团体心理训练对军医大学护理新生心理健康的影响

目的 研究团体心理训练对军医大学护理新生心理健康的影响.方法 以<军人心理素质训练>为训练教材,对54例军校护理新生进行为期2个月的团体心理训练,同时设置对照组.采用症状自评量表(symptom checklist 90,SCL-90)、焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)和社会支持量表(social support rate scale,SSRS)于训练前后对训练组和对照组进行团体心理测评.进行训练前后两组样本的配对t检验.结果 ①团体心理训练后,试验组SCL-90躯体化、焦虑因子和阳性项目数得分非常显著下降(P＜0.01),总均分显著下降(P＜0.05);对照组躯体化得分非常显著下降(P＜0.01),恐怖和阳性项目数得分显著下降(P＜0.05);②团体心理训练后,试验组SAS得分非常显著地下降(P＜0.01),对照组SAS得分显著下降(P＜0.05);SDS得分,两组前后测量差异不显著(P＞0.05);③团体心理训练后,试验组支持利用度得分显著提高(P＜0.05),对照组社会支持各因子得分无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论 团体心理训练在一定程度上能改善军医大学护理新生的心理健康水平,提高其军校适应能力.     

原发性高血压患者焦虑抑郁情绪及其应对方式的相关性研究

目的:探讨原发性高血压患者焦虑抑郁情绪、应对方式及其二者问的相关性.方法:采用自行设计的一般情况问卷、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、简易应对方式问卷对原发性高血压患者和体检健康者各80例进行评定分析.结果:①高血压组焦虑情绪发生率37.5%,抑郁情绪发生率31.3%;对照组焦虑情绪发生率8.75%,抑郁情绪发生率6.25%.②高血压组SAS、SDS得分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).③高血压组积极应对维度得分显著低于对照组,消极应对维度得分显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).④高血压患者积极应对方式与SAS、SDS得分均呈负相关;消极应对方式与SAS、SDS得分均呈正相关(P＜0.01).结论:高血压患者存在明显的焦虑抑郁情绪,且常采用消极应对,而积极应对不足,其情绪状态与应对方式的关系密切.     

围绝经期甲状腺功能减退症患者焦虑及抑郁情绪的临床研究

目的 以甲状腺功能减退症的围绝经期女性为研究对象,探讨甲状腺激素水平与这类人群焦虑和抑郁情绪的关系.方法 采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)和抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)对甲状腺功能正常(对照组,n =33)、亚临床甲状腺功能减退症(亚临床甲减组,n=35)和临床甲状腺功能减退症(临床甲减组,n=78)的围绝经期女性进行评分,评估患者焦虑和抑郁的发生率以及评分与甲状腺激素的相关性.结果 临床甲减组SAS标准分较对照组升高(P＜0.05),亚临床甲减组SAS标准分对照组比较未见明显差异(P＞0.05);临床甲减组SDS标准分较其他两组均升高(P＜0.05),亚临床甲减组SDS标准分较对照组升高(P＜0.05).以中国人群常模为界值,各组SAS和SDS评分超过常模的发生率均有显著性差异(P＜0.05),其中临床甲减组SAS和SDS评分超过常模的发生率显著高于其余两组(P＜0.05),亚临床甲减组显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).SAS评分与游离甲状腺素(FT4)和促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平分别呈显著负相关(r=-0.326,P＜0.01)和正相关(r=0.240,P＜0.01);SDS评分三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、FT4均呈显著负相关(r=-0.427,r=-0.627,P＜0.01),与TSH呈显著正相关关系(r=0.555,P＜0.01).结论 围绝经期甲状腺功能减退症女性更易出现抑郁和焦虑,该时期患者抑郁和焦虑的程度与甲状腺激素水平相关.     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症患者焦虑及抑郁症状的临床调查

目的:了解ICP患者的焦虑及抑郁状况.方法:选择102例ICP患者及188例正常孕妇,以SAS、SDS自评量表进行问卷调查.结果:ICP组SAS及SDS总分明显高于正常待产组(P＜0.01);在ICP组,高龄初产妇、不良孕产史者其SDS得分明显高于无上述情况者(P＜0.01),SAS得分在高龄初产妇明显高于正常育龄妇女(P＜0.01);教师患者的SAS得分明显高于文秘(P＜0.05),其SDS明显高于文秘、行政人员及家庭主妇(P＜0.05).结论:ICP患者有一定的焦虑与抑郁症状,其焦虑与抑郁程度与ICP患者年龄、孕产史及职业有关.     

癌症患者心理灵活性与焦虑抑郁情绪状态分析

目的 研究癌症患者心理灵活性及其焦虑、抑郁状态.方法 方便选取癌症患者168人,施测接纳与行动问卷第二版(AAQ-Ⅱ)、认知融合问卷(CFQ)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、生命意义量表(MLQ),回收有效问卷144份,对数据进行单因素方差分析、Pearson相关分析及逐步多元回归分析.结果 癌症患者焦虑得分显著高于常模(t=236.58,P＜0.01);抑郁得分显著高于常模(t=11.76,P＜0.01);MLQ与AAQ-Ⅱ、CFQ、SAS、SDS显著负相关(r=-0.188～-0.468,均P＜0.05),AAQ-Ⅱ、CFQ、SAS、SDS间显著正相关(r=0.322～0.790,均P＜0.01);不同癌症类型间SDS、SAS、AAQ-Ⅱ、CFQ、MLQ的得分差异无统计学意义;以AAQ-Ⅱ、CFQ、MLQ为自变量分别对SAS、SDS进行逐步多元回归分析,AAQ-Ⅱ、MLQ-P共可解释焦虑39％的变异量,AAQ-Ⅱ和MLQ-P共可解释抑郁29％的变异量.结论 癌症患者的焦虑抑郁程度明显高于正常人群,心理灵活性与焦虑抑郁程度呈显著负相关,且心理灵活性对焦虑抑郁有显著的解释力.     

60例伤残患者SAS、SDS问卷调查分析

目的：探讨伤残患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪。方法：应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行调查。结果：伤残患者SAS均分、SDS均分明显高于常模，二者差异有非常显著意义(P＜0．01)。不同年龄之间SDS均分差异无统计学意义(P＞0．05)，SAS均分差异有显著性意义(P＜0．05)，不同伤残等级间SAS均分、SDS均分差异均有显著性意义(P＜0．05)。结论：伤残患者存在较严重的焦虑、抑郁等心理卫生问题。     

急进高海拔高原驻训军人急性应激反应特点

目的 探讨急进高海高原驻训军人急性应激反应特点.方法 采用军人急性应激反应量表(acute stress response scale for armymen,ASRSA),于到达高原(海拔3 450 m)3d内,对600名急进高海拔高原驻训军人进行团体心理测评,比较其急性应激反应的人员类别、文化程度、子女结构和婚姻状况差异.结果 各项目与总分之间的相关系数在0.72～0.95(P＜0.01),同质性信度(Cronbachα系数)为0.961,Spearman分半信度为0.946,说明ASRSA在急进高海拔高原军人群体中有较好的信度和区分度,可以作为急进高海拔高原军人群体中的测评工具.①急进高海拔高原驻训军人急性应激反应各维度得分在士(军)官和义务兵组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).②急进高海拔高原驻训军人急性应激反应各维度得分在文化程度组间差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),本科及以上文化组认知改变、情绪反应、行为变化、生理反应、病理改变、工作效率和总反应指数得分显著高于高中及以下文化组(P＜0.05);③独生子组急性应激反应病理改变和工作效率维度得分显著高于非独生子组(P＜0.05);④急进高海拔高原驻训军人急性应激反应各维度得分在未婚组和已婚组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);⑤急进高海拔高原驻训军人急性应激反应病理改变得分在各军龄组间差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 急进高海拔高原驻训军人急性应激反应得分存在显著的文化程度、子女结构和军龄差异.     

50例住院伤残荣誉军人SAS、SDS问卷调查

目的：探讨住院伤残荣誉军人的焦虑、抑郁情绪。方法：应用焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）进行测查。结果：住院伤残荣誉军人SAS均分、SDS均分明显高于常模,二差异有非常显性（P＜0.01),不同残疾等级间SAS、均分、SDS均分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05);不同年龄间SDS均分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05),SAS均分差导有显性（P＜0.05)。结论：住院伤残荣誉军人存在较严重的心理卫生问题。     

高海拔环境下军人状态-特质焦虑的特点研究

目的 研究高海拔环境下军人状态-特质焦虑的特点.方法 采用状态-特质焦虑问卷(state-trait anxiety inventory,STAI),对驻高原地区45个部队6 019名军人进行团体测评,分析军人状态-特质焦虑的特点.结果 ①性别:女性TAI得分显著高于男性(P＜0.01).②职别:军官组SAI和TAI得分显著高于士兵和士官组(P＜0.01).③年龄:＞30岁组TAI得分显著高于25岁以下各组(P＜0.01);＞25 ～30岁组TAI得分显著高于20岁以下各组(P＜0.01).④军龄:TAI得分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);＞ 12～16年组和＞16年组TAI得分显著高于≤1年、＞1 ～2年、＞2 ～5年和＞5 ～8年组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).⑤海拔高度:SAI和TAI得分差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);≤2000 m组SAI和TAI得分显著高于＞2 500～3 000 m组(P＜0.01).⑥文化程度:呈现SAI和TAI得分大学及以上组＞高中(中专)组＞初中及以下组的趋势(P＜0.01).⑦非独生子女组SAI得分显著低于独生子女组(P＜0.05).结论 高海拔环境的军人状态特质焦虑在性别、职别、年龄、军龄、文化程度、独生子女情况和海拔高度上差异有统计学意义.     

青壮年癫痫患者人际关系敏感水平与焦虑抑郁情绪、主观幸福感的相关性

目的 探讨青壮年癫痫患者人际关系敏感水平与焦虑抑郁情绪及主观幸福感的相关性.方法 对87例符合诊断标准的青壮年癫痫患者,依症状自评量表( SCL-90)的人际关系敏感因子评分≥3分,将患者分为高人际关系敏感组(研究组)、人际关系敏感正常组(对照组).再分别进行焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)及总体幸福感量表(GWB)的测评,并进行分析.结果 研究组人际关系敏感因子得分为(3.64±0.51)分,对照组为(2.73±0.43)分,两者差异有显著性(t=8.91,P＜0.01).87例癫痫患者中人际关系敏感者47例,占54.02％.研究组SDS、SAS得分均高于对照组(P＜0.01).研究组GWB得分显著低于于对照组(P＜0.01).研究组GWB对健康的担心、精力、对生活的满足和兴趣、忧郁或愉快的心境、松弛与紧张(焦虑)因子得分,均低于对照组(P＜0.01);而对情感和行为的控制得分均高于对照组,但差异无显著性(P＞0.05).人际关系敏感因子得分与SDS、SAS及GWB评分,除GWB的0因子外,均显著正相关.结论 人际关系敏感水平对青壮年癫痫患者焦虑抑郁情绪及主观幸福感有着重要的影响作用.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.