒( TMZ-PBCA-NP)的不同制备方法,确定最佳制备工艺.方法 以α-氰基丙烯酸正丁酯(BCA)为载体,分别采用乳化聚合法和界面聚合法制备TMZ-PBCA-NP,加以吐温-80(T-80)进行表面修饰,并通过zeta电位仪检测纳米粒粒径和电位、透射电镜观察纳米粒形态、紫外分光光度计测定各自的包封率和载药量.结果 乳化聚合法制备的TMZ-PBCA-NP平均粒径(135.8±11.3)nm,表面电位(-24.8±2.2 )mV,包封率(44.23±2.04)％,载药量(2.80±0.05)％ ;界面聚合法制得的载药纳米粒平均粒径(175.4±10.2)nm,表面电位(-18.3±3.6 )mV,包封率(44.35±2.58)％,载药量(2.31±0.47)％.透射电镜下观察两种方法所制备的纳米粒大小均较为均匀,粒子间无明显聚集.结论 采用乳化聚合法制备TMZ-PBCA-NP效果较优于界面聚合法.     

丹参酮ⅡA长循环固体脂质纳米粒的制备及其理化性质研究

制备丹参酮ⅡA长循环固体脂质纳米粒（TA-LSLN）并考察其理化性质。方法：以乳化，溶剂挥发法制备丹参酮ⅡA固体脂质纳米粒，测定其粒径、Zeta电位和药物包封率，以透射电镜观察纳米粒形态，考察了纳米粒的稳定性，并进行TA-LSLN的体外释放试验。结果：纳米粒平均粒径为107．6nm，Zeta电位为-34．5mV，包封率为82．3％。4℃放置1个月粒径和包封率无变化。体外释药试验表明TA-LSLN开始阶段释放较快，10h时释放了41％，之后缓慢释放；体外释药结果符合Weibull方程。结论：制备的TA-LSLN平均粒径和包封率较为理想，能使药物缓慢释放。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…