双侧子宫动脉栓塞术治疗难治性产后出血21例分析

目的探讨双侧子宫动脉栓塞术治疗难治性产后出血的疗效及安全性。方法于2003年4月至2005年9月采用Seldinger技术行双侧子宫动脉栓塞术,治疗东莞市厚街医院各种原因导致难治性产后出血21例。其中胎盘早剥合并DIC10例,部分性胎盘植入8例,子宫下段裂伤3例。结果21例患者平均手术时间(40±5)min,栓塞术后平均止血时间(10.0±3.2)min。均抢救成功并保留了子宫,近期无明显并发症。结论双侧子宫动脉栓塞术治疗难治性产后出血具有止血快,且能保留子宫等优点。     

髂内动脉栓塞治疗难治性晚期产后出血17例

目的介绍髂内动脉栓塞治疗难治性晚期产后出血的经验.方法采用右股动脉seldinger's穿刺技术,选择性插管至双侧髂内动脉,经导管注入明胶海绵颗粒栓塞双侧髂内动脉.结果晚期产后出血17例,其中剖宫产术后13例,阴道分娩后4例,经栓塞后立即止血.结论髂内动脉栓塞治疗晚期产后出血具有快速、安全、有效,能保留子宫,维持患者正常生育及内分泌功能等优点.     

导管动脉栓塞术在难治性产后出血中的应用

目的　探讨经导管动脉栓塞术（TAE）在难治性产后出血中的应用价值。方法　以Seldinger技术对14例难治性产后出血患者,行经皮双髂内动脉前干或子宫动脉超选择插管术,应用数字减影血管造影（DSA）技术明确出血部位后灌注抗生素(头孢噻甲羧肟),并以明胶海绵颗粒栓塞。结果　（1）14例经保守治疗无效的难治性产后出血患者,经TAE治疗后一次性止血成功,止血时间3～10min,平均时间(6.1±3.6)min,手术时间30～50min,平均（41.8±6.4）min;（2）应用DSA发现,出血均来源于单侧或双侧子宫动脉,表现为宫腔内弥漫性、局灶性出血或单侧子宫动脉分支出血;（3）随访2～60个月,14例患者均恢复规律月经,无严重并发症发生。结论　应用TAE治疗难治性产后出血有较好的临床效果,具有止血快、并发症少的特点。     

双侧子宫动脉栓塞术治疗胎盘早剥并发DIC 10例临床分析

目的探讨双侧子宫动脉栓塞治疗胎盘早剥并发DIC的可行性和安全性。方法对10例胎盘早剥并发DIC产后出血患者在补充足量凝血因子、抗休克、宫腔塞纱治疗基础上行双侧子宫动脉插管明胶海绵颗粒栓塞。结果10例患者双侧子宫动脉插管均成功，插管成功率100%，平均手术时间（42±5）min，栓塞术平均止血时间（11±3.2）min。10例患者均抢救成功并保留了子宫，无明显近期并发症。结论双侧子宫动脉栓塞治疗胎盘早剥并发DIC产后出血有较好的临床效果，具有止血快，能保留子宫等优点。     

选择性子宫动脉栓塞术治疗难治性产后出血13例临床分析

目的探讨子宫动脉栓塞术治疗难治性产后出血的时机、疗效及并发症。方法对北京大学人民医院13例难治性产后出血患者,利用数字减影造影（DSA）技术选择子宫动脉及其分支行栓塞治疗。结果 13例产后出血患者分娩时出血量为150～4000ml,平均出血量1200（1200±1215）ml。产后出血总量870～4000ml,平均2555（2555±995）ml。13例患者栓塞前均行按摩子宫,卡孕栓肛塞及欣母沛宫体注射促进子宫收缩,2例剖宫产术中出血患者已行子宫动脉上行支结扎、B-Lynch缝合以及宫腔填纱止血,效果均不佳,经子宫动脉栓塞后12例均成功止血,仅1例未能止血而行全子宫切除术。13例产后出血行子宫动脉栓塞术前存在不同程度的凝血功能异常,在积极纠正凝血功能异常同时行栓塞术。栓塞术后无严重并发症发生,发热为最为常见并发症,但应警惕感染。结论凝血功能障碍并非子宫动脉栓塞术的禁忌证,只要把握好子宫动脉栓塞的时机,子宫动脉栓塞术能有效治疗产后出血,并且并发症少。     

选择性动脉栓塞治疗妇产科大出血的临床应用

目的 研究选择性髂内动脉栓塞或子宫动脉栓塞技术在妇产科大出血中的临床应用。方法 选择性双侧髂内动脉或子宫动脉栓塞术治疗19例妇产科大出血患者，其中产后出血12例，功血3例，人工流产术后宫内残留2例，侵蚀性葡萄胎1例，绒癌子宫穿孔1例。产后出血、功血、宫内残留患者用明胶海绵栓塞，肿瘤患者用化疗药物加碘油混悬液、明胶海绵栓塞。结果 19例妇产科大出血患者栓塞后立即止血或出血明显减少，除1例出现右髂外动脉血栓形成，行右股动脉切开取栓术后好转外，余无严重并发症。结论 髂内动脉或子宫动脉栓塞技术的开展既避免了开腹手术，又不影响患者脏器功能，保留了年轻患者的生育功能，对抢救妇产科大出血是安全有效的。     

子宫动脉栓塞术后坏死性子宫内膜炎6例临床分析

目的:探讨子宫动脉栓塞术后发生坏死性子宫内膜炎的6例病例的原因及临床特点。方法:回顾性分析2010年5月至2019年10月我院子宫动脉栓塞术后发生坏死性子宫内膜炎病例6例,分析其临床特点、高危因素、治疗及预后。结果:6例患者年龄26～44岁,均行子宫动脉栓塞术,4例因产后出血行子宫动脉栓塞术,2例因胎盘滞留行子宫动脉栓塞术,术后均发生坏死性子宫内膜炎,除1例胎盘滞留合并产后出血病例宫腔组织培养未见细菌生长外,其余5例培养证实为细菌感染。宫腔组织病理检查均提示坏死性子宫内膜炎。临床表现:6例患者均表现为体温升高、腹痛,超声表现均表现为宫腔内不均回声团块。治疗:联合抗生素及缩宫素的使用,6例患者经历1～3次清宫,清除宫腔内坏死组织后,均治愈,术后随访2例出现宫腔粘连子宫性闭经,3例出现月经量少。结论:产后出血、子宫动脉栓塞术,且术后合并感染时,需警惕产后坏死性子宫内膜炎的发生,应及时清除宫腔内坏死组织,结合敏感抗生素治疗并充分与患者沟通远期预后。     

子宫动脉栓塞术中央型前置胎盘引产中的应用

目的:探讨子宫动脉栓塞术治疗中期妊娠中央性前置胎盘出血的可行性及疗效。方法:我院于2009年1月至2010年12月采用Seldinger技术对6例中期妊娠中央性前置胎盘出血患者进行超选择性双侧子宫动脉栓塞术。同时应用米非司酮配伍前列腺醇终止妊娠。结果:6例患者术毕阴道出血即停止,术后平均31.8h排出胎儿及附属物,无产后出血,平均36d恢复月经。现4例已足月分娩,1例已妊娠14周,另1例正在观察中。结论:介入治疗中期妊娠中央性前置胎盘出血疗效可靠,能保留生育功能,有促进引产作用。     

子宫动脉结扎与盆腔动脉栓塞治疗难治性产后出血的效果研究

目的探讨子宫动脉结扎与盆腔动脉栓塞(PAE)在难治性产后出血中应用效果。方法收集北京积水潭医院2014年1月至2017年5月期间因难治性产后出血接受子宫动脉结扎和PAE临床资料34例。对出血原因、术中术后情况及治疗结果分析。结果 (1)分娩方式:子宫动脉结扎组均剖宫产分娩,19例PAE中,7例阴道分娩,12例剖宫产;(2)术前及总出血量:子宫动脉结扎组术前平均出血量、总平均出血量均小于PAE,差异有统计学意义(1 522 vs 1 951 ml,P0.05;1746 vs 2437 ml,P0.05)。子宫动脉结扎输注红细胞悬液量和血浆量明显少于PAE组,差异有统计学意义(2.0 vs 5.1 U,P0.05;1.0 vs 4.0 U,P0.05);(3)出血原因:34例难治性产后出血原因中,胎盘因素居首位,其次是子宫收缩乏力,软产道因素;(4)术前干预措施:子宫动脉结扎术前无手术干预。PAE前有手术干预,包括:宫腔填塞、球囊压迫、血肿清除;(5)止血成功率及预后:子宫动脉结扎与PAE均有效止血,保留了子宫。止血成功率两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。月经恢复时间在两组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论子宫动脉结扎与PAE对于难治性产后出血均有良好的止血效果,PAE具有手术时间短、术中出血少的优势,难治性产后出血产妇应根据具体情况选择合适止血方式。     

介入治疗时机在前置胎盘治疗中的探讨

目的:探讨前置胎盘手术中介入栓塞治疗的时机。方法:对23例前置胎盘并发产时出血患者行不同时机的微创穿刺插管栓塞子宫动脉。结果:21例出血停止,2例行子宫切除,其中6例剖宫产术前置管,胎儿娩出后立即栓塞,出血明显减少,均保留子宫。结论:优化介入时机,能有效减少前置胎盘出血并保留子宫。     

难治性产后出血干预性治疗方法的对比研究

目的探讨难治性产后出血的各种干预性措施在抢救过程中的合理应用及应用价值。方法分析1998年1月至2003年8月间，采用宫腔填塞纱布(塞纱)、盆腔动脉结扎、经导管动脉栓塞术等干预性措施的88例难治性产后出血病人的临床资料。结果全部抢救成功，其中18例宫腔塞纱者成功12例(66．7％)，12例盆腔动脉结扎中成功4例(33．3％)，30例经导管动脉栓塞术(TAE)治疗全部成功(100％)，42例一次开腹行全子宫切除术或加盆腔塞纱者成功36例(85．7％)。结论宫腔塞纱可压迫止血。TAE可替代子宫切除术。当子宫成为凝血功能障碍的病因时，主张行子宫切除．     

Selective arterial embolization of the uterine arteries in the management of intractable post-partum hemorrhage.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of selective arterial embolization in the management of intractable post-partum hemorrhage. METHODS: Thirty-five consecutive women with severe post-partum hemorrhage (primary, n=25; secondary, n=10) were treated by selective embolization of the uterine arteries. The main cause of immediate post-partum hemorrhage was atonic uterus. Retained placental fragments with endometritis was the main cause of delayed hemorrhage. In all cases, hemostatic embolization was performed because of intractable hemorrhage. Hysterectomy had been performed in two cases before embolization but it had also failed to stop the bleeding. RESULTS: Angiography revealed extravasation in ten cases, spasm of the internal iliac artery in four cases, false aneurysm in two cases and arteriovenous fistula in one case. After embolization, immediate cessation or dramatic diminution of bleeding was observed in all cases. Two patients required repeated embolization the following day. No major complication related to embolization was found. In one patient with placenta accreta, delayed hysterectomy was necessary. Normal menstruation resumed in all women but two who had hysterectomy. One woman became pregnant after embolization. CONCLUSION: Selective emergency arterial embolization is an effective means of controlling severe post-partum hemorrhage. This procedure avoids high risk surgery and maintains reproductive ability.     

Uterine artery embolization in the treatment and prevention of postpartum hemorrhage.

OBJECTIVES: The study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of superselective transcatheter uterine artery embolization for control of obstetric hemorrhage. METHODS: Between January 2002 and December 2005, 14 consecutive patients underwent uterine artery embolization to control postpartum hemorrhage, and two to prevent hemorrhage before second-trimester therapeutic abortion. RESULTS: Embolization was performed by transfemoral arterial catheterization. Pieces of absorbable gelatin sponge were used in all cases, with the addition of platinum coils in two cases for complete vessel occlusion. Optimal bleeding control was achieved in all cases but one--a patient who underwent hysterectomy due to embolization failure. No severe complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The high success rate, low morbidity rate, and possibility of preserving reproductive function have made superselective uterine artery embolization the technique of choice to control life-threatening, intractable postpartum hemorrhage in hemodynamically stable patients, provided multidisciplinary medical teams are promptly available.     

介入治疗在重度产后出血中的应用

目的探讨介入治疗在重度产后出血中的应用价值。方法三家医院15年间重度产后出血保守治疗无效行次全子宫切除或全子宫切除术47例为手术组,行介入治疗24例为介入组。结果介入组手术时间55.5min,明显短于手术组121.4min(P＜0.05);介入组栓塞后止血时间为(5.9±2.6)min;手术组1例行次全子宫切除后复出血转用介入治疗成功止血,余均止血成功。结论介入治疗应用于重度产后出血具有止血快、疗效确切、手术时间短、并发症少的优点。     

Outcomes of hypogastric artery ligation and transcatheter uterine artery embolization in women with postpartum hemorrhage

Objective

This study aimed to report our experience of emergent bilateral hypogastric (internal iliac) artery ligation (HAL) in the management of intractable postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in a tertiary care center.

Angiographic embolization for control of pelvic genital tract hemorrhage. Report of 14 cases.

Fourteen patients with intractable bleeding of obstetric or gynecological origin underwent transcatheter angiographic arterial embolization. Three patients had postpartum hemorrhage associated with dilutional coagulopathy, anticoagulant therapy and placental leukemic metastases, or placenta percreta. One patient had locally advanced gestational trophoblastic tumor, one had uterine sarcoma and 8 had advanced cervical malignancy. Bleeding was completely controlled in all patients regardless of the initiating event. The embolizing material was gelatin sponge particles in 12 patients, and spring coil in 2. In experienced hands, angiographic arterial embolization is a safe, effective and less invasive alternative to surgical ligation in some clinical states of pelvic female genital tract hemorrhage.     

Nécrose utérine après embolisation hémostatique des artères utérines

Radiologic embolization of the uterine arteries is increasingly used to treat severe postpartum hemorrhage, as an alternative to surgical procedures. Guidelines have been published in order to standardize the indications as well as the technique. An important objective was to limit severe complications such as uterine necrosis. We report a case of a uterine necrosis after arterial embolization for severe postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony on a uterus with fibroids. This complication occurred despite the use of the recommended technique.